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FOREMOST LITHIUM RESOURCE & TECHNOLOGY LTD.

Date Filed : May 18, 2023

F-11g083528_f1.htmF-1

 

As filed with the U.S. Securitiesand Exchange Commission on May 17, 2023

 

RegistrationNo. 333-

 

UNITEDSTATES

SECURITIESAND EXCHANGE COMMISSION 

WASHINGTON,D.C. 20549

 

FORMF-1
REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER
THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933

 

FOREMOST LITHIUM RESOURCE& TECHNOLOGY LTD.

(Exactname of Registrant as specified in its charter)

 

NotApplicable 

(Translationof Registrant’s Name into English)

 

British Columbia, Canada   1099   Not Applicable
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)
  (Primary Standard Industrial
Classification Code Number)
  (I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)

2500-700West Georgia Street

Vancouver,British Columbia V7Y 1B3 Canada

info@foremostlithium.com
(604) 330-8067

(Address,including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of Registrant’s principal executive offices)

 

CogencyGlobal Inc.

122East 42nd Street, 18th Floor
New York, N.Y. 10168

(800)221-0102
(Names, address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of agent for service)

 

Copiesto:

 

Anthony J. Marsico, Esq.   Louis Taubman, Esq.
Anthony Epps, Esq.   Guillaume de Sampigny, Esq.
Dorsey & Whitney LLP   Hunter Taubman Fischer & Li LLC
51 West 52nd Street   950 Third Avenue, 19th Floor
New York, NY 10019-6119    New York, NY 10022
Tel.: (212) 415-9200   Tel.: (212) 530-2210

 

Approximatedate of commencement of proposed sale to public:
As soon as practicable after this Registration Statement becomes effective.

 

Ifany of the securities being registered on this Form are to be offered on a delayed or continuous basis pursuant to Rule 415 underthe Securities Act of 1933, check the following box. ☒

 

Ifthis Form is filed to register additional securities for an offering pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, check thefollowing box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for thesame offering. ☐

 

Ifthis Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(c) under the Securities Act, check the following box and listthe Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. ☐

 

Ifthis Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(d) under the Securities Act, check the following box and listthe Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement the same offering. ☐

 

Indicateby check mark whether the registrant is an emerging growth company as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act of 1933.

 

Emerginggrowth company ☒

 

Ifan emerging growth company that prepares its financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP, indicate by check mark if theregistrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standardsprovided pursuant to Section 7(a)(2)(B) of the Securities Act. ☐

 

TheRegistrant hereby amends this Registration Statement on such date or dates as may be necessary to delay its effective date until theRegistrant shall file a further amendment which specifically states that this Registration Statement shall thereafter become effectivein accordance with Section 8(a) of the Securities Act or until the Registration Statement shall become effective on such date as theCommission, acting pursuant to said Section 8(a), may determine.

 

 

 

Theinformation in this prospectus is not complete and may be changed. These securities may not be sold until the registration statementfiled with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission is effective. This preliminary prospectus is not an offer to sell these securitiesand it is not soliciting offers to buy these securities in any state where the offer or sale is not permitted.

 

PRELIMINARY PROSPECTUS   SUBJECT TO COMPLETION  

DATED MAY 17, 2023

 

CommonShares

 

 

 

ForemostLithium Resource & Technology Ltd. 

 

 

Thisis a firm commitment public offering of common shares of Foremost Lithium Resource & Technology Ltd.

 

In connection with this offering, wehave filed an application to list our common shares under the symbol “FMST” on the Nasdaq Capital Market. No assurancecan be given that our application will be approved. If our application is not approved, we will not consummate this offering.

 

Our common shares are currently quotedunder the symbol “FRRSF” on the OTCQB and under the symbol “FAT” on the Canadian Securities Exchange (“CSE”).On May 16, 2023, the last reported sale price for our shares on the OTCQB was US$0.1169 per share. At present, there is a very limitedmarket for our common shares. The trading price of our common shares has been, and may continue to be, subject to wide price fluctuationsin response to various factors, many of which are beyond our control, including those described in “Risk Factors.”

 

Weare an “emerging growth company,” as that term is used in the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012, and assuch, have elected to comply with certain reduced public company reporting requirements for this prospectus and future filings.See “Prospectus Summary—Implications of Being an Emerging Growth Company.”

 

Our board of directors intends to effecta share consolidation of our outstanding common shares in connection with this offering and our intended listing of our commonshares on the Nasdaq Capital Market (“Nasdaq”), to result in a price per share between approximately US$5.00 to US$6.00.However, we cannot guarantee that the share consolidation will be sufficient for Nasdaq to approve our initial listing application.We expect to effect the share consolidation, at a ratio of up to 1-for-80, shortly prior to the effectiveness of this registrationstatement for the offering.

 

Investing in our common shares involvesa high degree of risk. See “Risk Factors” beginning on page 15 of this prospectus for a discussion of informationthat should be considered in connection with an investment in our common shares. Neither the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commissionnor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or determined if this prospectus is truthfulor complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.

 

    Per Share     Total  
Public offering price   US$       US$    
Underwriting discounts (7.15%)(1)   US$       US$    
Proceeds to us, before expenses   US$       US$    

 

(1) Underwriting discounts do not include a non-accountable expense allowance equal to 1.0% of the public offering price payable to the underwriters. We refer you to “Underwriting” beginning on page 135 for additional information regarding underwriters’ compensation.

 

We have granted a 45-day option to therepresentative of the underwriters to purchase up to additional common shares representing fifteen percent (15%) of the commonshares sold in the offering, solely to cover over-allotments, if any.

  

Theunderwriters expect to deliver the common shares to purchasers on or about             ,2023.

 

ThinkEquity

 

Thedate of this prospectus is , 2023

 

 

 

 

 

FOREMOSTLITHIUM’S SNOW LAKE PROJECTS                               

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

TABLEOF CONTENTS

 

Page

 

ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS i

SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL INFORMATION

ii

GLOSSARY OF MINING TERMS

iii
PROSPECTUS SUMMARY 1
RISK FACTORS 15
SPECIAL NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS 29
USE OF PROCEEDS 30
DIVIDEND POLICY 31
CAPITALIZATION 32
DILUTION 33
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS 34
CORPORATE HISTORY AND STRUCTURE 47
INDUSTRY 48
BUSINESS 58

PROPERTIES

64
MANAGEMENT 107
PRINCIPAL SHAREHOLDERS 114
RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS 115
DESCRIPTION OF SHARE CAPITAL 116
SHARES ELIGIBLE FOR FUTURE SALE 121
MATERIAL UNITED STATES AND CANADIAN INCOME TAX CONSIDERATIONS 122
ENFORCEABILITY OF CIVIL LIABILITIES 134
UNDERWRITING 135
EXPENSES RELATED TO THIS OFFERING 142
LEGAL MATTERS 142
EXPERTS 142
WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION 142
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS F-1

 

 

  

ABOUTTHIS PROSPECTUS

 

Youshould rely only on the information contained in this prospectus or in any free writing prospectus we may authorize to be deliveredor made available to you. Neither we, nor the underwriters have authorized anyone to provide you with different information. Theinformation in this prospectus is accurate only as of the date of this prospectus, regardless of the time of delivery of thisprospectus, or any free writing prospectus, as the case may be, or any sale of common shares.

 

Forinvestors outside the United States: Neither we, nor the underwriters have done anything that would permit this offering orpossession or distribution of this prospectus in any jurisdiction where action for that purpose is required, other than in theUnited States. Persons outside the United States who come into possession of this prospectus must inform themselves about, andobserve any restrictions relating to, the offering of the common shares and the distribution of this prospectus outside the UnitedStates.

 

Thisprospectus includes statistical and other industry and market data that we obtained from industry publications and research, surveysand studies conducted by third parties. Industry publications and third-party research, surveys and studies generally indicatethat their information has been obtained from sources believed to be reliable, although they do not guarantee the accuracy orcompleteness of such information. While we believe these industry publications and third-party research, surveys and studies arereliable, you are cautioned not to give undue weight to this information.

 

Numericalfigures included in this prospectus have been subject to rounding adjustments. Accordingly, numerical figures shown as totalsin various tables may not be arithmetic aggregations of the figures that precede them. Certain market data and other statisticalinformation contained in this prospectus are based on information from independent industry organizations, publications, surveysand forecasts. Some market data and statistical information contained in this prospectus are also based on management’sestimates and calculations, which are derived from our review and interpretation of the independent sources listed above, ourinternal research and our knowledge of the Canadian mining industry. While we believe such information is reliable, we have notindependently verified any third-party information and our internal data has not been verified by any independent source.

 

Ourreporting currency and our functional currency is the Canadian dollar. This prospectus contains conversions of Canadian dollarsinto U.S. dollars at specific rates solely for the convenience of the reader. Unless otherwise noted, all translations from Canadiandollars into U.S. dollars in this prospectus were made at a rate of C$1.35318 per US$1.00, the noon buying rate as set forth inthe H.10 statistical release of the U.S. Federal Reserve Board in effect as of December 31, 2022. All amounts in this prospectusare expressed in Canadian dollars, except where otherwise indicated. References to “$” or “C$” is to Canadiandollars and references to “US$” are to U.S. dollars. References to quarters are to calendar quarters unless otherwisespecified.

 

i

 

 

SCIENTIFICAND TECHNICAL INFORMATION

 

CautionaryNote Regarding Presentation of Mineral Reserve and Mineral Resource Estimates

 

Estimates of mineral resources andother disclosures in this prospectus regarding our mineral properties have been prepared in compliance with subpart 1300 of SECRegulation S-K, or S-K 1300, or the SEC Mining Modernization Rules.

 

Certain of our disclosures outsidethis prospectus do not comply with the SEC Mining Modernization Rules, and instead are prepared in accordance with Canadian regulatoryrequirements, including Canada’s National Instrument 43-101, or NI 43-101. Prospective investors should be aware that thereare differences between the SEC Mining Modernization Rules and NI 43-101, and therefore our disclosures outside this prospectus,which are not part of this prospectus, may differ from our disclosures in this prospectus. Our disclosures outside this prospectusare not part of this prospectus and should not be relied upon by prospective investors in connection with this offering.

 

In addition, certain Canadian foreignprivate issuers who file registration statements and reports with the SEC using the Canada-U.S. multi-jurisdictional disclosuresystem are exempt from the requirement to comply with the SEC Mining Modernization Rules. Should we become eligible for the multi-jurisdictionaldisclosure system, we may discontinue complying with the SEC Mining Modernization Rules and may begin complying only with NI 43-101,in which case our disclosures regarding our mineral properties may differ from disclosures made by similarly situated companiesthat are subject to the SEC Mining Modernization Rules.

 

We are an exploration-stage companyand all of our mineral properties are exploration-stage properties. We have not declared mineral reserves on any of our properties.We have declared mineral resources on one of our properties, the Zoro Property.

 

Qualified Person Statement

 

Some scientific and technical informationcontained herein with respect to the Zoro Property is derived from the Initial Assessment titled “Technical Report on theZoro Lithium Project, Snow Lake, Manitoba”, prepared for us by Mark A.F. Fedikow and Scott Zelligan with an effective dateof January 16, 2023, a copy of which is an exhibit to this prospectus. We refer to this report herein as our S-K 1300 Report.The scientific and technical information related to the Zoro Property contained in the S-K 1300 Report and reproduced in thisprospectus has been approved by Mark A.F. Fedikow and Scott Zeligan. All scientific and technical information regarding our mineralproperties that is included in this prospectus, but not derived from our S-K 1300 Report, has been reviewed and approved by MarkA.F. Fedikow. Dr. Fedikow, P. Eng., P. Geo, is a “Qualified Person” within the meaning of S-K 1300. Dr. Fedikow holdsHonors B.Sc. and M.Sc. degrees in geology, geophysics, and geochemistry from the University of Windsor (Canada) and a Ph.D. inexploration geochemistry from the School of Applied Geology, University of New South Wales in Sydney (Australia).

 

Dr. Fedikow currently serves as ourVice President of Exploration, and is, accordingly, one of our affiliates. He serves in that position as a consultant; he is notan employee of any company. He is not affiliated with any other entity that has any ownership, royalty or other interest in anyof our properties. Mr. Zelligan, P. Geo, is also a Qualified Person within the meaning of S-K 1300. Mr. Zelligan has 15 yearsof experience in exploration, production, and resource estimation in both Canada and abroad. Mr. Zelligan is a professional geoscientistregistered in the Province of Ontario. Mr. Zelligan is not an employee or affiliate of us. He is a self-employed, independentresource geologist. He is not affiliated with any other entity that has an ownership, royalty or other interest in the Zoro Property.

 

ii

 

 

 

GLOSSARYOF MINING TERMS

 

Thefollowing is a glossary of certain mining terms that may be used in this prospectus. 

   
Assay A metallurgical analysis used to determine the quantity (or grade) of various metals in a sample.
   
Be Beryllium.
   
Claim A mining right that grants a holder the exclusive right to search and develop any mineral substance within a given area.
   
Concentrate A clean product recovered in flotation, which has been upgraded sufficiently for downstream processing or sale.
   
Core Drilling A specifically designed hollow drill, known as a core drill, is used to remove a cylinder of material from the drill hole, much like a hole saw. The material left inside the drill bit is referred to as the core. In mineral exploration, cores removed from the core drill may be several hundred to several thousand feet in length.
   
Cs Caesium.
   
Cut-Off Grade The grade (i.e., the concentration of metal or mineral in rock) that determines the destination of the material during mining. For purposes of establishing “prospects of economic extraction,” the cut-off grade is the grade that distinguishes material deemed to have no economic value (it will not be mined in underground mining or if mined in surface mining, its destination will be the waste dump) from material deemed to have economic value (its ultimate destination during mining will be a processing facility). Other terms used in similar fashion as cut-off grade include net smelter return, pay limit, and break-even stripping ratio.
   
Deposit An informal term for an accumulation of mineralization or other valuable earth material of any origin.
   
Dilational Structure Structures composed of mechanisms whose only degree of freedom corresponds to dilation.
   
Drift A horizontal or nearly horizontal underground opening driven along a vein to gain access to the deposit.
   
Dyke A long and relatively thin body of igneous rock that, while in the molten state, intruded a fissure in older rocks.
   
Exploration Prospecting, sampling, mapping, diamond drilling and other work involved in searching for ore.
   
Flotation A milling process in which valuable mineral particles are induced to become attached to bubbles and float as others sink.
   

  

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Feasibility Study A feasibility study is a comprehensive technical and economic study of the selected development option for a mineral project, which includes detailed s of all applicable modifying factors, as defined by this section, together with any other relevant operational factors, and detailed financial analysis that are necessary to demonstrate, at the time of reporting, that extraction is economically viable. The results of the study may serve as the basis for a final decision by a proponent or financial institution to proceed with, or finance, the development of the project.
   
GPS Global Positioning System, an accurate worldwide navigational and surveying facility based on the reception of signals from an array of orbiting satellites.
   
Grade Term used to indicate the concentration of an economically desirable mineral or element in its host rock as a function of its relative mass. With Lithium, this is typically expressed as a percentage of ore that comprises Lithium. With gold, the grade is typically expressed as grams per tonne (g/t) or ounces per tonne (opt).
   
Greywacke A variety of sandstone generally characterized by its hardness, dark color, and poorly sorted angular grains of quartz, feldspar, and small rock fragments set in a compact, clay-fine matrix.
   
Ha Hectare - An area totaling 10,000 square meters or 2.47 acres.
   
Indicated Mineral Resource An indicated mineral resource is that part of a mineral resource for which quantity and grade or qualityare estimated on the basis of adequate geological evidence and sampling. The level of geological certainty associated with an indicatedmineral resource is sufficient to allow a qualified person to apply modifying factors in sufficient detail to support mine planningand evaluation of the economic viability of the deposit. Because an indicated mineral resource has a lower level of confidencethan the level of confidence of a measured mineral resource, an indicated mineral resource may only be converted to a probablemineral reserve.
   
Initial Assessment A preliminary technical and economic study of the economic potential of all or parts of mineralization to support the disclosure of mineral resources. The initial assessment must be prepared by a qualified person and must include appropriate assessments of reasonably assumed technical and economic factors, together with any other relevant operational factors, that are necessary to demonstrate at the time of reporting that there are reasonable prospects for economic extraction. An initial assessment is required for disclosure of mineral resources but cannot be used as the basis for disclosure of mineral reserves.
   
Inferred Mineral Resource An inferred mineral resource is that part of a mineral resource for which quantity and grade or quality are estimated on the basis of limited geological evidence and sampling. The level of geological uncertainty associated with an inferred mineral resource is too high to apply relevant technical and economic factors likely to influence the prospects of economic extraction in a manner useful for evaluation of economic viability. Because an inferred mineral resource has the lowest level of geological confidence of all mineral resources, which prevents the application of the modifying factors in a manner useful for evaluation of economic viability, an inferred mineral resource may not be considered when assessing the economic viability of a mining project and may not be converted to a mineral reserve.
   
KM Kilometre(s) or kilometers. Equal to 0.62 miles.
   
LCE Lithium Carbonate Equivalent - Trade in lithium is largely centered around key lithium raw materials and chemicals such as spodumene concentrate, lithium carbonate and lithium hydroxide, which vary significantly in their lithium content. To normalize this varied lithium content data, market participants will often also report data in terms of a “lithium carbonate equivalent,” or “LCE.”
   
Lithology (ies)(ic) The character of a rock formation, a rock formation having a particular set of characteristics.
   
Li2O Lithium Oxide
   
M Metre(s) or meters. Equal to 3.28 feet.
   
Mafic Igneous rocks composed mostly of dark, iron- and magnesium-rich minerals.
   
Massive Said of a mineral deposit, especially of sulfides, characterized by a great concentration of mineralization in one place, as opposed to a disseminated or vein-like deposit.
   
Measured Mineral Resource A measured mineral resource is that part of a mineral resource for which quantity and grade or qualityare estimated on the basis of conclusive geological evidence and sampling. The level of geological certainty associated with ameasured mineral resource is sufficient to allow a qualified person to apply modifying factors, as defined in this section, insufficient detail to support detailed mine planning and final evaluation of the economic viability of the deposit. Because a measuredmineral resource has a higher level of confidence than the level of confidence of either an indicated mineral resource or an inferredmineral resource, a measured mineral resource may be converted to a proven mineral reserve or to a probable mineral reserve.
   
Metallurgy The science and art of separating metals and metallic minerals from their ores by mechanical and chemical processes.
   
Mineral A naturally occurring homogeneous substance having definite physical properties and chemical composition and, if formed under favorable conditions, a definite crystal form.
   
Mineral Deposit A mass of naturally occurring mineral material, e.g. metal ores or nonmetallic minerals, usually of economic value, without regard to mode of origin.
   

 

 

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Mineralization A natural occurrence in rocks or soil of one or more yielding minerals or metals.
   
Mineral Reserve An estimate of tonnage and grade or quality of indicated and measured mineral resources that, in the opinion of the qualified person, can be the basis of an economically viable project. More specifically, it is the economically mineable part of a measured or indicated mineral resource, which includes diluting materials and allowances for losses that may occur when the material is mined or extracted
   
Mineral Resource A mineral resource is a concentration or occurrence of material of economic interest in or on the Earth’s crust in such form, grade or quality, and quantity that there are reasonable prospects for economic extraction. A mineral resource is a reasonable estimate of mineralization, taking into account relevant factors such as cut-off grade, likely mining dimensions, location or continuity, that, with the assumed and justifiable technical and economic conditions, is likely to, in whole or in part, become economically extractable. It is not merely an inventory of all mineralization drilled or sampled.
   
Mt Metric tonne. Metric measurement of weight equivalent to 1,000 kilograms or 2,204.6 pounds.
   
Ore Mineralized material that can be extracted and processed at a profit.
   
Pegmatite An igneous rock, formed by slow crystallization at high temperature and pressure at depth, and exhibiting large interlocking crystals usually greater in size than 2.5 cm (1 in).
   
PFS or Preliminary Feasibility Study

A PFS or Preliminary Feasibility Study (or pre-feasibility study) is a comprehensive study of a range of options for the technical and economic viability of a mineral project that has advanced to a stage where a qualified person has determined (in the case of underground mining) a preferred mining method, or (in the case of surface mining) a pit configuration, and in all cases has determined an effective method of mineral processing and an effective plan to sell the product.

(1)A pre-feasibility study includes a financial analysis based on reasonable assumptions, based on appropriate testing, about themodifying factors and the evaluation of any other relevant factors that are sufficient for a qualified person to determine ifall or part of the indicated and measured mineral resources may be converted to mineral reserves at the time of reporting. Thefinancial analysis must have the level of detail necessary to demonstrate, at the time of reporting, that extraction is economicallyviable.

(2)A pre-feasibility study is less comprehensive and results in a lower confidence level than a feasibility study. A pre-feasibilitystudy is more comprehensive and results in a higher confidence level than an initial assessment.

   
Probable Mineral Reserve The economically mineable part of an indicated, and in some circumstances, a measured mineral resource.
   
Proven Mineral Reserve The economically mineable part of a measured mineral resource and can only result from conversion of a measured mineral resource.
   
Qualified Person(nel) or QP

An individual who is:

(1) A mineral industry professional with at leastfive years of relevant experience in the type of mineralization and type of deposit under consideration and in the specific typeof activity that person is undertaking on behalf of the registrant; and

(2) An eligible member or licensee in good standingof a recognized professional organization at the time the technical report is prepared. For an organization to be a recognizedprofessional organization, it must:

(i) Be either:

(A) An organization recognized within the miningindustry as a reputable professional association; or

(B) A board authorized by U.S. federal, state orforeign statute to regulate professionals in the mining, geoscience or related field.

(ii) Admit eligible members primarily on the basisof their academic qualifications and experience;

(iii) Establish and require compliance with professionalstandards of competence and ethics;

(iv) Require or encourage continuing professionaldevelopment;

(v) Have and apply disciplinary powers, includingthe power to suspend or expel a member regardless of where the member practices or resides; and

(vi) Provide a public list of members in good standing.

   
Reclamation Restoration of mined land to original contour, use, or condition where possible.
   
Residual Magnetic Maps Measure magnetic variation or susceptibility. Magnetic residual maps reveal much more detailed geologic features—in particular, the geometry and configuration of individual basement blocks. They bring out the subtle magnetic anomalies that result from the changes in rock type across basement block boundaries. Residual maps show local magnetic variations, which may have exploration significance.
   
Spodumene A pyroxene mineral consisting of lithium aluminum inosilicate, LiAl(SiO3)2, and is a source of lithium.
   
SC6 A spodumene concentrate with 6% lithium content.
   
Sedimentary Said of rock formed at the Earth’s surface from solid particles, whether mineral or organic, which have been moved from their position of origin and re-deposited, or chemically precipitated.
   
Strike The direction, or bearing from true north, of a vein or rock formation measured on a horizontal surface.
   
Ta Tantalum.
   
tonne A metric ton of 1,000 kilograms (2,205 pounds).
   
Troy Ounce A measure of weight in gold and other precious metals which is 31.2 grams as distinct from an imperial ounce which is 28.4 grams.
   
μm Micrometer.
   
UTM Universal Transverse Mercator, which is a coordinate system that divides the world into sixty north-south zones, each 6 degrees longitude wide. United States Geological Surveys (“USGS”) often show these coordinates on a topographic map. UTM zones are numbered consecutively beginning with Zone 1, which includes the westernmost point of Alaska, and progressing eastward to Zone 19, which includes Maine. If UTM ticks are shown on a USGS topographic map, the zone is indicated in the credit legend in the lower left corner of the map collar.

  

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PROSPECTUSSUMMARY

 

Thissummary highlights selected information contained elsewhere in this prospectus. This summary is not complete and does not containall of the information that you should consider before deciding whether to invest in our common shares. You should carefully readthe entire prospectus, including the risks associated with an investment in our company discussed in the “Risk Factors”section of this prospectus, before making an investment decision. Some of the statements in this prospectus are forward-lookingstatements. See the section titled “Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Statements.”

 

In this prospectus,“we,” “us,” “our,” “our company,” “Foremost Lithium” and similar referencesrefer to Foremost Lithium Resource and Technology Ltd. and its consolidated subsidiaries.

 

OurCompany

 

Overview

 

We are an exploration stage lithiummining company with properties located in Manitoba, Canada. We control exploration stage lithium properties in the Snow Lake regionof Manitoba encompassing over 42,000 acres (17,100 hectares) consisting of 78 mineral claims which are referred to herein as theZoro Property, the Jean Lake Property, the Grass River Property, the Peg North Property, and the Jol Property. We collectivelyrefer to our Zoro, Jean Lake, Grass River and Peg North Properties, which we consider to be our material properties, as our LithiumLane Properties; we consider the Jol Property and our Winston Property to be non-core properties. We seek to become one of thefirst North American companies to produce high quality SC6 that could be used to produce battery-grade lithium hydroxide (“LiOH”).LiOH is a strategic battery mineral mainly used as a component in the production of lithium-ion (“Li-ion”) batteries.Li-ion batteries power the daily use of consumer electronics, enable electrification of the transportation sector, and providestationary grid storage, which is critical to meeting the needs of the electric vehicle industry.

 

Ourprimary focus is conducting discovery exploration for lithium at our Lithium Lane Properties. We are strategically located tosupply the U.S. “Auto Alley,” from Michigan to the southern United States (“U.S.”), and the European batterymarket via our nearby access to the Hudson Bay Railway and the Port of Churchill. With access to renewable hydroelectric energyproduced in Manitoba, we believe we have the potential to be a supplier in North American mined lithium with the benefit of hydroelectricpower, substantially all of which is produced from sustainable, local sources.

 

 

Figure 1 – A map of our propertyin Snow Lake depicting our Lithium Lane Properties

 

Our Lithium Lane Propertiesare located along pegmatite fields that are proximal to or abut the Crowduck Bay fault structure, a key metallognetic featurefor lithium-bearing pegmatite in the Snow Lake area. To date, we have invested approximately $9,500,000 of capital in the LithiumLane Properties. Historical drilling has been documented on all the Lithium Lane Properties, and we have declared an inferredmineral resource on our Zoro Property. To prove our lithium resource on the Lithium Lane Properties, we will need to engage ina drilling program that will require additional capital expenditure for each of the four Lithium Lane Properties. We expect thatthis offering will provide us with the funds needed to complete planned exploration drilling programs on certain of the LithiumLane Properties to next move forward to an Initial Assessment.

 

We also own a 100% interest in an explorationstage gold/silver property located in New Mexico USA, referred to herein as the Winston Property. The Winston Property has promisinggeology, and there are plans for a 2023 summer drill program. We will consider options to enable value to be unlocked from theWinston Property, which could include a spin out or joint venture with precious metals focused participants.

 

LithiumIndustry

 

Webelieve that the full electrification of a global automobile fleet has begun. Demand for electric vehicles (“EVs”)is being driven by conscious consumers who take the threat of global warming seriously and who have forced a universal commitmentfrom the manufacturing industry to produce cars to match their environmentally conservative outlook. In addition, the secretary-generalof the United Nations has declared fossil fuels to be a clear and present danger, saying that promoters of fossil fuels have beenundermining climate policies with pseudo-science and public relations. Therefore, government policies and regulations may be anadditional market driver for increased lithium demand. During the coming years, the achievement of this fleet conversion willbe the primary challenge for the worldwide automobile industry and the determining factor will not be design or engineering, butbatteries. Based on today’s predictions of the trajectory of future EV growth, the world will not have sufficient batterycapacity to match growing demand. Today’s global fleet of approximately 1.4 billion automobiles includes 10 million plug-inEVs, an increase from only one million of such EVs in 2015. Extrapolating the growth trajectory of EV demand, we believe thatcurrent industrial infrastructure is not scaled sufficiently to meet the coming demand.

 

The Inflation Reduction Act signed intolaw by U.S. President Joe Biden in August 2022 has several provisions that we believe will stimulate U.S. demand for EVs and motivateproducers to shift their battery supply chain to North America. The new law extends availability of the $7,500 credit on the purchaseof new EVs and eliminates the cap on the number of cars that can qualify. The new law also provides that, starting January 1, 2024,to be eligible, a vehicle must not only be built in North America, but its battery must be comprised of at least 40 percent ofmaterials sourced in North America or a U.S. trading partner. Each year that percentage rises by 10 percent until by 2029 to 100percent of the battery components. As a result, we anticipate that EV makers in the U.S. will demand batteries that exclude Chinafrom the supply chain. Given China’s preeminent position in the battery supply chain currently, we believe that the InflationReduction Act will be a strong motivation for producers of lithium hydroxide and other lithium products to locate in North America,which will increase demand for lithium from North American sources.

 

Salesand production of EVs continue to accelerate globally, with double-digit annual growth expected over the next decade. To keepthe expansion and development of EVs charging ahead, vehicle manufacturers, automotive suppliers and governments are pluggingin more investment to regional supply chains and gigafactory networks for Li-ion batteries. 

 

 

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Originalequipment manufacturers (“OEMs”) including Tesla, Volkswagen Group, BMW, General Motors, Geely, Ford and many moreare investing billions of dollars to secure lithium supply, diversify suppliers and to expand Li-ion battery and battery packproduction. Many vehicle manufacturers and lithium cell suppliers are planning battery gigafactories that will be several timeslarger than the current largest global gigafactory, the Tesla Gigafactory 1 in Nevada (including Tesla, which is building a newgigafactory network that spans the United States, China and Germany). 

 

Risingdemand for and production of Li-ion batteries is leading to the emergence of major battery cell suppliers, including LG Chem,SK Innovation, CALT and Panasonic, along with startup EV battery players like Northvolt, Farasis, SVOLT and many more across thesupply chain. At the same time, OEMs are diversifying their suppliers and ramping up production of Li-ion batteries, with OEMsincluding Volkswagen Group, General Motors, Stellantis and Ford looking to the Tesla and Panasonic model of joint venture Li-ionbattery production – or even looking to in-house lithium mining and gigafactory operations.

 

Drivingdemand was the EV sector where, although final numbers are not yet in for 2022, we anticipate sales of 6.2 million EVs (a 103%increase over the prior year) with 3.1 million in China, 2.1 million in Europe and 0.7 million in North America. On the supplyfront, producers in Western Australia were able to lift production (Greenbushes, Pilbara) as did South American brine producers(Albemarle, SQM). However, with little available inventory and the major lithium mining producers not releasing volumes, thosewithout captive supply were left to fight it out for feedstock tonnes. While we witnessed some increase in sector consolidationduring the first half of the year (Galaxy & Orocobre, IGO & Tianqi), it was the second half of the year where a “scramblefor resources” hit overdrive. Chinese companies Ganfeng and CATL were the most aggressive, taking out or buying into fiveprojects in 2H’21, and spending a combined US$2 billion in the process. Overall, we estimate a total of US$7 billion wasspent on M&A during 2021 up from US$400 million in 2020. 2021 also saw Automotive OEMs and battery producers invest in a pipelineof battery manufacturing capacity. A notable announcement was Volkswagen’s commitment to build six 40GWh battery factoriesin Europe by 2030 (equates to approximately 350 thousand tonnes (“KT”) of LCE demand).

 

Thetable below shows the expected increase in lithium consumption through 2025.

 

 

2

 

 

 

 

Figure 2 – Bloomberg forecastof global lithium demand

 

Rawmaterial availability is the biggest constraint to produce lithium carbonate and hydroxide. While risk-adjusted capacity at themine level is projected to reach around 673,000 tons of LCE in 2022, demand is forecast to exceed 676,000 tons LCE. The lithiumindustry could struggle to meet growing demand from EVs unless new projects are ramped up quickly over the next two years.

 

 Figure 3 – Benchmarktracking of lithium prices

 

 

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Figure 4 – Benchmark trackingof lithium prices. The Y-Axis on the left (US$/t) refers to dollar amounts in the lawful currency of the United States per metricton. The Y-Axis on the right (t) refers to metric tons. 

 

 Figure 5 – Platt’slithium carbonate-hydroxide spread CIF North Asia

 

Electric mobility is one of the solutions being incentivized around the globe in varying magnitudes. Nevertheless,its implementation presents challenges to keep up with the growing demand of electric batteries and risks in the lithium supplychain. A sustainable approach is needed to address the challenges from the extraction of this critical raw material, which is crucialin the fight against climate change.

 

 

4

 

 

 

Figure 6 –Fastmarkets battery grade assessments

 

 

5

 

 

 

We are focused onplaying a critical role in the production of ethically produced battery-grade lithium hydroxide. Each of our prospective lithiumprojects are in the exploration phase and its objectives of its business activities are to initially target extraction of Li2Ofrom the project sites and to subsequently play a role in the production of high-quality LiOH.

 

We intend to achieve our environmental,sustainability and governance friendly strategy through utilization and operation of the following initiatives and resources:

 

Power to operate our future lithium mine is expected to be suppliedby Manitoba Hydro on a 97% renewable basis.

 

The global lithium-ion battery market size is expected to reach USD $182.53 billion by 2030. The Biden Administration has put forward an aggressive agenda to address the climate crisis including the Inflation Reduction Act passed in August of 2022. Stringent requirements have been set-forth towards the application of a $7,500 tax credit when purchasing an electric vehicle, including that 40% of the minerals contained in the vehicle’s battery must have been extracted or processed in the U.S. or in a nation that has a free trade agreement with the U.S. That percentage requirement gradually increases to 80% by 2027. Most recently, on April 10, 2023, The New York Times reported that the Biden Administration is setting to put forth the most rigorous anti-auto pollution policies ever designed, to ensure that all-electric cars make up as much as 67 percent of new passenger vehicles sold in the country by 2032. With these continued mandates to build a clean, carbon-free, neutral environment, and lithium playing a key role for years to come, we feel our Lithium Lane Properties is perfectly situated with key strategic advantages.

 

The Arctic Gateway Group’s Hudson Bay Railway lines, located within 30 kilometers of our Lithium Lane Properties, will connect our lithium mining operations to the North American auto industry with a minimum carbon footprint, with total mine to manufacturer distance of less than 1,500 miles, the majority of which being rail.

 

We believe that these factors will give us a unique opportunity to generatesubstantial enterprise value by building a business that delivers fully verifiable, environmentally friendly lithium to a rapidgrowth market.

 

 

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Our Strategy, Exploration to Discovery

 

Adisciplined exploration to build value.

Figure7 – Exploration to discovery process

  

We have 78 claimson over 42,000 acres. Our exploration efforts have confirmed 40 known pegmatite dykes and 30 follow up drill targets. The companyfollows the same scientific methodical approach before drill programs to de-risk drill targets and ensure a higher probabilityof a successful drill program. These steps include:

 

First pass prospecting of outcrop areas on the claim block focusingon known pegmatites as well as additional lithium-bearing pegmatites

 

Drone-Assisted Magnetic Survey. This technology aids the Companyby utilizing 3D technology to define the extent and magnetic signature of the spodumene pegmatite dykes and enclosing geologicenvironment

 

Surficial geochemical surveys including Mobile Metal Ions (“MMI”)Technology is utilized to help delineate new targets and is integrated with other geoscientific databases

 

Ground truthing – boots on the ground, visual reference

 

Determine targets and follow up with drill program

 

Further in-fill drilling; discovery of mineral resources

 

 

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Ourstrategy is supported by the following competitive advantages:

 

Possible future mines can gain access to Manitoba produced 97%+ renewable energy to enableore to be processed into SC6 with the benefit of fully renewable sources of energy.

 

Strategic location in the heart of North American market close to highways, rail, power linesand water.

 

Operating in a mining friendly jurisdiction with excellent mining infrastructure.

 

The combination of the benefits of mining under an energy ecosystemsubstantially all of which is renewable, a location in a mining friendly jurisdiction, and strategic proximity to the major U.S.EV manufacturing markets, makes us an attractive source for offtake agreements with and capital provided by lithium battery and/orEV manufacturers who will need to secure their raw material supplies.

 

OurGrowth Strategies

 

Figure8 – Growth Strategies

 

Wehave developed a strategic plan for further exploration and development of the Lithium Lane Properties that includes the followingmilestones:

 

Aggressively scale-up and continue exploration and expansion ofthe discovered spodumene pegmatite dykes on each of the Lithium Lane Properties. This includes 16 dykes on the Zoro Property; 2dykes on the Jean Lake Property; 17 dykes on the Grass River Property; and 5 dykes on the Peg North Property. To date, one dykeon the Zoro Property has yielded an inferred mineral resource.

 

Continue exploration of additional prospects located on our Lithium Lane Properties with the goal to add additional tonnage through further subsurface characterization and subsequent drilling. We also intend to explore for extensions to the existing mineral resources and other potential mineralization within the Lithium Lane Properties.

 

Market our lithium while still in the ground directly to batterysuppliers and vehicle manufacturers as our ore has achieved a global lithium recovery of 81.6% and near 6% Li2O concentrate, demonstratingthat we can produce battery-grade lithium hydroxide and/or carbonate.

 

Solidify and broaden engagement with strategic partners by deliveringa saleable LiOH monohydrate product suitable for due diligence purposes as required by qualified Li-ion battery manufacturers.

 

Create a revenue stream by the direct shipping ore (“DSO”)to mines in the area.

 

 

 

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OurRisks and Challenges

 

Our prospects should be considered along with the risks, uncertainties, expenses and difficulties frequentlyencountered by similar companies. Our ability to realize our business objectives and execute our strategies is subject to risksand uncertainties, including, among others, the following:

 

RisksRelated to Our Business and Industry

 

Risksand uncertainties related to our business and industry include, but are not limited to, the following:

 

  We have a limited operating history and have not yet generated any revenues.
     
  Our consolidated financial statements have been prepared on a going concern basis and our financial status creates a doubt whether we will continue as a going concern.
     
  If we do not obtain additional financing, our business may be at risk or execution of our business plan may be delayed.
     
  All our business activities are now in the exploration stage and there can be no assurance that our exploration efforts will result in the commercial development of mines.
     
  Our inferred mineral resources described in our most recent S-K 1300 compliant report are only estimatesand no assurance can be given that the anticipated tonnages and grades will be achieved, or that the indicated level of recoverywill be realized. Ongoing exploration drilling is required to upgrade our inferred resource to an indicated reserve however thereis a risk that additional drilling may not be successful and fail to upgrade the inferred to indicated. Further drilling andother work will be required to determine whether the Lithium Lane Properties contain proven or probable mineral reserves andthere can be no assurance that we will be successful in our efforts to prove our resource.
     
  Mineral exploration and development are subject to extraordinary operating risks. We currently do not insure against these risks. In the event of a cave-in or similar occurrence, our liability may exceed our resources, which could have an adverse impact on us;
     
  Our business operations are exposed to a high degree of risk associated with the mining industry.
     
  We may not be able to obtain or renew licenses or permits that are necessary to our operations.
     
  Our Lithium Lane Properties may face indigenous land claims.
     
  Volatility in lithium prices and lithium demand may make it commercially unfeasible for us to develop our Lithium Lane Properties.
     
  There can be no guarantee that our interest in the Lithium Lane Properties is free from any title defects.
     
  Our mining operations are dependent on the adequate and timely supply of water, electricity or other power supply, chemicals and other critical supplies.
     
  We currently report our financial results under IFRS, which differs in certain significant respect from U.S. generally accepted accounting principles; and
     
  If key personnel leave our company, we would be harmed since we are heavily dependent upon them for all aspects of our activities.
     

RisksRelated to This Offering and Ownership of Our Common Shares

 

Risksand uncertainties related to this offering and our common shares include, but are not limited to, the following:

 

  We have considerable discretion as to the use of the net proceeds from this offering and we may use these proceeds in ways with which you may not agree.
     
  If through additional drilling we are not able to prove our resource according to the SEC’s Mining Modernization Rules, your investment in our common shares could become worthless.

 

 

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  You may experience difficulties in effecting service of legal process, enforcing foreign judgments or bringing actions against us or our management named in the prospectus based on foreign laws.
     
  We are a foreign private issuer within the meaning of the rules under the Exchange Act, and as such we are exempt from certain provisions applicable to U.S. domestic public companies.
     
  As a foreign private issuer, we are permitted to rely on exemptions from certain Nasdaq corporate governance standards applicable to domestic U.S. issuers. This may afford less protection to holders of our shares.
     
  Future issuances of debt securities, which would rank senior to our common shares upon our bankruptcy or liquidation, and future issuances of preferred shares, which could rank senior to our common shares for the purposes of dividends and liquidating distributions, may adversely affect the level of return you may be able to achieve from an investment in our common shares; and

 

We are an “emerging growth company,” and we cannot be certain if the reduced reporting requirements applicable to emerging growth companies will make our common shares less attractive to investors.

 

Inaddition, we face other risks and uncertainties that may materially affect our business prospects, financial condition, and resultsof operations. You should consider the risks discussed in “Risk Factors” and elsewhere in this prospectus beforeinvesting in our common shares.

 

OurCorporate Structure

 

FARResources Ltd. was incorporated under the Business Corporations Act of British Columbia (“BCBCA”) on July 7, 2005(Number: BC0729352). The Company changed its name to Foremost Lithium Resource & Technology Ltd. on January 4, 2022. TheCompany currently has two wholly owned subsidiaries, Sequoia Gold & Silver Ltd. (“Sequoia”), a British ColumbiaCompany, and Sierra Gold & Silver Ltd, a New Mexico company (“Sierra”). Sequoia is inactive and has no assets.Sierra holds the Company’s Winston property in New Mexico, USA.

 

ForemostLithium Resource & Technology Ltd. (formerly Far Resources Ltd.) (the “Company”) which was incorporated underthe laws of the Province of British Columbia, is a public company listed on the Canadian Securities Exchange (the “CSE”)and trades under the symbol FAT.On February 14, 2022, the Company began trading on the OTCQB Venture Market under United Statesunder the symbol FRRSF.

 

CorporateInformation

 

Ourcorporate address is Suite 2500 - 700 West Georgia Street, Vancouver, British Columbia V7Y 1B3 Canada. Our company email addressis info@foremostlithium.com.

 

Ourregistered office is located at Suite 2500 - 700 West Georgia Street, Vancouver, British Columbia V7Y 1B3 Canada.

 

Ouragent for service of process in the United States is Cogency Global Inc., located at 122 East 42nd Street, 18th Floor,New York, N.Y. 10168.

 

Ourwebsite can be found at https://www.foremostlithium.com/. The information contained on our website is not a part of this prospectus,nor is such content incorporated by reference herein, and should not be relied upon in determining whether to make an investmentin our common shares.

 

 

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Implicationsof Being an Emerging Growth Company

 

Upon the completionof this offering, we will qualify as an “emerging growth company” under the Jumpstart Our Business Act of 2012, asamended, or the JOBS Act. As a result, we will be permitted to, and intend to, rely on exemptions from certain disclosure requirements,including:

 

an exemption from the auditor attestation requirementin the assessment of our internal controls over financial reporting required by Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002,or the Sarbanes-Oxley Act; and

 

an exemption from compliance with any new requirementsadopted by the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board, or the PCAOB, requiring mandatory audit firm rotation or a supplementto the auditor’s report in which the auditor would be required to provide additional information about our audit and ourfinancial statements.

 

In other words, an emerging growth company can delay the adoption of certain accountingstandards until those standards would otherwise apply to private companies. We have elected to take advantage of the benefitsof this extended transition period. Our consolidated financial statements may therefore not be comparable to those ofcompanies that comply with such new or revised accounting standards.

 

We will remain an emerging growth company until the earliest of (i) the last day of the fiscal yearduring which we have total annual gross revenues of at least US$1.235billion; (ii) the last day of our fiscal year following the fifth anniversary of the completion of this offering; (iii) the dateon which we have, during the preceding three year period, issued more than US$1.0 billion in non- convertible debt; or (iv) thedate on which we are deemed to be a “large accelerated filer” under the Exchange Act, which could occur if the marketvalue of our common shares that are held by non-affiliates exceeds US$700 million as of the last business day of our most recentlycompleted second fiscal quarter. Once we cease to be an emerging growth company, we will not be entitled to the exemptions providedin the JOBS Act discussed above.

 

Implicationsof Being a Foreign Private Issuer

 

Once the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part is declared effective by the SEC,we will become subject to the information reporting requirements of the Exchange Act that are applicable to “foreign privateissuers,” and under those requirements we will file certain reports with the SEC. As a foreign private issuer, we will notbe subject to the same requirements that are imposed upon U.S. domestic issuers by the SEC. Under the Exchange Act, we will besubject to reporting obligations that, in certain respects, are less detailed and less frequent than those of U.S. domestic reportingcompanies. For example, although we report our financial results on a quarterly basis, we will not be required to issue quarterlyreports, proxy statements that comply with the requirements applicable to U.S. domestic reporting companies, or individual executivecompensation information that is as detailed as that required of U.S. domestic reporting companies. We also will have four monthsafter the end of each fiscal year to file our annual reports with the SEC and we will not be required to file current reports asfrequently or promptly as U.S. domestic reporting companies. We also present our consolidated financial statements pursuant toInternational Financial Reporting Standards, or IFRS, as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board, instead of pursuantto U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. Furthermore, our officers, directors and principal shareholders will be exemptfrom the requirements to report transactions in our equity securities and from the short-swing profit liability provisions containedin Section 16 of the Exchange Act. As a foreign private issuer, we will also not be subject to the requirements of Regulation FD(Fair Disclosure) promulgated under the Exchange Act. These exemptions and leniencies reduce the frequency and scope of informationand protections available to you in comparison to those applicable to shareholders of U.S. domestic reporting companies.

 

In addition, as a foreign private issuer, we will be permitted, and intend to follow certain home countrycorporate governance practices instead of those otherwise required under the listing rules of Nasdaq for domestic U.S. issuers.These exemptions and leniencies will reduce the frequency and scope of information and protections available to you in comparisonto those applicable to a U.S. domestic reporting company.We intend to continue to take advantage of the exemptions available to us as a foreign private issuer during and after the periodwe qualify as an emerging growth company.

 

Recent Developments

 

On May 1, 2023, we announced the completionof our 24-hole 3,002-meter drill program on our Jean Lake Property. A total of 246 drill-core and 10 outcrop chip samples werecollected and shipped to Activation Laboratories Ltd. In Ancaster, Ontario, for lithium and gold assays with results expected tobe released within the second quarter of this year. Of notable interest was the appearance of gold mineralization with visiblegold within the core.

 

The Jean Lake Property occurs in a geologicalterrain historically recognized as significantly endowed with gold and new developing lithium resources. Our exploration effortshave focused on lithium in pegmatite using a variety of exploration technologies, which not only have exposed potential for spodumene,but which also has demonstrated the potential for gold mineralization. Drill intercepts from our recently completed drill programon our Jean Lake Lithium Property have documented features that historically produced high grade gold assays. See Properties– Material Properties – The Lithium Lane Properties - Jean Lake Property” for further details.

 

In May 2023, we acquired an additional property consisting of 60 mineral claims locatedin Quebec, Canada (the “Lac Simard South Property”) with 12 pegmatites that were identified from satellite imagery.In addition to those 60 claims, we staked an additional 20 mineral claims on the Lac Simard South Property, with a final land sizeof 11,482 acres (4,647 hectares). The property is nearby known active lithium camps with large established resources and is consistentwith our focus to be within close proximity of lithium concentrators and refineries. We anticipate exploration efforts to commencein summer of 2023.

 

Lac Simard South Property is in anarea in Quebec known for its active lithium camps with large established resources. It is situated approximately 90km southwestfrom The NAL Lithium Processing Plant (A Piedmont/Sayona Joint Venture) which just commenced producing lithium spodumene concentrationout of its facility, and is approximately located 80km southwest of Val-D'or, a logistics hub for mining services. See Properties– Non -Material Properties –Lac Simard South Property” for further details.

 

 

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TheOffering

 

Shares offered   common shares
     
Common shares outstanding immediately before the offering   common shares.
     
Common shares outstanding immediately after the offering   common shares (or common shares if the underwriters exercise the over-allotment option in full).
     
Over-allotment option   We have granted to the underwriters a 45-day option to purchase from us up to an additional 15% of the common shares sold in the offering (        additional shares) at the public offering price, less the underwriting discounts.
     
Representative’s Warrants   The registration statement of which this prospectus is a part also registers for sale warrants (the “Representative’s Warrants”) to purchase up to         common shares (5% of the common shares sold in this offering, assuming full exercise of the over-allotment option) to the underwriters, as a portion of the underwriting compensation payable in connection with this offering. The Representative’s Warrants will be exercisable at any time, and from time to time, in whole or in part, 180 days following the commencement date of sales in this offering and expiring five-years following the commencement date of sales in this offering at an exercise price of $            (125% of the public offering price of the Shares). Please see “Underwriting—Representative’s Warrants” for a description of these warrants.
     
Use of proceeds  

We expect to receive net proceeds of approximately US$         million from this offering, assuming a public offering price of US$         per share and no exercise of the underwriters’ over-allotment option, and after deducting estimated underwriting discounts and estimated offering expenses payable by us.

 

A significant portion of the net proceeds will be used to conduct exploration activities to further define and develop quality targets on our Lithium Lane Properties for future drill programs with the ultimate goal of expanding the amount of S-K 1300 compliant resource. See “Use of Proceeds” for more information on the use of proceeds.

     
Risk factors   Investing in our common shares involves a high degree of risk and purchasers of our common shares may lose part or all of their investment. See “Risk Factors” for a discussion of factors you should carefully consider before deciding to invest in our common shares.
     
Lock-up   We, all of our directors and officers, and holders of 5% or greater of our common shares, have agreed with the underwriters, subject to certain exceptions, not to offer, pledge, sell, transfer or dispose of, directly or indirectly, any of our common shares or securities convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for our common shares for a period of (i) three months after the closing of this offering in the case of our company, (ii) six months after the closing of this offering in the case of our directors and officers, and (iii) three months after the closing of this offering in the case of holders of 5% or greater of our common shares. See “Underwriting” for more information.
     
Proposed trading market and symbol   In connection with this offering, we intend to file an application to list our common shares under the symbol “FMST” on the Nasdaq Capital Market. If our application is not approved by the Nasdaq Capital Market, we will terminate this offering.

 

 

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The number of common shares outstandingimmediately following this offering is based on 199,015,799 shares outstanding as of May 12, 2023, and excludes:

11,315,000 common shares issuable upon the exercise of outstanding options under our Stock Option Plan (2021) at a weighted average exercise price of C$‌0.216 (approximately US$‌0.16) per share.
1,488,235 common shares issuable upon the exercise of outstanding warrants at a weighted average exercise price of C$‌0.144 (approximately US$‌0.106) per share; and
up to           common shares issuable upon exercise of therepresentative’s warrants issued in connection with this offering.

 

Except as otherwise indicated herein, all information inthis prospectus assumes or gives effect to:

 

a 1-for-       stock split of our common shares effectedon                  , 2023 pursuant to which(i) every                   outstanding common shares was decreased to one common share, (ii) the number common shares for which each outstandingwarrant and option to purchase common shares is exercisable was proportionally decreased on a 1-for-basis and (iii) the exerciseprice of each outstanding warrant and option to purchase common stock was proportionately increased on a 1-for-basis (the “ReverseStock Split”). No fractional shares will be issued as a result of the Reverse Stock Split. Any fractional shares resultingfrom the Reverse Stock Split shall be rounded up to the nearest whole share; and
no exercise by the underwriters of their option topurchase an additional                   common shares.

 

 

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SummaryConsolidated Financial Information

 

Thefollowing selected historical financial information should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements andrelated notes included elsewhere in the prospectus and the information contained in “Management’s Discussion andAnalysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” below.

 

Thefollowing summary consolidated financial data as of March 31, 2022 and 2021. This information is derived from our audited consolidatedfinancial statements and our interim nine-month consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus.

 

Ourconsolidated financial statements are prepared and presented in accordance with IFRS. Our historical results for any periodare not necessarily indicative of our future performance.

 

    For the Years Ended     For the Nine Months Ended  
    March
31,

2022
    March
31,

2021
    March 31,
2022
    March 31,
2021
    December 31,
2022
    December 31,
2021
    December 31,
2022
    December 31,
2021
 
Statements of Loss Data   $     $     US$     US$     $     $     US$     US$  
Total operating expenses     4,073,745       2,627,643       3,010,498       1,941,828       3,455,990       1,212,979     2,553,977       896,392  
Total other loss (income)     (77,177 )     15,335     (57,034 )     11,333     (4,090,616 )     (96,488)       (3,022,966 )     (71,305)  
Net loss     4,150,922       2,612,308       3,067,531       1,930,496       (634,626)       1,116,491       (468,989)       825,087  
Net loss per share – basic and diluted     0.03       0.02       0.02       0.01       0.00       0.01       0.00       0.00  
Weighted average shares outstanding – basic and diluted     163,831,333       139,875,639                       195,418,386       159,803,173                  

 

               

As Adjusted*

 
    March 31,
2022
    March 31,
2022
    March 31,
2022
    March 31,
2022
 
Statements of Financial Position Data   $     US$     $     US$  
Cash     235,455       174,001              
Current assets     434,117       320,812              
Total assets     7,918,078       5,851,460              
Current liabilities     1,101,946       814,338              
Total liabilities     1,176,332       890,310              
Shareholders’ equity     6,741,746       4,982,151              
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity     7,918,078       5,851,460                  

* This column is adjusted by adding the net proceeds ofthis offering to the cash on hand and shareholders’ equity.

 

 

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RISKFACTORS

 

Aninvestment in our common shares involves a high degree of risk. You should carefully consider the following risk factors, togetherwith the other information contained in this prospectus, before purchasing our common shares. We have listed below (not necessarilyin order of importance or probability of occurrence) what we believe to be the most significant risk factors applicable to us,but they do not constitute all of the risks that may be applicable to us. Any of the following factors could harm our business,financial condition, results of operations or prospects, and could result in a partial or complete loss of your investment. Somestatements in this prospectus, including statements in the following risk factors, constitute forward-looking statements. Pleaserefer to the section titled “Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Statements.”

 

Risks Related to Our Businessand Industry

 

Wehave a limited operating history and have not yet generated any revenues.

 

Our limited operating history makesevaluating our business and prospects difficult and may increase the risk of your investment. We were formed in 2005 and we havenot yet begun commercial mining of lithium. To date, we have no revenues. We are in the exploration stage of our development withthe potential to establish commercial operations still unknown and we do not expect to start generating revenues until the 2025,at the earliest. We intend to proceed with the development of the Lithium Lane Properties through economic and technical studiessuch as PEAs and PFSs and, provided the results are positive, through to a Feasibility Study and mine development. We intend toderive substantial revenues from becoming a strategic supplier of SC6 to producers of battery-grade LiOH that supply the growingelectric vehicle and battery storage markets. Our planned exploration and development of mineral resources, primarily lithium,will require significant investment prior to commercial introduction and may never be successfully developed or commercially successful.

 

Our consolidated financialstatements have been prepared on a going concern basis and our financial status creates a doubt about whether we will continueas a going concern.

 

Our consolidated financial statementshave been prepared on a going concern basis under which an entity is considered to be able to realize its assets and satisfy itsliabilities in the ordinary course of business. Our future operations are dependent upon the identification and successful completionof equity or debt financing and the achievement of profitable operations at an indeterminate time in the future. There can beno assurances that we will be successful in completing an equity or debt financing or in achieving or maintaining profitability.The consolidated financial statements do not give effect to any adjustments relating to the carrying values and classificationof assets and liabilities that would be necessary should we be unable to continue as a going concern.

 

Ifwe do not obtain additional financing, our business may be at risk, or the execution of our business plan may be delayed.

 

We havelimited assets upon which to commence our business operations and to rely otherwise. As of December 31, 2022, we had cash of $2,312,446(US$1,708,898) and during the years ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, we had a net loss of $4,150,922 (US$3,067,531) and $2,612,308(US$1,930,496), funds, we will need to seek additional funds in the future through debt financings or strategic alliances withthird parties, either alone or in combination with equity financings to complete our lithium exploration initiatives. Additionalfunding will be needed to implement our business plan that includes various expenses such as continuing our mining explorationprogram, legal, operational set-up, general and administrative, marketing, employee salaries and other related start-up expenses.Obtaining additional funding will be subject to various factors, including general market conditions, investor acceptance of ourbusiness plan and ongoing results from our exploration efforts. These financings could result in substantial dilution to the holdersof our common shares or require contractual or other restrictions on our operations or on alternatives that may be available tous. If we raise additional funds by issuing debt securities, these debt securities could impose significant restrictions on ouroperations. Any such required financing may not be available in amounts or on terms acceptable to us, and the failure to procuresuch required financing could have a material and adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations,or threaten our ability to continue as a going concern.

 

We may notbe able to acquire additional funds on acceptable terms, or at all. If we are unable to raise adequate funds, we may have to delay,reduce the scope of or eliminate some or all our planned exploration programs. If we do not have, or are not able to obtain, sufficientfunds, we may be required to delay further exploration, development, or commercialization of our expected mineral resources, ifand when verified. We also may have to reduce the resources devoted to our mining efforts or cease operations. Any of these factorscould harm our operating results.

 

Ourbusiness is subject to operational risks that are generally outside of our control and could adversely affect our business.

 

Mineralmining sites, like the sites where our Lithium Lane Properties are located, by their nature are subject to many operational risksand factors that are generally outside of our control and could adversely affect our business, operating results, and cash flows.These operational risks and factors include the following:

 

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  unanticipated ground and water conditions.
  adverse claims to water rights and shortages of water to which we have rights.
  adjacent land ownership that results in constraints on current or future operations.
  geological problems, including earthquakes and other natural disasters.
  metallurgical and other processing problems.
  the occurrence of unusual weather or operating conditions and other force majeure events.
  lower than expected ore grades or recovery rates.
  accidents.
  delays in the receipt of or failure to receive necessary government permits.
  the results of litigation, including appeals of agency decisions.
  uncertainty of exploration and development.
  delays in transportation.
  interruption of energy supply.
  labor disputes or labor shortages.
  inability to obtain satisfactory insurance coverage; and
  the failure of equipment or processes to operate in accordance with specifications or expectations.

 

Any oneor more of these factors or other risks could cause us not to realize the anticipated benefits from our properties and could havea material adverse effect on our financial condition.

 

Allof our business activities are now in the exploration stage and there can be no assurance that our exploration efforts will resultin the commercial development of a lithium mine.

 

All ouroperations are at the exploration stage and there is no guarantee that any such activity will result in commercial productionof lithium mineral deposits. Very limited drilling has been conducted on our Lithium Lane Properties to date, which makes theextrapolation of an S-K 1300 compliant indicated or inferred resource to an S-K 1300 probable or proven reserve and to commercialviability impossible without further drilling. We intend to engage in that additional exploratory drilling with proceeds fromthis offering, but we can provide no assurance of future success from our planned additional drilling program. The explorationfor lithium deposits involves significant risks which even a combination of careful evaluation, experience and knowledge may noteliminate. While the discovery of an ore body may result in substantial rewards, few properties which are explored are ultimatelydeveloped into producing mines. Major expenses may be required to locate and establish proven mineral reserves, to develop metallurgicalprocesses and to construct mining and processing facilities at a particular site. It is impossible to ensure that the explorationprograms planned by us, or any future development programs will result in a profitable commercial mining operation. There is noassurance that our mineral exploration activities will result in any discoveries of commercial quantities of lithium. There isalso no assurance that, even if commercial quantities of ore are discovered, a mineral property will be brought into commercialproduction. Whether a mineral deposit will be commercially viable depends on several factors, some of which are: the particularattributes of the deposit, such as size, grade and proximity to infrastructure, metal prices which are highly cyclical; and governmentregulations, including regulations relating to prices, taxes, royalties, land tenure, land use, importing and exporting of mineralsand environmental protection. The exact effect of these factors cannot be accurately predicted. Our long-term profitability willbe in part directly related to the cost and success of our exploration programs and any subsequent development programs.

 

Ourmineral resources may be significantly lower than expected.

 

We arein the exploration stage and our planned principal operations have not commenced. While we have declared an inferred mineral resourceon our Zoro Property, inferred mineral resources have a great degree of uncertainty and cannot form the basis of a mineral reserve.There can be no assurance that our inferred mineral resources will ever be upgraded to a higher category of mineral resources.There is currently no commercial production on the Lithium Lane Properties, and we have not yet completed a PFS or FeasibilityStudy on any of our properties. You should not rely on the S-K 1300 Report as an indication that we will have successful commercialoperations in the future. Even if we prove reserves on the Lithium Lane Properties, we cannot guarantee that we will be able todevelop and market them, or that such production will be profitable.

 

Any inferredresource figures presented in this prospectus are estimates from the written reports of technical personnel and mining consultantswho were contracted to assess the mining prospects. Resource estimates are a function of geological and engineering analyses thatrequire us to forecast production costs, recoveries, and metals prices. The accuracy of such estimates depends on the qualityof available data and of engineering and geological interpretation, judgment, and experience. Estimated inferred lithium resourcesmay not be upgraded to measured or indicated or to probable or proved reserves, and any reserves may not be realized in actualproduction and our operating results may be negatively affected by inaccurate estimates. Additionally, resource estimates do notdetermine the economics of a mining project and even if an economic assessment is produced, we cannot guarantee that it will reflectpositive economics for our mining resources or that we will be able to execute our plans to create an economically viable miningoperation.

 

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Ourmineral resources described in our most recent S-K 1300 compliant inferred mineral resource report are only estimates and no assurancecan be given that the anticipated tonnages and grades will be achieved, or that the indicated level of recovery will be realized.

 

We intendto continue exploration on our Lithium Lane Properties, and we may or may not acquire additional interests in other mineral properties.The search for mineral deposits as a business is extremely risky. We can provide investors with no assurance that explorationon our current properties, or any other property that we may acquire, will establish that any commercially exploitable quantitiesof mineral deposits exist. Additional potential problems may prevent us from discovering any mineral deposits. These potentialproblems include unanticipated problems relating to exploration and additional costs and expenses that may exceed current estimates.If we are unable to establish the presence of viable lithium mineral deposits on our properties, our ability to fund future explorationactivities will be impeded, we will not be able to operate profitably, and investors may lose all their investment in our company.

 

Wehave no history of mineral production.

 

We are anexploration stage company and have no history of mining or refining mineral products from our properties. As such, any futurerevenues and profits are uncertain. There can be no assurance that our Lithium Lane Properties will be successfully placed intoproduction, produce minerals in commercial quantities or otherwise generate operating earnings. Advancing projects from the explorationstage into development and commercial production requires significant capital and time and will be subject to further technicalstudies, permitting requirements and construction of mines, processing plants, roads and related works and infrastructure. Wewill continue to incur losses until mining-related operations successfully reach commercial production levels and generate sufficientrevenue to fund continuing operations. There is no certainty that we will generate revenue from any source, operate profitablyor provide a return on investment in the future.

 

Lithiummining and production is relatively new to the Province of Manitoba and the Snow Lake area.

 

If lithium resources on the LithiumLane Properties are proven, we intend to work towards entering the production stage of our operations. This means that the processingof our spodumene will be conducted through a fully electrified process not using any fossil fuels to generate the electrical powerneeded to run our operations. Lithium mining and processing the pore to spodumene has occurred at the Tanco mine located northeastof Winnipeg. Locating the necessary experts and work force that are familiar with and trained in this mining process may be a challengeand our success may be hindered by the lack of historical familiarity with the processes and challenges faced in lithium miningand production.

 

Mineralexploration and development are subject to extraordinary operating risks. We currently do not insure against these risks. In theevent of a cave-in or similar occurrence, our liability may exceed our resources, which could have an adverse impact on us.

 

Explorationand mining operations generally involve a degree of risk. Our operations are subject to all of the hazards and risks normallyencountered in the exploration, development and production of rare earth metals, including, without limitation, unusual and unexpectedgeologic formations, seismic activity, rock bursts, cave-ins, flooding and other conditions involved in the drilling and removalof material, any of which could result in damage to, or destruction of, mines and other producing facilities, personal injuryor loss of life and damage to property and environmental damage, all of which may result in possible legal liability. Althoughwe expect that adequate precautions to minimize risk will be taken, mining operations are subject to hazards such as fire, rockfalls, geo-mechanical issues, equipment failure or failure of retaining dams around tailings disposal areas which may result inenvironmental pollution and consequent liability. The occurrence of any of these events could result in a prolonged interruptionof our operations that would have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects.

 

The explorationfor and development of mineral deposits involves significant risks, which even a combination of careful evaluation, experienceand knowledge may not eliminate. While the discovery of a mineral deposit may result in substantial rewards, few properties thatare explored are ultimately developed into producing mines. Major expenses may be required to locate and establish mineral resourcesand reserves, to develop metallurgical processes and to construct mining and processing facilities and infrastructure at a particularsite. It is impossible to ensure that the exploration or development programs planned by us will result in a profitable commercialmining operation. Whether a mineral deposit will be commercially viable depends on several factors, some of which are: the particularattributes of the deposit, such as size, grade and proximity to infrastructure, metal prices that are highly cyclical, and governmentregulations, including regulations relating to prices, taxes, royalties, land tenure, land use, importing and exporting of mineralsand environmental protection. The exact effect of these factors cannot be accurately predicted, but the combination of these factorsmay result in our company not receiving an adequate return on invested capital. There is no certainty that the expenditures madetowards the search and evaluation of mineral deposits will result in the discovery of mineral resources or the development ofcommercial quantities of mineral reserves.

 

Our developmentprojects have no operating history upon which to base estimates of future capital and operating costs. Mineral resource and reserveestimates and estimate of operating costs are, to a large extent, based upon the interpretation of geologic data obtained fromdrill holes and other sampling techniques, and feasibility studies, which derive estimates of capital and operating costs basedupon anticipated tonnage and grades to be mined and processed, ground conditions, the configuration of the deposit, expected recoveryrates of minerals from ore, estimated operating costs, and other factors. As a result, actual production, cash operating costsand economic returns could differ significantly from those estimated.

 

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Thereare numerous risks associated with the development of the Lithium Lane Properties.

 

Our futuresuccess will largely depend upon our ability to successfully explore, develop, and manage the Lithium Lane Properties. Our successis dependent upon management’s ability to implement our strategy, to develop the project and to maintain ongoing lithiumproduction from the mines that we expect to develop.

 

Developmentof the Lithium Lane Properties could be delayed, experience interruptions, incur increased costs or be unable to complete dueto several factors, including but not limited to:

 

  changes in the regulatory environment including environmental compliance requirements;
  non-performance by third party consultants and contractors;
  inability to attract and retain a sufficient number of qualified workers;
  unforeseen escalation in anticipated costs of exploration and development, or delays in construction, or adverse currency movements resulting in insufficient funds being available to complete planned exploration and development;
  increases in extraction costs including energy, material and labor costs;
  lack of availability of mining equipment and other exploration services;
  shortages or delays in obtaining critical mining and processing equipment;
  catastrophic events such as fires, storms or explosions;
  the breakdown or failure of equipment or processes;
  construction, procurement and/or performance of the processing plant and ancillary operations falling below expected levels of output or efficiency;
  civil unrest in and/or around the mine site and supply routes, which would adversely affect the community support of our operations;
  changes to anticipated levels of taxes and imposed royalties; and/or
  a material and prolonged deterioration in lithium market conditions, resulting in material price erosion.

 

It isnot uncommon for new mining developments to experience these factors during their exploration or development stages or duringconstruction, commissioning, and production start-up, or indeed for such projects to fail as a result of one or more of thesefactors occurring to a material extent. There can be no assurance that we will complete the various stages of exploration anddevelopment necessary in order to achieve our strategy in the timeframe pre-determined by us or at all. Any of these factors mayhave a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and activities, financial condition, and prospects.

 

Wedo not insure against all of the risks we face in our operations.

 

In general,where coverage is available and not prohibitively expensive relative to the perceived risk, we will maintain insurance againstsuch risk, subject to exclusions and limitations. We currently maintain insurance against certain risks including securities andgeneral commercial liability claims and certain physical assets used in our operations, subject to exclusions and limitations;however, we do not maintain insurance to cover all the potential risks and hazards associated with our operations. We may be subjectto liability for environmental, pollution or other hazards associated with our exploration, pre-extraction, and extraction activities,which we may not be insured against, which may exceed the limits of our insurance coverage or which we may elect not to insureagainst because of high premiums or other reasons. Furthermore, we cannot provide assurance that any insurance coverage we currentlyhave will continue to be available at reasonable premiums or that such insurance will adequately cover any resulting liability.

 

Changesin technology and future demand may result in an adverse effect on our results of operation.

 

Currentlylithium is a key metal used in batteries, including those used in electric vehicles. However, the technology pertaining to batteries,electric vehicles and energy creation and storage is changing rapidly and there is no assurance lithium will continue to be usedto the same degree as it is now, or that it will be used at all. Any decline in the use of lithium -ion batteries or technologiesutilizing such batteries may result in a material and adverse effect on our future profitability, results of operation and financialcondition.

 

Ourbusiness operations are exposed to a high degree of risk associated with the mining industry.

 

Our businessoperations are exposed to a high degree of risk inherent in the mining sector. Risks which may occur during the exploration anddevelopment of mineral resources include environmental hazards, industrial accidents, equipment failure, import/customs delays,shortage or delays in installing and commissioning plant and equipment, metallurgical and other processing problems, seismic activity,unusual or unexpected formations, formation pressures, rock bursts, wall failure, cave ins or slides, burst dam banks, flooding,fires, explosions, power outages, opposition with respect to mining activities from individuals, communities, governmental agenciesand non-governmental organizations, interruption to or the increase in costs of services, cave-ins and interruption due to inclementor hazardous weather conditions.

 

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Commencementof mining can also reveal mineralization or geologic formations, including higher than expected content of other minerals thatcan be difficult to separate from rare earth metals, which can result in unexpectedly low recovery rates.

 

Suchoccurrences could cause damage to, or destruction of properties, personal injury or death, environmental damage, pollution, delays,increased production costs, monetary losses, and potential legal liabilities. Moreover, these factors may result in a mineraldeposit, which has been mined profitably in the past to become unprofitable. They are also applicable to sites not yet in productionand to expanded operations. Successful mining operations will be reliant upon the availability of processing and refining facilitiesand secure transportation infrastructure at the rate of duty over which we may have limited or no control. Any liabilities thatwe incur for these risks and hazards could be significant and the costs of rectifying the hazard may exceed our asset value.

 

Infrastructurerequired to carry on our business may be affected by unusual or infrequent weather phenomena, sabotage, government or other interferencein the maintenance or provision of such infrastructure.

 

Exploitationof the Lithium Lane Properties will depend to a significant degree on adequate infrastructure. While developing our expected operations,assuming our exploration efforts will be successful, we may need to construct and support the construction of infrastructure,which includes permanent gas pipelines, water supplies, power, transport and logistics services which affect capital and operatingcosts. Unusual or infrequent weather phenomena, sabotage, government or other interference in the maintenance or provision ofsuch infrastructure or any failure or unavailability in such infrastructure could materially adversely affect our operations,financial condition, and results of operations.

 

Wemay receive negative conclusions from further economic assessments.

 

The netproceeds from this offering will be used to, among other things, fund further exploration on the Lithium Lane Properties and forthe continuation of the exploration work to establish the economic potential of the Lithium Lane Properties. Until such time asany further economic assessment is concluded, uncertainty will exist as to the economic viability of the Lithium Lane Properties.If any further economic assessments have negative conclusions, investors may lose some or all their investment.

 

Wemay not be able to obtain or renew licenses or permits that are necessary to our operations.

 

In theordinary course of business, we will be required to obtain and renew governmental licenses or permits for exploration, development,construction, and commencement of mining at the Lithium Lane Properties. Obtaining or renewing the necessary governmental licensesor permits is a complex and time-consuming process involving public hearings and costly undertakings on the part of our company.The duration and success of our efforts to obtain and renew licenses or permits are contingent upon many variables not withinour control, including the interpretation of applicable requirements implemented by the licensing and/or permitting authorities.We may not be able to obtain or renew licenses or permits that are necessary to our operations, including, without limitation,an exploitation license, or the cost to obtain or renew licenses or permits may exceed what we believe we can recover from theLithium Lane Properties. Any unexpected delays or costs associated with the licensing or permitting process could delay the developmentor impede the operation of a mine, which could adversely impact our operations and profitability.

 

TheLithium Lane Properties may face indigenous land claims

 

The LithiumLane Properties may now or in the future be the subject of indigenous land claims. The legal nature of land claims is a matterof considerable complexity. The impact of any such claim on our ownership interest in the Lithium Lane Properties cannot be predictedwith any degree of certainty and no assurance can be given that a broad recognition of indigenous rights in the area in whichthe Lithium Lane Properties is located, by way of a negotiated settlement or judicial pronouncement, would not have an adverseeffect on our operations. Even in the absence of such recognition, we may at some point be required to negotiate with and seekthe approval of holders of such interests to facilitate exploration and development work on the Lithium Lane Properties, thereis no assurance that we will be able to establish a practical working relationship with the indigenous groups in the area whichwould allow is to ultimately develop the Lithium Lane Properties.

 

Oppositionto our mining and business activities could disrupt our business

 

In recentyears, governmental and non-governmental agencies, individuals, communities and courts have become more vocal and active withrespect to their opposition to certain mining and business activities. This opposition may take on forms such as road blockades,applications for injunctions seeking work stoppages, refusals to grant access to lands or to sell lands on commercially viableterms, lawsuits for damages or to revoke or modify licenses and permits, issuances of unfavorable laws and regulations, and otherrulings that could be contrary to our interests. In addition, these actions can occur in response to our activities or the activitiesof other unrelated entities. Opposition to our mining and business activities is beyond our control. Any such opposition may disruptour business and may result in increased costs, which could have a material adverse effect on our business and financial condition

 

Volatilityin lithium prices and lithium demand may make it commercially unfeasible for us to develop our Lithium Lane Properties.

 

The developmentof our Lithium Lane Properties is dependent on the continued growth of the lithium market, and the continued increased demandfor lithium chemicals by emerging producers of electric vehicles and other users of Li-ion batteries. These producers and therelated technologies are still under development and a continued sustained increase in demand is not certain. To the extent thatsuch demand does not manifest itself, and the lithium market does not continue to grow, or existing producers increase supplyto satisfy this demand, then our ability to develop our Lithium Lane Properties will be adversely affected. Our lithium explorationand development activities may be significantly adversely affected by volatility in the price of lithium. Mineral prices fluctuatewidely and are affected by numerous factors beyond our control such as global and regional supply and demand, interest rates,exchange rates, inflation or deflation, fluctuation in the value of the United States dollar and foreign currencies, and the politicaland economic conditions of mineral-producing countries throughout the world. The exact effect of these factors cannot be accuratelypredicted, but the combination of these factors may result in our lithium activities not producing an adequate return on investedcapital to be profitable or viable.

 

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Therecan be no guarantee that our interest in the Lithium Lane Properties is free from any title defects.

 

We believe we have taken reasonablesteps to ensure proper title to the Lithium Lane Properties exists. However, there can be no guarantee that our interest in theLithium Lane Properties is free from any title defects, as title to mineral rights involves certain intrinsic risks due to thepotential problems arising from the unclear conveyance history characteristic of many mining projects. There is also the risk thatmaterial contracts between us and relevant government authorities will be substantially modified to the detriment of us or be revoked.There can be no assurance that our rights and title interests will not be challenged or impugned by third parties.

 

Ourmining operations are dependent on the adequate and timely supply of water, electricity or other power supply, chemicals and othercritical supplies.

 

Our explorationprograms and possible future mining operations are dependent on the adequate and timely supply of water, electricity or otherpower supply, chemicals, and other critical supplies. If we are unable to obtain the requisite critical supplies in time and atcommercially acceptable prices or if there are significant disruptions in the supply of electricity, water or other inputs tothe mine site, our business performance and results of operations may experience material adverse effects.

 

Wemay experience an inability to attract or retain qualified personnel.

 

Our successdepends to a large degree upon our ability to attract, retain and train key management personnel, as well as other technical personnel.If we are not successful in retaining or attracting such personnel, our business may be adversely affected. Furthermore, the lossof our key management personnel could materially and adversely affect our business and operations.

 

As our businessbecomes more established, it will also be required to recruit additional qualified key financial, administrative, operations andmarketing personnel. There will be no guarantee that we will be able to attract and keep such qualified personnel and if we arenot successful, it could have a material and adverse effect on our business and results from operations.

 

Failureto comply with federal, provincial and/or local laws and regulations could adversely affect our business.

 

Our miningoperations are subject to various laws and regulations governing exploration, development, production, taxes, labor standardsand occupational health, mine safety, protection of endangered and protected species, toxic substances and explosives use, reclamation,exports, price controls, waste disposal and use, water use, forestry, land claims of local people, and other matters. This includesperiodic review and inspection of the Lithium Lane Properties that may be conducted by applicable regulatory authorities.

 

Althoughthe exploration activities on the Lithium Lane Properties have been and, we expect, will continue to be carried out in accordancewith all applicable laws and regulations, there is no guarantee that new laws and regulations will not be enacted or that existinglaws and regulations will not be applied in a way which could limit or curtail exploration or in the future, production. New lawsand regulations or amendments to current laws and regulations governing the operations and activities of mining or more stringentimplementation of existing laws and regulations could have a material adverse effect on us and cause increases in capital expenditurescosts, or reduction in levels of exploration, development and/or production.

 

Failureto comply with applicable laws and regulations, even if inadvertent, may result in enforcement actions thereunder, including ordersissued by regulatory or judicial authorities causing operations to cease or be curtailed, and may include corrective measuresrequiring capital expenditures, installation of additional equipment or remedial actions. We may also be required to reimburseany parties affected by loss or damage caused by our mining activities and may have civil or criminal fines and/or penalties imposedagainst us for infringement of applicable laws or regulations.

 

Failureto comply with environmental regulation could adversely affect our business.

 

All phasesof our operations with respect to the Lithium Lane Properties will be subject to environmental regulation. Environmental legislationinvolves strict standards and may entail increased scrutiny, fines and penalties for non-compliance, stringent environmental assessmentsof proposed projects and a high degree of responsibility for companies and their officers, directors, and employees. Changes inenvironmental regulation, if any, may adversely impact our operations and future potential profitability. In addition, environmentalhazards may exist on the Lithium Lane Properties that are currently unknown. We may be liable for losses associated with suchhazards or may be forced to undertake extensive remedial cleanup action or to pay for governmental remedial cleanup actions, evenin cases where such hazards have been caused by previous or existing owners or operators of the properties, or by the past orpresent owners of adjacent properties or by natural conditions. The costs of such cleanup actions may have a material adverseimpact on our operations and future potential profitability.

 

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Failureto comply with applicable laws, regulations, and permitting requirements may result in enforcement actions thereunder, includingorders issued by regulatory or judicial authorities causing operations to cease or be curtailed, and may include corrective measuresrequiring capital expenditures, installation of additional equipment, or remedial actions. Parties engaged in mining operationsmay be required to compensate those suffering loss or damage by reason of the mining activities and may have civil or criminalfines or penalties imposed for violations of applicable laws or regulations as well as environmental laws.

 

Wecurrently report our financial results under IFRS, which differs in certain significant respect from U.S. generally accepted accountingprinciples.

 

We reportour consolidated financial statements under IFRS. There have been and there may in the future be certain significant differencesbetween IFRS and United States generally accepted accounting principles, or U.S. GAAP, including differences related to revenuerecognition, intangible assets, share-based compensation expense, income tax and earnings per share. As a result, our financialinformation and reported earnings for historical or future periods could be significantly different if they were prepared in accordancewith U.S. GAAP. In addition, we do not intend to provide a reconciliation between IFRS and U.S. GAAP unless it is required underapplicable law. As a result, you may not be able to meaningfully compare our consolidated financial statements under IFRS withthose companies that prepare consolidated financial statements under U.S. GAAP.

 

Foreigncurrency fluctuations could affect our profitability and the value of our assets and shareholders’ equity.

 

Our operationsare subject to foreign currency fluctuations. Our future revenues are primarily in U.S. dollars, while some of our operating expensesand cash balances expenses are measured in Canadian dollars. The fluctuation of the Canadian dollar in relation to the U.S. dollarwill consequently have an impact upon our profitability and may also affect the value of our assets and shareholders’ equity.

 

Ourassets and operations are subject to economic, geopolitical, and other uncertainties.

 

Economic,geopolitical, and other uncertainties may negatively affect our business. Economic conditions globally are beyond our control.In addition, the outbreak of hostilities and armed conflicts between countries can create geopolitical uncertainties that mayaffect both local and global economies. Downturns in the economy or geopolitical uncertainties may cause future customers to delayor cancel projects, reduce their overall capital or operating budgets, or reduce or cancel orders which could have a materialadverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.

 

Our operationsmay be affected in varying degrees by government regulations with respect to, but not limited to, restrictions on production,price controls, export controls, currency remittance, income taxes, foreign investment, maintenance of claims, environmental legislation,land use, land claims of local people, water use and mine safety. Failure to comply strictly with applicable laws, regulationsand local practices relating to mineral rights, could result in loss, reduction, or expropriation of entitlements.

 

In addition,the financial markets can experience significant price and value fluctuations that can affect the market prices of equity securitiesand other companies in ways that are unrelated to the operating performance of these companies. Broad market fluctuations, aswell as economic conditions generally, may adversely affect the market price of our common shares.

 

Regulationsand pending legislation governing issues involving climate change could result in increased operating costs, which could havea material adverse effect on our business.

 

Severalgovernments or governmental bodies have introduced or are contemplating legislative and/or regulatory changes in response to concernsabout the potential impact of climate change. New legislation and increased regulation regarding climate change could potentiallyimpose significant costs on us, and on our suppliers, including costs related to increased energy requirements, capital equipment,environmental monitoring and reporting, and other costs necessary to comply with such regulations. Any adopted future climatechange regulations could also negatively impact our ability to compete with companies situated in areas not subject to such limitations.Given the emotional and political significance and uncertainty surrounding the impact of climate change and how it should be dealtwith, we cannot predict how legislation and regulation will ultimately affect our financial condition, operating performance,and ability to compete. Furthermore, even without such regulation, increased awareness, and any adverse publicity in the globalmarketplace about potential impacts on climate change by us or other companies in our industry could harm our reputation. Thepotential physical impacts of climate change on our operations are highly uncertain, could be particular to the geographic circumstancesin areas in which we operate and may include changes in rainfall and storm patterns and intensities, water shortages, changingsea levels, and changing temperatures. These impacts may adversely impact the cost, production, and financial performance of ouroperations.

 

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Aswe face intense competition in the mineral exploration and exploitation industry, there can be no assurance that we will be ableto compete effectively with other companies.

 

The miningindustry and lithium mining sector is very competitive. Our competition is from larger, established mining companies with greaterliquidity, greater access to credit and other financial resources, newer or more efficient equipment, lower cost structures, moreeffective risk management policies and procedures and/or a greater ability than us to withstand losses. Our competitors may beable to respond more quickly to new laws or regulations or emerging technologies or devote greater resources to the expansionor efficiency of their operations than we can. In addition, current and potential competitors may make strategic acquisitionsor establish cooperative relationships among themselves or with third parties. Accordingly, it is possible that new competitorsor alliances among current and new competitors may emerge and gain significant market share to our detriment.

 

As a resultof this competition, we may have to compete for financing and be unable to acquire financing on terms we consider acceptable.We may also have to compete with the other mining companies for the recruitment and retention of qualified managerial and technicalemployees. If we are unable to successfully compete for financing or for qualified employees or we may not be able to competesuccessfully against current and future competitors, and any failure to do so could have a material adverse effect on our business,financial condition, results of operations and prospects as well as our exploration programs may be slowed down or suspended,which may cause us to cease operations as a company.

 

Wemay be subject to potential conflicts of interest.

 

We maybe subject to potential conflicts of interests, as certain directors of our company are, and may continue to be, engaged in themining industry through their participation in corporations, partnerships, or joint ventures, which are potential competitorsof our company. Situations may arise in connection with potential acquisitions in investments where the other interests of thesedirectors and officers may conflict with the interests of our company. Our directors and officers with conflicts of interest willbe subject to the procedures set out in the related Canadian law and regulations.

 

Wemay not meet cost estimates.

 

A changein the timing of any projected cash flows due to capital funding or, once in production, production shortfalls or labor disruptionswould result in delays in receipt of such cash flows and in using such cash to fund operating activities and, as applicable, reducedebt levels. This could result in additional loans to finance capital expenditures in the future.

 

The levelof capital and operating cost estimates which are used for determining and obtaining financing and other purposes are based oncertain assumptions and are fundamentally subject to considerable uncertainties. It is very likely that actual results for theLithium Lane Properties will differ from our current projections, estimates and assumptions, and these differences may be significant.Moreover, experience from actual mining may identify new or unexpected conditions that could decrease operational activities,and/or increase capital and/or operating costs above, the current estimates. If actual results are less favorable than we currentlyestimate, our business, results from operations, financial condition and liquidity could be materially adversely affected.

 

Wemay pursue opportunities to acquire complementary businesses, which could dilute our shareholders’ ownership interests,incur expenditure, and have uncertain returns.

 

We mayseek to expand through future acquisitions of either companies or properties. Future acquisitions may require us to expend significantamounts of cash, resulting in our inability to use these funds for other business or may involve significant issuances of equity.Future acquisitions may also require substantial management time commitments, and the negotiation of potential acquisitions andthe integration of acquired operations could disrupt our business by diverting management and employees’ attention awayfrom day-to-day operations. The difficulties of integration may be increased by the necessity of coordinating geographically diverseorganizations, integrating personnel with disparate backgrounds, and combining different corporate cultures.

 

Any futureacquisition involves potential risks, including, among other things: (i) mistaken assumptions and incorrect expectations aboutmineral properties, mineral resources and costs; (ii) an inability to successfully integrate any operation our company acquires;(iii) an inability to recruit, hire, train or retain qualified personnel to manage and operate the operations acquired; (iv) theassumption of unknown liabilities; (v) limitations on rights to indemnity from the seller; (vi) mistaken assumptions about theoverall cost of equity or debt; (vii) unforeseen difficulties operating acquired projects, which may be in geographic areas newto us; and (viii) the loss of key employees and/or key relationships at the acquired project.

 

At times,future acquisition candidates may have liabilities or adverse operating issues that we may fail to discover through due diligenceprior to the acquisition. If we consummate any future acquisitions with unanticipated liabilities or that fails to meet expectations,our business, results of operations, cash flows or financial condition may be materially adversely affected. The potential impairmentor complete write-off of goodwill and other intangible assets related to any such acquisition may reduce our overall earningsand could negatively affect our balance sheet.

 

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Legalproceedings may arise from time to time.

 

Legalproceedings may arise from time to time. Such litigation may be brought from time to time in the future against us. Defense andsettlement costs of legal claims can be substantial, even with respect to claims that have no merit. Other than as disclosed elsewherein this prospectus, we are not currently subject to material litigation, nor have we received an indication that any materialclaims are forthcoming. However, due to the inherent uncertainty of the litigation process, we could become involved in materiallegal claims or other proceedings with other parties in the future. The results of litigation or any other proceedings cannotbe predicted with certainty. The cost of defending such claims may take away from management’s time and effort and if weare incapable of resolving such disputes favorably, the resultant litigation could have a material adverse impact on our financialcondition, cash flow and results from operation.

 

Landreclamation requirements may be burdensome.

 

Landreclamation requirements are generally imposed on companies with mining operations or mineral exploration companies to minimizelong-term effects of land disturbance. Reclamation may include requirements to control dispersion of potentially deleterious effluentsor reasonably re-establish pre-disturbance landforms and vegetation. To carry out reclamation obligations imposed on us in connectionwith exploration, potential development, and production activities, we must allocate financial resources that might otherwisebe spent on exploration and development programs. If we are required to carry out unanticipated reclamation work, our financialposition could be adversely affected.

 

Ifkey personnel leave our company, we would be harmed since we are heavily dependent upon them for all aspects of our activities.

 

We are heavilydependent on our officers and directors, the loss of whom could have, in the short-term, a negative impact on our ability to conductour activities and could cause additional costs from a delay in the exploration and development of our Lithium Lane Properties.

 

Theobligations associated with being a public company will require significant resources and management attention, and we will incurincreased costs because of becoming a public company.

 

As a publiccompany, we will face increased legal, accounting, administrative and other costs and expenses that we have not incurred as aprivate company, and we expect to incur additional costs related to operating as a public company. After the completion of thisoffering, we will be subject to the reporting requirements of the Exchange Act, which requires that we file annual and other reportswith respect to our business and financial condition, as well as the rules and regulations implemented by the SEC, the Sarbanes-OxleyAct, the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act of 2010, the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board, andthe listing requirements of Nasdaq (if our common shares are approved for listing), each of which imposes additional reportingand other obligations on public companies. As a public company, we will be required to, among other things:

 

  prepare and file annual and other reports in compliance with the federal securities laws;
  expand the roles and duties of our board of directors and committees thereof and management;
  hire additional financial and accounting personnel and other experienced accounting and finance staff with the expertise to address complex accounting matters applicable to public companies;
  institute more comprehensive financial reporting and disclosure compliance procedures;
  involve and retain, to a greater degree, outside counsel and accountants to assist us with the activities listed above;
  build and maintain an investor relations function;
  establish new internal policies, including those relating to trading in our securities and disclosure controls and procedures;
  comply with the initial listing and maintenance requirements of Nasdaq; and
  comply with the Sarbanes-Oxley Act.

 

We expectthese rules and regulations, and any future changes in laws, regulations and standards relating to corporate governance and publicdisclosure, which have created uncertainty for public companies, to increase legal and financial compliance costs and make someactivities more time consuming and costly. These laws, regulations and standards are subject to varying interpretations, in manycases, due to their lack of specificity, and, as a result, their application in practice may evolve over time as new guidanceis provided by regulatory and governing bodies. This could result in continuing uncertainty regarding compliance matters and highercosts necessitated by ongoing revisions to disclosure and governance practices. Our investment in compliance with existing andevolving regulatory requirements will result in increased administrative expenses and a diversion of management’s time andattention from revenue-generating activities to compliance activities, which could have a material adverse effect on our business,financial condition and results of operations.

 

We alsoexpect that being a public company will make it more expensive for us to obtain director and officer liability insurance, andwe may be required to accept reduced coverage or incur substantially higher costs to obtain coverage. These increased costs mayrequire us to divert a significant amount of money that we could otherwise use to expand our business and achieve our strategicobjectives.

 

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Weare subject to global economic risks.

 

In the eventof a general economic downturn or a recession, there can be no assurance that our business, financial condition, and results ofoperations would not be materially adversely affected. Moreover, the occurrence of unforeseen or extended catastrophic events,including the COVID-19 pandemic, and the emergence of a future pandemic or other widespread health emergency (or concerns overthe possibility of such an emergency), could create economic and financial disruptions. These types of challenges can impact commodityprices, including for lithium, as well as currencies and global debt and stock markets. As a result of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic,or in the case of a future pandemic or other widespread health emergency, quarantine or other requirements or circumstances mayrequire the Company to change the way it conducts its business and operations, including require the Company to reduce or ceaseoperations at some or all its facilities for an indeterminate period. Furthermore, our critical supply chains may similarly bedisrupted for an indeterminate amount of time. All these factors could have a material impact on the Company’s business,operations, personnel and financial condition.

 

These typesof challenges may impact our ability to obtain equity, debt, or other financing on terms commercially reasonable to us, or atall. Additionally, these types of factors, as well as other related factors, may cause decreases in asset values that are deemedto be other than temporary, which may result in impairment losses. If these types of challenges occur, or if there is a materialdeterioration in general business and economic conditions, our operations could be adversely impacted, and the trading price ofour securities could be adversely affected.

 

The Company’sbusiness financial condition and results of operations may be further negatively affected by economic and other consequences fromRussia’s military action against Ukraine and the sanctions imposed in response to that action in late February 2022. Whilethe Company expects that any direct impacts of the pandemic and the war in the Ukraine will be limited, the indirect impacts onthe economy and on the mining industry and other industries in general could negatively affect our business and may make it moredifficult for us to raise equity or debt financing. There can be no assurance that the Company will not be impacted by futureadverse consequences that may be brought about on its business, results of operations, financial position, and cash flows in thefuture.

 

Our ability to managegrowth will have an impact on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

 

Future growth may place strainson our financial, technical, operational and administrative resources and cause us to rely more on project partners and independentcontractors, potentially adversely affecting our financial position and results of operations. Our ability to grow will dependon several factors, including:

 

our ability to obtain leases or options on properties;

our ability to identify and acquire new exploratory prospects;

our ability to develop existing prospects;

our ability to continue to retain and attract skilled personnel;

our ability to maintain or enter into new relationships with project partners and independent contractors;

the results of our exploration programs;

the market price for lithium;

our access to capital; and

our ability to enter into agreements for the sale of lithium.

 

We maynot be successful in upgrading our technical, operational, and administrative resources or increasing our internal resources sufficientlyto provide certain of the services currently provided by third parties, and we may not be able to maintain or enter into new relationshipswith project partners and independent contractors on financially attractive terms, if at all. Our inability to achieve or managegrowth may materially and adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition.

 

Risks Related to This Offeringand Ownership of Our Common Shares

 

Anactive trading market for our common shares may never develop or be sustained.

 

We haveapplied to list our common shares on Nasdaq. However, currently, in the United States, our common stock trades on the OTCQB. TheOTCQB is an inter-dealer, over-the-counter market that provides significantly less liquidity than other national or regional exchanges.Securities traded on the OTCQB are usually thinly traded, highly volatile, have fewer market makers and are not followed by analysts.The SEC’s order handling rules, which apply to NASDAQ-listed securities, do not apply to securities quoted on the OTCQB.Quotes for stocks listed on the OTCQB are not listed in newspapers. Therefore, prices for securities traded solely on the OTCQBmay be difficult to obtain and holders of our securities may be unable to resell their securities at or near their original acquisitionprice, or at any price.

 

We cannot predict at what prices ourcommon stock will trade and there can be no assurance that an active trading market will develop or be sustained. Commencing onDecember 12, 2011, our common stock began trading on the CSE. We have not developed other liquidity on this exchange, and we cannotguarantee that we will do so in the future. There is a significant liquidity risk associated with an investment in the Company.

 

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We cannotassure you that an active trading market for our common shares will develop on Nasdaq or elsewhere or, if developed, that anymarket will be sustained. Accordingly, we cannot assure you of the likelihood that an active trading market for our common shareswill develop or be maintained, the liquidity of any trading market, your ability to sell your shares of our common shares whendesired, or the prices that you may obtain for your common shares.

 

Themarket price of our common shares may fluctuate, and you could lose all or part of your investment.

 

After thisoffering, the market price for our common shares is likely to be volatile, in part because our shares have not been traded publiclyon Nasdaq. In addition, the market price of our common shares may fluctuate significantly in response to several factors, mostof which we cannot control, including:

 

actual or anticipated variations in our operating results;

increases in market interest rates that lead investors of our common shares to demand a higher investment return;

changes in earnings estimates;

changes in market valuations of similar companies;

actions or announcements by our competitors;

adverse market reaction to any increased indebtedness we may incur in the future;

additions or departures of key personnel;

actions by shareholders;

speculation in the media, online forums, or investments community and

our intentions and ability to list our common shares on the Nasdaq Capital Market and our subsequent ability to maintain such listing.

 

The publicoffering price of our common shares has been determined by negotiations between us and the underwriters based upon many factorsand may not be indicative of prices that will prevail following the closing of this offering. Volatility in the market price ofour common shares may prevent investors from being able to sell their common shares at or above the public offering price. Asa result, you may suffer a loss on your investment.

 

Theprice of our common shares could be subject to rapid and substantial volatility. Such volatility, including any stock run-ups,may be unrelated to our actual or expected operating performance and financial condition or prospects, making it difficult forprospective investors to assess the rapidly changing value of our common shares.

 

Therehave been instances of extreme stock price run-ups followed by rapid price declines and strong stock price volatility with recentinitial public offerings, especially among those with relatively smaller public floats. As a relatively small-capitalization companywith a relatively small public float, we may experience greater share price volatility, extreme price run-ups, lower trading volume,and less liquidity than large-capitalization companies. In particular, our common shares may be subject to rapid and substantialprice volatility, low volumes of trades, and large spreads in bid and ask prices. Such volatility, including any stock run-ups,may be unrelated to our actual or expected operating performance and financial condition or prospects, making it difficult forprospective investors to assess the rapidly changing value of our common shares.

 

Inaddition, if the trading volumes of our common shares are low, persons buying or selling in relatively small quantities may easilyinfluence the price of our common shares. This low volume of trades could also cause the price of our common shares to fluctuategreatly, with large percentage changes in price occurring in any trading day session. Holders of our common shares may also notbe able to readily liquidate their investment or may be forced to sell at depressed prices due to low volume trading. Broad marketfluctuations and general economic and political conditions may also adversely affect the market price of our common shares. Asa result of this volatility, investors may experience losses on their investment in our common shares. A decline in the marketprice of our common shares also could adversely affect our ability to issue additional common shares or other securities and ourability to obtain additional financing in the future. No assurance can be given that an active market in our common shares willdevelop or be sustained. If an active market does not develop, holders of our common shares may be unable to readily sell theshares they hold or may not be able to sell their shares at all.

 

Wemay not be able to satisfy listing requirements of the Nasdaq Capital Market or obtain or maintain a listing of our common shares.

 

If our commonshares are listed on the Nasdaq Capital Market, we must meet certain financial and liquidity criteria to maintain such listing.If we violate Nasdaq listing requirements, our common shares may be delisted. If we fail to meet any of Nasdaq’s listingstandards, our common shares may be delisted. In addition, our board of directors may determine that the cost of maintaining ourlisting on Nasdaq outweighs the benefits of such listing. A delisting of our common shares may materially impair our shareholders’ability to buy and sell our common shares and could have an adverse effect on the market price of, and the efficiency of the tradingmarket for, our common shares. The delisting of our common shares could significantly impair our ability to raise capital andthe value of your investment.

 

Wehave considerable discretion as to the use of the net proceeds from this offering and we may use these proceeds in ways with whichyou may not agree.

 

The proceeds from this offering areto be used for resource development activities, technical studies and reports, general corporate purposes, and general businessexpenses. However, we have considerable discretion in the application of the proceeds. You will not have the opportunity, as partof your investment decision, to assess whether the proceeds are being used appropriately. You must rely on the judgment of ourmanagement regarding the application of the net proceeds of this offering. The net proceeds may be used for corporate or otherpurposes with which you do not agree or that do not improve our profitability or increase our share price. The net proceeds fromthis offering may also be placed in investments that do not produce income or that lose value. Please see “Use of Proceeds”below for more information.

 

You will experience immediate and substantial dilution because of this offering.

 

As of December 31, 2022, our net tangiblebook value was approximately $(2,800,000) (US$(2,069,200), or approximately $(0.01) (US$(0.01)) per share. Since the effectiveprice per share of our common shares being offered in this offering is substantially higher than the net tangible book value pershare, you will suffer substantial dilution with respect to the net tangible book value of the common shares you purchase in thisoffering. Based on the assumed public offering price of US$ per share being sold in this offering forth on the cover page of thisprospectus, and our net tangible book value per share as of December 31, 2022, if you purchase shares in this offering, you willsuffer immediate and substantial dilution of US$ per share (or US$ per share if the underwriters exercise the over-allotment optionin full) with respect to the net tangible book value of the common shares. See the section titled “Dilution”for a more detailed discussion of the dilution you will incur if you purchase shares in this offering.

 

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Wedo not expect to declare or pay dividends in the foreseeable future.

 

We do notexpect to declare or pay dividends in the foreseeable future as we anticipate that all cash will be used to grow our business.Therefore, holders of our common shares will not receive any return on their investment unless they sell their securities, andholders may be unable to sell their securities on favorable terms or at all.

 

Ifsecurities industry analysts do not publish research reports on us, or publish unfavorable reports on us, then the market priceand market trading volume of our common shares could be negatively affected.

 

Any tradingmarket for our common shares may be influenced in part by any research reports that securities industry analysts publish aboutus. We do not currently have and may never obtain research coverage by securities industry analysts. If no securities industryanalysts commence coverage of us, the market price and market trading volume of our common shares could be negatively affected.In the event we are covered by analysts, and one or more of such analysts downgrade our shares, or otherwise reports on us unfavorably,or discontinues coverage of us, the market price and market trading volume of our common shares could be negatively affected.

 

Thesale of shares by our directors and senior officers may adversely affect the market price for our shares.

 

Sales ofsignificant amounts of common shares held by our senior officers and directors, or the prospect of these sales, could adverselyaffect the market price of our common shares. Management’s stock ownership may discourage a potential acquirer from makinga tender offer or otherwise attempting to obtain control of us, which in turn could reduce our stock price or prevent our shareholdersfrom realizing a premium over our stock price.

 

Ourcommon shares may be traded infrequently and in low volumes, which may negatively affect the ability to sell shares.

 

Our commonshares may trade infrequently and in low volumes, meaning that the number of persons interested in purchasing our common sharesat or near bid prices at any given time may be relatively small or non-existent. This situation may be attributable to a numberof factors, including the fact that we are a small company that is relatively unknown to stock analysts, stock brokers, institutionalinvestors and others in the investment community who can generate or influence sales volume, and that even if we came to the attentionof such institutionally oriented persons, they tend to be risk-averse in this environment and would be reluctant to follow anearly stage company such as ours or purchase or recommend the purchase of our shares until such time as we became more advancedand viable. Consequently, there may be periods of several days or more when trading activity in our shares is minimal or non-existent,as compared to a seasoned issuer which has a large and steady volume of trading activity that will generally support continuoussales without an adverse effect on share price. We cannot give you any assurance that a broader or more active public tradingmarket for our common shares will develop or be sustained. Due to these conditions, we can give you no assurance that you willbe able to sell your shares at or near bid prices or at all if you need money or otherwise desire to liquidate your shares. Further,institutional and other investors may have investment guidelines that restrict or prohibit investing in securities traded in theover-the-counter market. These factors may have an adverse impact on the trading and price of our securities and could resultin the loss by investors of all or part of their investment.

 

Youmay experience difficulties in effecting service of legal process, enforcing foreign judgments or bringing actions against usor our management named in the prospectus based on foreign laws.

 

We are incorporatedin the Province of British Columbia, Canada under The Corporations Act (British Columbia). We conduct our operations outside theUnited States and substantially all of our assets are located outside the United States. In addition, many of our directors andexecutive officers and the experts named in this prospectus reside outside the United States, and a significant amount of theirassets are located outside the United States. As a result, service of process upon such persons may be difficult or impossibleto effect within the United States. Furthermore, because a substantial portion of our assets, and substantially all the assetsof our directors and officers and the Canadian experts named herein, are located outside of the United States, any judgment obtainedin the United States, including a judgment based upon the civil liability provisions of United States federal securities laws,against us or any of such persons may not be collectible within the United States. In Canada, provincial and territorial reciprocalenforcement of judgments legislation sets out the procedure for registering foreign judgments and this procedure varies dependingon the province or territory of the enforcing court. If a foreign judgment originates from a jurisdiction not captured by theapplicable provincial or territorial reciprocal enforcement of judgments or enforcement of foreign judgments legislation, theforeign judgment may be capable of enforcement at common law and the party seeking to enforce the foreign judgment must commencenew proceedings in the domestic or enforcing court. For more information regarding the relevant laws of Canada, see “Enforceabilityof Civil Liabilities.”

 

Weare a foreign private issuer within the meaning of the rules under the Exchange Act, and as such we are exempt from certain provisionsapplicable to U.S. domestic public companies.

 

Becausewe qualify as a foreign private issuer under the Exchange Act, we are exempt from certain provisions of the securities rules andregulations in the United States that are applicable to U.S. domestic issuers, including:

 

  the rules under the Exchange Act requiring the filing with the SEC of quarterly reports on Form 10-Q or current reports on Form 8-K;
  the sections of the Exchange Act regulating the solicitation of proxies, consents, or authorizations in respect of a security registered under the Exchange Act;

 

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  the sections of the Exchange Act requiring insiders to file public reports of their stock ownership and trading activities and liability for insiders who profit from trades made in a short period of time; and
  the selective disclosure rules by issuers of material nonpublic information under Regulation FD.

 

Upon thecompletion of this offering, we will be required to file an annual report on Form 20-F within four months of the end of each fiscalyear. In addition, we intend to publish our results on a quarterly basis as press releases, distributed pursuant to the rulesand regulations of Nasdaq Press releases relating to financial results. Material events will also be furnished to the SEC on Form6-K. However, the information we are required to file with or furnish to the SEC will be less extensive and less timely comparedto that required to be filed with the SEC by U.S. domestic issuers. As a result, you may not be afforded the same protectionsor information that would be made available to you were you investing in a U.S. domestic issuer.

 

Asa foreign private issuer, we are permitted to rely on exemptions from certain Nasdaq corporate governance standards applicableto domestic U.S. issuers. This may afford less protection to holders of our shares.

 

We are exemptedfrom certain corporate governance requirements of Nasdaq by virtue of being a foreign private issuer. As a foreign private issuer,we are permitted to follow the governance practices of our home country in lieu of certain corporate governance requirements ofNasdaq. As result, the standards applicable to us are considerably different than the standards applied to domestic U.S. issuers.For instance, we are not required to:

 

  have a majority of the board be independent (although all of the members of the audit committee must be independent under the Exchange Act);
  have a compensation committee and a nominating committee to be comprised solely of “independent directors”; or
  hold an annual meeting of shareholders no later than one year after the end of our fiscal year.

 

Althoughwe do not currently intend to rely on these “home country” exemptions, we may rely on some of these exemptions inthe future. As a result, our shareholders may not be provided with the benefits of certain corporate governance requirements ofNasdaq.

 

Wemay lose our foreign private issuer status in the future, which could result in significant additional costs and expenses.

 

As discussedabove, we are a foreign private issuer, and therefore, we are not required to comply with all the periodic disclosure and currentreporting requirements of the Exchange Act. The determination of foreign private issuer status is made annually on the last businessday of an issuer’s most recently completed second fiscal quarter, and, accordingly, the next determination will be madewith respect to us on June 30, 2023.

 

In thefuture, we would lose our foreign private issuer status if, among others, (1) more than 50% of our outstanding voting securities,which we intend to determine based on the voting power of our common shares and high voting shares on a combined basis are directlyor indirectly held of record by U.S. residents and (2) a majority of our directors or executive officers are U.S. citizens orresidents, more than 50% of our assets are located in the United States or our business is administered principally in the UnitedStates. If we lose our foreign private issuer status, we will be required to file with the SEC periodic reports and registrationstatements on U.S. domestic issuer forms including consolidated financial statements prepared under US GAAP, and which are moredetailed and extensive than the forms available to a foreign private issuer. We will also have to mandatorily comply with U.S.federal proxy requirements, and our officers, directors and principal shareholders will become subject to the short-swing profitdisclosure and recovery provisions of Section 16 of the Exchange Act. In addition, we will lose our ability to rely upon exemptionsfrom certain corporate governance requirements under the listing rules of Nasdaq. As a U.S. listed public company that is nota foreign private issuer, we would incur significant additional legal, accounting and other expenses that we would not incur asa foreign private issuer. These expenses would relate to, among other things, the obligation to present our financial informationin accordance with U.S. GAAP in the future. Additionally, a loss of our foreign private issuer status would divert our management’sattention from other business concerns, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, resultsof operations and prospects.

 

Futureissuances of our common shares or securities convertible into, or exercisable or exchangeable for, our common shares, or the expirationof lock-up agreements that restrict the issuance of new common shares or the trading of outstanding common shares, could causethe market price of our common shares to decline and would result in the dilution of your holdings.

 

Futureissuances of our common shares or securities convertible into, or exercisable or exchangeable for, our common shares, or the expirationof lock-up agreements that restrict the issuance of new common shares or the trading of outstanding common shares, could causethe market price of our common shares to decline. We cannot predict the effect, if any, of future issuances of our securities,or the future expirations of lock-up agreements, on the price of our common shares. In all events, future issuances of our commonshares would result in the dilution of your holdings. In addition, the perception that new issuances of our securities could occur,or the perception that locked-up parties will sell their securities when the lockups expire, could adversely affect the marketprice of our common shares. In connection with this offering, we will enter into a lock-up agreement that prevents us, subjectto certain exceptions, from offering additional shares for up to 180 days after the closing of this offering, as further describedin the section titled “Underwriting.” In addition to any adverse effects that may arise upon the expirationof these lock-up agreements, the lock-up provisions in these agreements may be waived, at any time and without notice. If therestrictions under the lock-up agreements are waived, our common shares may become available for resale, subject to applicablelaw, including without notice, which could reduce the market price for our common shares.

 

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Futureissuances of debt securities, which would rank senior to our common shares upon our bankruptcy or liquidation, and future issuancesof preferred shares, which could rank senior to our common shares for the purposes of dividends and liquidating distributions,may adversely affect the level of return you may be able to achieve from an investment in our common shares.

 

In the future,we may attempt to increase our capital resources by offering debt securities. Upon bankruptcy or liquidation, holders of our debtsecurities, and lenders with respect to other borrowings we may make, would receive distributions of our available assets priorto any distributions being made to holders of our common shares. Moreover, if we issue preferred shares, the holders of such preferredshares could be entitled to preferences over holders of common shares in respect of the payment of dividends and the payment ofliquidating distributions. Because our decision to issue debt or preferred shares in any future offering, or borrow money fromlenders, will depend in part on market conditions and other factors beyond our control, we cannot predict or estimate the amount,timing or nature of any such future offerings or borrowings. Holders of our common shares must bear the risk that any future offeringswe conduct or borrowings we make may adversely affect the level of return, if any, they may be able to achieve from an investmentin our common shares.

 

We expectto be a “passive foreign investment company”, which may have adverse U.S. federal income tax consequences for U.S.investors.

 

We believewe were a “passive foreign investment company” (a “PFIC”) within the meaning of Section 1297 of the U.S.Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”) for our most recently completed taxable year and based on thenature of our business, the projected composition of our gross income and the projected composition and estimated fair market valuesof our assets, we expect to be a PFIC for our current taxable year and may be a PFIC in subsequent tax years. If we are a PFICfor any year during a U.S. taxpayer’s holding period of common shares, then such U.S. taxpayer generally will be requiredto treat any gain realized upon a disposition of the common shares or any so-called ‘‘excess distribution’’received on its common shares as ordinary income, and to pay an interest charge on a portion of such gain or distribution. In certaincircumstances, the sum of the tax and the interest charge may exceed the total amount of proceeds realized on the disposition,or the amount of excess distribution received, by the U.S. taxpayer. Subject to certain limitations, these tax consequences maybe mitigated if a U.S. taxpayer makes a timely and effective QEF Election (as defined below) or a Mark-to-Market Election (as definedbelow). U.S. taxpayers should be aware that there can be no assurances that we will satisfy the record keeping requirements thatapply to a QEF (as defined below), or that we will supply U.S. taxpayers with information that such U.S. taxpayers are requiredto report under the QEF rules, in the event that we are a PFIC. Thus, U.S. Holders may not be able to make a QEF Election withrespect to their common shares. A U.S. taxpayer who makes a Mark-to-Market Election generally must include as ordinary income eachyear the excess of the fair market value of the common shares over the taxpayer’s basis therein. This paragraph is qualifiedin its entirety by the discussion above under the heading “Material United States and Canadian Income Tax Considerations— U.S. Federal Income Taxation Considerations — Passive Foreign Investment Company Rules.” Each potentialinvestor who is a U.S. taxpayer should consult its own tax advisor regarding the tax consequences of the PFIC rules and the acquisition,ownership, and disposition of the common shares.

 

Proposedlegislation in the U.S. Congress, including changes in U.S. tax law, and the Inflation Reduction Act of 2022 may adversely impactus and the value of the common shares.

 

Changes to U.S. tax laws (which changesmay have retroactive application) could adversely affect us or holders of the common shares. In recent years, many changes to U.S.federal income tax laws have been proposed and made, and additional changes to U.S. federal income tax laws are likely to continueto occur in the future.

 

The U.S. Congress is currently consideringnumerous items of legislation which may be enacted prospectively or with retroactive effect, which legislation could adverselyimpact our financial performance and the value of the common shares. Additionally, states in which we operate or own assets mayimpose new or increased taxes. If enacted, most of the proposals would be effective for the current or later years. The proposedlegislation remains subject to change, and its impact on us and purchasers of the common shares is uncertain.

 

In addition, the Inflation ReductionAct of 2022 includes provisions that will impact the U.S. federal income taxation of corporations. Among other items, this legislationincludes provisions that will impose a minimum tax on the book income of certain large corporations and an excise tax on certaincorporate stock repurchases that would be imposed on the corporation repurchasing such stock. It is unclear how this legislationwill be implemented by the U.S. Department of the Treasury and we cannot predict how this legislation or any future changes intax laws might affect us or purchasers of the common shares.

 

Weare an “emerging growth company,” and we cannot be certain if the reduced reporting requirements applicable to emerginggrowth companies will make our common shares less attractive to investors.

 

Uponthe completion of this offering, we will qualify as an “emerging growth company” under the JOBS Act. As a result,we will be permitted to, and intend to, rely on exemptions from certain disclosure requirements. These provisions includeexemption from the auditor attestation requirement under Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 in the assessment ofthe emerging growth company’s internal control over financial reporting. In addition, Section 107 of the JOBS Act alsoprovides that an emerging growth company can take advantage of the extended transition period provided in Section 7(a)(2)(B)of the Securities Act for complying with new or revised accounting standards. In other words, an emerging growth company candelay the adoption of certain accounting standards until those standards would otherwise apply to private companies. We haveelected to take advantage of the benefits of this extended transition period. Our consolidated financial statements maytherefore not be comparable to those of companies that comply with such new or revised accounting standards.

 

We willremain an emerging growth company until the earliest of (i) the last day of the fiscal year during which we have total annualgross revenues of at least US$1.235 billion; (ii) the last dayof our fiscal year following the fifth anniversary of the completion of this offering; (iii) the date on which we have, duringthe preceding three year period, issued more than US$1.0 billion in non-convertible debt; or (iv) the date on which we are deemedto be a “large accelerated filer” under the Exchange Act, which could occur if the market value of our common sharesthat are held by non-affiliates exceeds US$700 million as of the last business day of our most recently completed second fiscalquarter. Once we cease to be an emerging growth company, we will not be entitled to the exemptions provided in the JOBS Act discussedabove.

 

Becausewe will be subject to ongoing public reporting requirements that are less rigorous than Exchange Act rules for companies thatare not emerging growth companies, our shareholders could receive less information than they might expect to receive from moremature public companies. We cannot predict if investors will find our common shares less attractive if we elect to rely on theseexemptions, or if taking advantage of these exemptions would result in less active trading or more volatility in the price ofour common shares.

 

There may be deficiencies with our internal controlsthat require improvements, and if we are unable to adequately evaluate internal controls, we may be subject to sanctions by theSEC.

 

We are exposed to potential risks fromlegislation requiring companies to evaluate internal controls under Section 404A of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. As a smallerreporting company and emerging growth company, we will not be required to provide a report on the effectiveness of our internalcontrols over financial reporting until our second annual report, and we will be exempt from the auditor attestation requirementsconcerning any such report so long as we are an emerging growth company or a smaller reporting company. We have not yet evaluatedwhether our internal control procedures are effective and therefore there is a greater likelihood of undiscovered errors in ourinternal controls or reported financial statements as compared to issuers that have conducted such evaluations. If we are not ableto meet the requirements of Section 404a in a timely manner or with adequate compliance, we might be subject to sanctions or investigationby regulatory authorities, such as the SEC.

 

28

 

 

SPECIALNOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

 

This prospectuscontains forward-looking statements that are based on our management’s beliefs and assumptions and on information currentlyavailable to us. All statements other than statements of historical facts are forward-looking statements. The forward-lookingstatements are contained principally in, but not limited to, the sections entitled “Prospectus Summary,” “RiskFactors,” “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations”and “Business.” These statements relate to future events or to our future financial performance and involveknown and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause our actual results, levels of activity, performance orachievements to be materially different from any future results, levels of activity, performance or achievements expressed orimplied by these forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, statements about:

 

  our goals and strategies;
  expectations regarding revenue, expenses and operations;
  our having sufficient working capital and be able to secure additional funding necessary for the continued exploration of our property interests;
  expectations regarding the potential mineralization, geological merit and economic feasibility of our projects;
  expectations regarding exploration results at the Lithium Lane Properties;
  mineral exploration and exploration program cost estimates;
  expectations regarding any environmental issues that may affect planned or future exploration programs and the potential impact of complying with existing and proposed environmental laws and regulations;
  receipt and timing of exploration permits and other third-party approvals;
  government regulation of mineral exploration and development operations;
  expectations regarding any social or local community issues that may affected planned or future exploration and development programs; and
  key personnel continuing their employment with us.

 

In somecases, you can identify forward-looking statements by terms such as “may,” “could,” “will,”“should,” “would,” “expect,” “plan,” “intend,” “anticipate,”“believe,” “estimate,” “predict,” “potential,” “project” or “continue”or the negative of these terms or other comparable terminology. These statements are only predictions. You should not place unduereliance on forward-looking statements because they involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties, and other factors, which are,in some cases, beyond our control and which could materially affect results. Factors that may cause actual results to differ materiallyfrom current expectations include, among other things, those listed under the heading “Risk Factors” and elsewherein this prospectus. If one or more of these risks or uncertainties occur, or if our underlying assumptions prove to be incorrect,actual events or results may vary significantly from those implied or projected by the forward-looking statements. No forward-lookingstatement is a guarantee of future performance.

 

This prospectusalso contains certain data and information, which we obtained from various government and private publications. Although we believethat the publications and reports are reliable, we have not independently verified the data. Statistical data in these publicationsincludes projections that are based on several assumptions. If any one or more of the assumptions underlying the market data islater found to be incorrect, actual results may differ from the projections based on these assumptions.

 

The forward-lookingstatements made in this prospectus relate only to events or information as of the date on which the statements are made in thisprospectus. Although we will become a public company after this offering and have ongoing disclosure obligations under UnitedStates federal securities laws, we do not intend to update or otherwise revise the forward-looking statements in this prospectus,whether because of new information, future events or otherwise.

 

29

 

USEOF PROCEEDS

 

Afterdeducting the estimated underwriters’ discounts andoffering expenses payable by us, we expect to receive net proceeds of approximately US$              from this offering (or approximately US$               ifthe underwriters exercise the over-allotment option in full), based on an assumed public offering price of US$              per share set forth on the cover page of this prospectus.

 

We planto use the net proceeds of this offering as follows:

 

  ‌62% of the net proceeds (approximately US$‌4.985 million) for resource development activities such as drilling‌ and soil sampling‌ on our properties;
     
  0.03% of the net proceeds (approximately US$0.25 million) for project acquisitions and potential project acquisitions;
     
  ‌23% of the net proceeds (approximately US$‌1.85 million) for general corporate purposes such as salaries, accounting transfer agents, public company fees, audit fees travel, or other.
     
  ‌15% of the net proceeds (approximately US$‌1.2 million) for general business expenses. This would include items such as environmental, sustainability and governance (ESG) initiatives, and marketing and promotional efforts.

 

EachUS$1.00 increase or decrease in the assumed public offering price of US$              per share, which is the midpoint of the estimated offering price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, would increasethe net proceeds that we receive from this offering by approximately US$               ,assuming that the number of shares offered by us, as set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, remains the same and afterdeducting the estimated underwriting discounts and non-accountable expenseallowance payable by us.

 

The foregoingrepresents our current intentions to use and allocate the net proceeds of this offering based upon our present plans and businessconditions. Our management, however, will have broad discretion in the way that we use the net proceeds of this offering. Pendingthe final application of the net proceeds of this offering, we intend to invest the net proceeds of this offering in short-term,interest-bearing, investment-grade securities. See “Risk Factors—Risks Related to This Offering and Ownership ofOur Common Shares—We have considerable discretion as to the use of the net proceeds from this offering and we may use theseproceeds in ways with which you may not agree.”

 

Pendingour use of the net proceeds from this offering, we may invest the net proceeds in a variety of capital preservation investments,including short-term, investment grade, interest bearing instruments and U.S. government securities.

 

30

 

 

DIVIDENDPOLICY

 

We havenever declared or paid cash dividends on our common shares. We currently intend to retain all available funds and any future earningsfor use in our exploration business and do not anticipate paying any cash dividends on our common shares soon. We may also enterinto credit agreements or other borrowing arrangements in the future that will restrict our ability to declare or pay cash dividendson our common shares. Any future determination to declare dividends will be made at the discretion of our board of directors andwill depend on our financial condition, operating results, capital requirements, contractual restrictions, general business conditionsand other factors that our board of directors may deem relevant. Further, under the terms of the BCBCA, we are prohibited fromdeclaring or paying a dividend if our board has reasonable grounds for believing that we are, or would after the payment be, unableto pay our liabilities as they become due, or the realizable value of our assets would thereby be less than the aggregate of ourliabilities and stated capital. See also “Risk Factors— RisksRelated to This Offering and Ownership of Our Common SharesWe do not expectto declare or pay dividends in the foreseeable future.”

 

31

 

 

CAPITALIZATION

 

The followingtable sets forth our cash and capitalization as of December 31, 2022:

 

  on an actual basis; and
  on a pro forma  adjusted basis to reflect the sale of           common shares by us in this offering at an assumed price to the public of US$      per share set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, resulting in net proceeds to us of US$      million after deducting (i) underwriter discounts of US$         ; (ii) non-accountable expense allowance of           , and (iii) our estimated other offering expenses of US$        .

 

Thepro forma information below is illustrative only and our capitalization following the completion of this offering is subjectto adjustment based on the public offering price of our common shares and other terms of this offering determined at pricing.You should read this table together with our consolidated financial statements and the related notes included elsewhere inthis prospectus and the information under “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition andResults of Operations.”

 

    ‌December 31, 2022     As adjusted  
    $     US$     $     US$  
Cash   $ ‌2,312,446       ‌1,708,898                  
Total liabilities     ‌2,841,312       2,099,730                  
Shareholders’ equity:                                
Capital Stock     ‌26,394,531       ‌19,505,563                  
Reserves     ‌2,798,408       2,068,024                  
Deficit     ‌(18,503,615 )     ‌(13,674,175 )                
Total shareholder’s equity     ‌10,689,324       ‌7,899,412                  
Total capitalization     ‌13,530,636       9,999,142                  

  

If theunderwriters exercise the over-allotment option in full, each of our as adjusted cash, share capital, totalshareholders’ equity and total capitalization would be US$          , US$         , US$          , US$          , respectively.

 

Each US$1.00increase or decrease in the assumed offering price per share of US$          , assuming no change in the number of shares to be sold, wouldincrease or decrease the net proceeds that we receive in this offering and each of total shareholders’ equity and totalcapitalization by approximately US$          and US          , respectively, if the underwriters exercise the over-allotment option in full), afterdeducting (i) estimated underwriter discounts, (ii) non-accountable expense allowance of          and (iii) offering expenses, in eachcase, payable by us.

 

The tableabove excludes the following shares:

 

16,315,000 common shares issuable upon the exercise of outstanding options under our Stock Option Plan (2021) at a weighted average exercise price of $0.24 (approximately US$0.18) per share;
1,488,235 common shares issuable upon the exercise of outstanding warrants at a weighted average exercise price of $‌0.144 (approximately US$‌0.1064) per share; and
up to         common shares issuable upon exercise of the representative’s warrants issued in connection with this offering.

 

32

 

 

DILUTION

 

If you investin our common shares, your interest will be diluted to the extent of the difference between the public offering price per commonshare and our net tangible book value per common share after this offering. Dilution results from the fact that the assumed publicoffering price per common share is substantially in excess of the net tangible book value per common share attributable to theexisting shareholders for our presently outstanding common shares.

 

Our net tangible book valuewas approximately $(2,800,000) US$((2,069,200)), or approximately $(0.01) (US$(0.01)) per common share, as of December 31, 2022 basedon the number of common shares outstanding as of that date. Our net tangible book value represents the amount of our total consolidatedtangible assets, less the amount of our total consolidated liabilities. Dilution is determined by subtracting net tangible bookvalue per share after giving effect to this offering.

 

Aftergiving effect to our sale of          common shares in this offering at an assumedpublic offering price of US$          per share, which is the midpoint of the estimatedoffering price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, and after deducting the estimated underwriting discounts,non-accountable expense allowance and estimated offering expenses, our pro forma as adjusted net tangible book value as of June30, 2022 would have been approximately US$          , or approximately US$         per share. This amount represents an immediate increase in pro forma net tangible book value of US$         per share to existing shareholders and an immediate dilution in pro forma net tangible book value of US$         per share to purchasers of our common shares in this offering, as illustrated in the following table.

 

Assumed public offering price per common share   US$      
Net tangible book value per common share at December 31, 2022   US$     (0.01 )
Pro forma net tangible book value per common share after this offering   US$        
Increase in net tangible book value per common share to the existing shareholders   US$        
Dilution in net tangible book value per common share to new investors in this offering   US$        

 

If the underwritersexercise their over-allotment option in full, the pro forma as adjusted net tangible book value per common share, as adjustedto give effect to this offering, would be US$          per share, and the dilution in pro forma net tangible book value per share to newinvestors purchasing common shares in this offering would be US$          per share.

 

A $1.00increase (decrease) in the assumed public offering price of US$          per share, which is the midpoint of the estimated offering pricerange set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, would increase (decrease) our pro forma net tangible book value after givingeffect to the offering by US$          , the net tangible book value per common share after giving effect to this offering by US$          per commonshare and the dilution in net tangible book value per common share to new investors in this offering by US$          per common share,assuming no change to the number of common shares offered by us as set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, no exerciseof over-allotment option and after deducting underwriting discounts, non-accountable expense allowance and estimated offeringexpenses payable by us.

 

The proforma information discussed above is illustrative only. Our net tangible book value following the completion of this offeringis subject to adjustment based on the actual public offering price of our common shares and other terms of this offering determinedat pricing.

 

The following table summarizes the differencesbetween our existing shareholders and the new investors with respect to the number of common shares purchased from us in this offering,the total consideration paid and the average price per common share paid at an assumed public offering price of US$ per share,which is the midpoint of the estimated offering price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, and before deductingestimated underwriting discounts, non-accountable expense allowance and estimated offering expenses (assuming no exercise of theover-allotment option). As the table shows, new investors purchasing shares in this offering may in certain circumstances pay anaverage price per share substantially higher than the average price per share paid by our existing shareholders.

 

   

SharePurchased 

(post-consolidation) 

    Total Consideration     Average
    Number     %     Amount   %     Price Per Share
Existing shareholders                   US$               %   US$        
New investors                   US$               %   US$        
Total                   US$               %   US$        

  

The tables above exclude the followingshares:

 

11,315,000 common shares issuable upon the exercise of outstanding options under our Stock Option Plan (2021) at a weighted average exercise price of C$‌0.216 (approximately US$‌0.160) per share.

1,488,235 common shares issuable upon the exercise of outstanding warrants at a weighted average exercise price of C$‌0.144 (approximately US$‌0.106) per share; and
up to        common shares issuable upon exercise of the representative’s warrants issued in connection with this offering.

  

33

 

 

MANAGEMENT’SDISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL
CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

 

The following discussion and analysissummarize the significant factors affecting our operating results, financial condition, liquidity and cash flows of our companyas of and for the periods presented below. The following discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with our consolidatedfinancial statements and the related notes thereto included elsewhere in this prospectus. The discussion contains forward-lookingstatements that are based on the beliefs of management, as well as assumptions made by, and information currently available to,our management. Actual results could differ materially from those discussed in or implied by forward-looking statements becauseof various factors, including those discussed below and elsewhere in this prospectus, particularly in the sections titled “RiskFactors” and “Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Statements.”

 

The consolidated financial statementsfor the years ended March 31, 2022, and 2021 and for the three months ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 are prepared pursuant toIFRS and in accordance with the standards of the U.S. Public Company Accounting Oversight Board. As permitted by the rules ofthe SEC for foreign private issuers, we do not reconcile our consolidated financial statements to U.S. generally accepted accountingprinciples.

 

This management’s discussionand analysis of financial condition and results of operations (“MD&A”) was prepared as of December 31, 2022 andshould be read in conjunction with the unaudited condensed interim consolidated financial statements of Foremost Lithium Resource& Technology Ltd. for the period ended December 31, 2022 with the related notes thereto. The condensed interim consolidatedfinancial statements have been prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRS”).

 

Allfigures are in Canadian dollars, unless otherwise noted.

 

Overview

 

We are anexploration stage company engaged in lithium exploration in the Province of Manitoba, Canada focused and committed to become oneof the first North American companies to produce SC6 used to produce high quality battery-grade LiOH. LiOH is a strategic batterymineral mainly consumed in the production of cathode materials for Li-ion batteries. Li-ion batteries power the daily use of consumerelectronics, enable electrification of the transportation sector, and provide stationary grid storage, critical to developinga clean-energy economy.

 

Overall Performance

 

  I. Principal business and corporate history

 

Foremost Lithium Resource & TechnologyLtd. (formerly FAR Resources Ltd.) was incorporated under the BCBCA on July 7, 2005 (Number: BC0729352). The Company changed itsname to Foremost Lithium Resource & Technology Ltd. on January 4, 2022. The Company currently has two wholly owned subsidiaries,Sequoia Gold & Silver Ltd., a British Columbia Company (“Sequoia”), and Sierra Gold & Silver Ltd, a New Mexicocompany (“Sierra”). Sequoia is inactive and has no assets. Sierra holds the Company’s Winston property in NewMexico, USA.

 

Our corporateaddress is Suite 2500 - 700 West Georgia Street, Vancouver, British Columbia V7Y 1B3 Canada. Our company email address is info@foremostlithium.com.Our registered office is located at Suite 2500 - 700 West Georgia Street, Vancouver, British Columbia V7Y 1B3 Canada. Our agentfor service of process in the United States is Cogency Global Inc., located at 122 East 42nd Street, 18th Floor, NewYork, N.Y. 10168.

 

Our primaryfocus is currently conducting exploration for lithium at our Lithium Lane Properties. Our objective is to develop a world-classlithium mine in the mining friendly Canadian province of Manitoba and to provide SC6 to LiOH producers in North America, strategicallylocated to supply the U.S. “Auto Alley” and the European battery market via our nearby access to the Hudson Bay Railwayand the Port of Churchill. With our commitment to the environment, corporate social responsibility, and sustainability, we aimin the longer term to derive substantial revenues from the sale of SC6 to LiOH producers that sell to the growing electric vehicleand stationery (e.g., residential, utility and industrial) battery storage markets in the U.S. and abroad. With access to renewableenergy produced in Manitoba, we expect to supply lithium processed exclusively with the benefit of power produced from fully sustainable,local sources.

 

RecentDevelopments

 

LittleGranite 

Our Company successfully negotiatedthe final cash payment required to exercise its option on the Little Granite Claims in October 2022 from $380,000USD to $75,000USDwhich has was satisfied through the issuance of a non-interest-bearing promissory note to an arm’s length vendor. An initial $25,000USDpayment was made on October 15, 2022 and the final two $25,000USD payments are due on April 15, 2023 and October 15, 2023. Followingthese amendments, Foremost Lithium has acquired The Little Granite Property for an aggregate consideration of $186,000USD, versusaggregate consideration of $434,000USD under the original terms.

 

HiddenLake

ForemostLithium completed the sale of its 60% interest in the Hidden Lake Project in Yellowknife, NWT for $3.5 million cash to YoussaPTY Ltd., to an Australian private company on December 1, 2022. The transaction was completed pursuant to the terms and conditionsof the signed and binding term sheet entered between the parties, previously signed on November 7, 2022. The Hidden Lake Projectthat was purchased from our company consists of five contiguous mineral claims, with at least 10 lithium-bearing spodumene pegmatitedykes across 4,100 acres situated in the prolific Yellowknife Pegmatite District NWT.

 

Emerging Growth Company

 

Uponthe completion of this offering, we will qualify as an “emerging growth company” under the JOBS Act. As a result,we will be permitted to, and intend to, rely on exemptions from certain disclosure requirements. These provisions includeexemption from the auditor attestation requirement under Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 in the assessment ofthe emerging growth company’s internal control over financial reporting. In addition, Section 107 of the JOBS Act alsoprovides that an emerging growth company can take advantage of the extended transition period provided in Section 7(a)(2)(B)of the Securities Act for complying with new or revised accounting standards. In other words, an emerging growth company candelay the adoption of certain accounting standards until those standards would otherwise apply to private companies. We haveelected to take advantage of the benefits of this extended transition period. Our consolidated financial statements maytherefore not be comparable to those of companies that comply with such new or revised accounting standards.

 

34

 

 

We willremain an emerging growth company until the earliest of (i) the last day of the fiscal year during which we have total annualgross revenues of at least US$1.235 billion; (ii) the last day of our fiscal year following the fifth anniversary of the completionof this offering; (iii) the date on which we have, during the preceding three year period, issued more than US$1.0 billion innon-convertible debt; or (iv) the date on which we are deemed to be a “large accelerated filer” under the ExchangeAct, which could occur if the market value of our common shares that are held by non-affiliates exceeds US$700 million as of thelast business day of our most recently completed second fiscal quarter. Once we cease to be an emerging growth company, we willnot be entitled to the exemptions provided in the JOBS Act discussed above.

 

Results of Operations

 

Comparisonof the year ended March 31, 2022, and 2021

 

During the year ended March31, 2022, the Company earned no revenue and had a comprehensive loss of $4,150,922 (US$3,667,532) compared to $2,612,308 (US$1,708,796)for the year ended March 31, 2021.

 

Total expenses for the yearended March 31, 2022, were $4,073,745 (US$3,010,498) compared to $2,627,643 (US$1,941,829) for the corresponding year ended March31, 2021.

 

The table below details the significantchanges in major expenditures from 2022 and 2021.

 

Expenses Year Ended
March 31, 2022
Year Ended
March 31, 2021

Explanation for Change

Increase / Decrease in Expenses

Consulting $219,743
(US$‌162,390)
$115,905
(US$‌85,654)
Increased due to increased business advisory services rendered in the current year.
Investor relations $267,376
(US$‌197,591)
$240,486
(US$‌177,719)
Increased due to increased IR activities
Management Fees $375,264
(US$‌277,320)
$73,000
(US$‌53,947)
Increased primarily due to amounts paid to the former CEO and CFO.
Office and interest expense $146,159
(US$‌108,012)
$202,175
(US$‌149,407)
Decreased due to interest expenses on the outstanding balance of accounts payable in the prior year.
Professional Fees $443,264
(US$‌327,572)

$178,630

(US$‌132,008)

Increased primarily due to an increase in legal fees relating to changes in management, name change and financing.

Share-based

payments

$2,482,219
(US$‌1,834,360)
$1,782,851
(US$‌1,317,527)
Increased due to more share options and PSU’s granted and vested during the current year.
Transfer agent and filing fees $85,914
(US$‌63,490)

$34,596

(US$‌25,566)

Increased due to more exploration and fundraising activities which resulted in higher filing fees incurred.
Travel $53,806
(US$‌39,763)
$— Increased due to increased travel during the current year.

  

During theyear ended March 31, 2022, the Company recorded loss resulting from forgiveness of debt of $93,658 (US$69,213) compared to $Nilfor the corresponding year ending March 31, 2021. The increase was due to the Company reaching a settlement agreement with a vendorregarding an outstanding balance during the current year.

 

The Companyincurred $Nil unrealized loss on long-term investments during the year ended March 31, 2022, compared to $3,000 (US$2,217) forthe corresponding year ending March 31, 2021, related to the value of certain shares of Alchemist Mining Inc. being held by theCompany for investment purposes. See Note 4 of the Company’s Financial Statements accompanying this MD&A.

 

35

 

 

Summaryof Annual Results 

 

             
    2022     2021     2020  
Revenue   $     $     $  
Loss and comprehensive loss for the year     4,150,922
(US$‌3,067531)
      2,612,308
(US$‌1,930,496)
      2,269,968
(US$‌1,677,506)
 
Total assets (Note 1)     7,918,078
(US$‌5,851,461)
      6,924,574
(US$‌5,117,260)
      6,152,955
(US$‌4,547,035)
 

 

Note 1: During the year, managementdetermined that there was an error pertaining to exploration and evaluation and accounts payable and accrued liabilities. Thiserror was a result of the under accrual of option payments required on the Company’s Winston mineral property. The impactto increase assets compared to the previously reported submitted to the SEC on September 15, 2022, are: 2021: $231,555 (US$171,119);2020: $216,354 (US$159,886).

 

During the year ended March31, 2022, loss and comprehensive loss increased to $4,150,922 (US$3,067531) compared to $2,612,308 (US$1,930,496) for the yearended March 31, 2021. The increase was primarily due to increased personnel due to change in management and granting of optionsduring the current year. During the year ended March 31, 2022, total assets increased to $7,918,078 (US$5,851,461) compared to$6,924,574 (US$5,117,260) for the year ended March 31, 2021. The increase was primarily due to prepaid expenses and deposits atyear end due to timing and terms of payment and exploration expenditures incurred on all three properties the Company owns.

 

During the year ended March31, 2021, total assets increased to $6,924,574 (US$5,117,260) compared to $5,936,601 (US$4,387,148) for the year ended March 31,2020. The increase was primarily due to issuing of common shares pursuant to the completion of private placements and exerciseof options and warrants and acquisition costs, geological and consulting services incurred during the year at the Winston property.

 

Comparison of the nine monthsended December 31, 2022 and 2021

 

During the nine-month period endedDecember 31, 2022, the Company earned no revenue and had a comprehensive income of $634,626 (US$ 468,989), compared to a lossof $1,116,491 (US$825,086) for the corresponding period ended December 31, 2021.

 

Total expenses before other items for theperiod ended December 31, 2022, were $3,455,990 (US$2,553,977)compared to $1,212,979 (US$896,392) for the corresponding period ended December 31, 2021.

 

The table below details the significant changes in major expenditures from 2022 and2021.

 

Expenses Nine Month
Period Ended
‌December 31, 2022
Nine Month
Period Ended
‌December 31, 2021
Explanation for Change Increase / Decrease in Expenses
Consulting

$‌295,023

(US$‌218,023)

$142,801
(US$‌105,530)

Increased due to increased business advisory services rendered in the current period.
Investor ‌Relation

$147,989
(US$‌109,364)

‌$221,437
(US$163,784)
Decreased due to lower investor relations costs and activities
Office and interest expense

$160,535

(US$‌118,635)

$114,602

(US$‌84,691)

Increased due to interest expenses on the outstanding balance of accounts payable and loan payable in the ‌current period.

Professional Fees

$1,191,029

(US$‌880,171)

$206,660
(US$‌152,722)

Increased primarily due to an increase in legal fees relating to changes in management, name change and financing.
Share-based ‌$1,316,890
(US$973,181)
‌   $149,200
($110,259)
Increased due to more share options and PSU’s granted and ‌vesting through the current period.
Transfer agent and filing fees ‌$51,667
(US$38,182)
‌$44,618
(US$32,972)
‌Increased due to financing activities which resulted in higher filing fees incurred.
Travel ‌$22,288
($US16,471)
‌$20,282
(US$14,988)
Increased due to increased travel during the current period.

 

The Companyincurred $4,000 (US$2,956) unrealized loss on long-term during the period ended December 31, 2022 (March 31, 2022 - $Nil) comparedto $Nil for the corresponding nine months ended December 31, 2021, related to the value of certain shares of Alchemist MiningInc. being held by the Company for investment purposes. See Note 4 of the Company’s Financial Statements accompanying thisMD&A.

 

36

 

 

During the period ended December 31,2022, the Company completed the sale of its 60% interest in its Hidden Lake Project in Yellowknife, NWT to Youssa PTY Ltd., anAustralian private Company resulting in a gain on sale of property of $3,500,000 (US$2,586,500).

 

Comparison of the three months ended December 31, 2022,and 2021

 

During the three-month period endedDecember 31, 2022, the Company earned no revenue and had a comprehensive income of $2,154,228 (US$1,591,974) (2021 – lossof $746,581) (US$551,724).

 

Total expenses before other items forthe three-month period ended December 31, 2022, were $1,814,129 (US$1,340,641) compared to $826,797 (US$611,002) for the correspondingperiod ended December 31, 2021.

 

The table below details the significant changes in majorexpenditures from 2022 and 2021.

 

Expenses Three Month
Period Ended
December 31, 2022
Three Month
Period Ended
December 31, 2021

Explanation for Change

Increase / Decrease in Expenses

Consulting

$66,514

(US$49,153)

$52,434

(US$38,749)

Increased due to increased business advisory services rendered in the current period.
Investor relations

$51,770

(US$38,258)

$137,434

(US$101,564)

Decreased due to lower investor relations costs and activities.
Office

$27,042

(US$19,884)

$94,061

(US$69,511)

Decreased due to interest expenses on the outstanding balance of accounts payable and loan payable in the prior period.
Professional Fees

$676,854

(US$50,146)

$143,049

(US105,713)

Increased primarily due to an increase in legal fees relating to changes in management, name change and financing.

Share-based

payments

$776,916

(US$574,141)

$149,200

(US$110,258)

Increased due to more share options and PSU’s granted and vested during the current period.
Transfer agent and filing fees

$22,632

(US$16,725)

$28,627

(US$21,255)

Decreased due to financing activities which resulted in lower filing fees incurred.
Travel

$3,401

(US2,531)

$8,813

(US6,512)

Decreased due to decreased travel during the current period.

 

Summaryof Quarterly Results

 

A summary of selected financialinformation for the eight most recently completed quarters is set out below and should be read in conjunction with the Company’sconsolidated Interim Financial Statements and related notes for such periods (Note 2):

 

   

Three

Months

Ended

 

Three

Months

Ended

 

Three

Months

Ended

 

Three

Months

Ended

 

Three

Months

Ended

 

Three

Months

Ended

 

Three

Months

Ended

 

Three

Months

Ended

   

Dec 31,

2022

 

Sep 30,

2022

 

June 30,

2022

 

Mar 31,

2022

 

Dec 31,

2021

 

Sep 30,

2021

 

June 30,

2021

 

Mar 31,

2021

Revenue $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $
Expenses   1,814,129
(US$1,340,641)
  882,298
(US$652,018)
  759,563
(US$561,317)
  2,860,767
(US$2,114,107)
  826,797
(US$611,003)
  128,491
(US$94,955)
  257,690
(US$190,433)
  1,341,394
(US$991,290)
                                 
Total comprehensive loss   2,154,228
(US$1,591,975)
  751,616
(US$555,444)
  767,986
(US$567,542)
  3,034,432
(US$2,242,445)
  746,581
(US$551,723)
  123,152
(US$91,009)
  246,757
(US$182,353)
  1,335,136
(US$986,666)
Loss per share – basic and diluted (1)   (0.01)
(US$0.01)
  (0.00)
(US$0.00)
  (0.00)
(US$0.00)
  (0.02)
(US$0.015)
  (0.00)
(US$0.00)
  (0.00)
(US$0.00)
  (0.00)
(US$0.00)
  (0.01)
(US$0.007)
Total assets   13,530,636
(US$9,999,140)
  10,376,744
(US$7,668,414)
  9,802,357
(US$7,243,942)
  7,918,078
(US$5,851,460)
  7,704,225
(US$5,693,422)
  6,940,821
(US$5,129,267)
  7,024,556
(US$5,191,147)
  6,924,574
(US$5,117,260)
Total liabilities*   2,841,312
(US2,099,730)
  2,900,781
(US$2,143,677)
  2,633,408
(US$1,946,089)
  1,176,332
(US$869,309)
  1,433,198
(US$1,059,133)
  982,819
(US$726,303)
  1,136,174
(US$839,633)
  1,175,065
(US$868,373)
Total equity $ 10,689,324
(US$7,899,410)
 $ 7,475,963
(US$5,524,737)
$ 7,168,949
(US$5,297,853)
$ 6,741,746
(US$4,982,150)
$ 6,271,027
(US$4,634,289)
$ 5,860,193
(US$4,330,683)
$ 5,888,382
(US$4,351,514)
$ 5,749,509
(US$4,248,887)
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding (1)   197,184,096   190,753,414   181,009,232   175,770,983   163,727,870   158,377,273   157,331,247   151,617,833

 

Note 1: Based on the weightedaverage number of common shares outstanding during the period.

 

Note 2: During the year, managementdetermined that there was an error pertaining to exploration and evaluation and accounts payable and accrued liabilities. Thiserror was a result of the under accrual of option payments required on the Company’s Winston mineral property. Quarterlytotal assets and total liabilities have been restated as compared to the amounts reported in our previously issued quarterly MD&Aand condensed quarterly financial statements. There were no impacts onoperating income or net income from these changes, and no changes in working capital and cash flow.

 

During the quarter ended December31, 2022, expenses increased to $1,814,129 (US$1,340,713) compared to $882,298 (US$652,018) for the quarter ended September 30,2022. The increase was primarily attributable to management fees of $189,000(US$139,671), (September 30, 2022 - $83,251), (US$61,522),professional fees of $676,854(US$500,195) (September 30, 2022 - $359,961) (US 266,011), and share-based payments of $776,916 (US$574,141),(September 30, 2022 - $208,426),(US$154,027).

 

During the quarterended September 30, 2022, expenses increased to $882,298 (US$652,018) compared to $759,563 (US$561,317) for the quarter endedJune 30, 2022. The increase was primarily attributable to investor relations of $67,967 (US$50,227) (June 30, 2022 - $28,252)(US$20,878), management fees of $83,251 (US$61,522), (June 30, 2022 - $56,318) (US$41,619), and professional fees of $359,961(US$266,011) (June 30, 2022 - $154,214) (US$113,964).

 

During the quarterended June 30, 2022, expenses decreased to $759,563 (US$561,371) compared to $2,860,767 (US$2,114,106), for the quarter endedMarch 31, 2022. The decrease was primarily attributable to management fees of $56,318 (US$41,619), (March 31, 2022 - $61,885)(US$45,733), share-based payments of $331,548 (US$245,014) (March 31, 2022 - $2,333,019) (US$1,724,101) and forgiveness of debt$Nil (March 31, 2022 - $100,355) (US$74,162)

 

During the quarterended March 31, 2022, expenses increased to $2,860,767 (US$2,114,106) compared to $826,797 (US$611,003) for the quarter endedDecember 31, 2021. The increase was primarily attributable to management fees of $61,885 (US$45,733) (December 31, 2021 - $213,179)(US$157,539) share-based payments of $2,333,019 (US$1,724,101) (December 31, 2021 - $149,200) (US$110,259) and forgiveness ofdebt $100,355 (US$74,162) (December 31, 2021 - $Nil).

 

During the quarterended December 31, 2021, expenses increased to $826,797 (US$611,003) compared to $128,491 (US$94,955) for the quarter ended September30, 2021. The increase was primarily attributable to investor relations of $137,434 (US$101,563) (September 30, 2021 - $14,003)(US$10,348) due to the Company’s effort to raising awareness in the market, management fees of $213,179 (US$157,539) (September30, 2021 - $50,100) (US$37,024) professional fees of $143,049 ($US105,713) (September 30, 2021 - $21,858) (US$16,153) due to anincrease in legal fees relating to the replacement of the board of directors and change in management and share-based paymentsof $149,200 (US$110,259) (September 30, 2021 - $Nil) for options granted.

 

During the quarter ended September30, 2021, expenses decreased to $128,491 (US$94,954) compared to $257,690 (US$190,433) for the quarter ended June 30, 2021. Thedecrease was primarily attributable to consulting of $16,711 (US$12,349) (June 30, 2021 - $73,656) (US$54,431), due to the timingof consulting fees recorded, investor relations of $14,003 (US$10,348), (June 30, 2021 - $70,000) (US$51,730) and professionalfees of $21,858 (US$16,153) (June 30, 2021 - $41,753) (US$30,855).

 

During the quarterended June 30, 2021, expenses decreased to $257,690 (US$190,433) compared to $1,341,394 (US$991,290) for the quarter ended March31, 2021. The decrease was primarily attributable to investor relations of $70,000 (US$51,730) (March 31, 2021 - $200,175), (US$147,929)office of $12,137 (US$8,969) (March 31, 2021 - $178,668) (US$132,035) due to interest expenses on the outstanding balance of accountspayable during the comparative period and share-based payments of $Nil (March 31, 2021 - $800,801), (US$591,791) for options granted.

 

37

 

  

Liquidity and Capital Resources

 

These consolidatedfinancial statements have been prepared on a going concern basis which assumes that the Company will be able to realize its assetsand discharge its liabilities in the normal course of business for the foreseeable future. As at September 30, 2022, the Companyhas had significant losses. In addition, the Company has not generated revenues from operations. The Company has financed itsoperations primarily through the issuance of common shares and short-term loans. The Company continues to seek capital throughvarious means including the issuance of equity and/or debt. These circumstances cast significant doubt as to the ability of theCompany to meet its obligations as they come due, and accordingly, the appropriateness of the use of accounting principles applicableto a going concern. These consolidated financial statements do not include adjustments to amounts and classifications of assetsand liabilities that might be necessary should the Company be unable to continue operations.

 

In March2020, there was a global pandemic outbreak of COVID-19. The actual and threatened spread of the virus globally has had a materialadverse effect on the global economy and specifically, the regional economies in which the Company operates. The pandemic couldresult in delays during business, including potential delays to its business plans and activities, and continue to have a negativeimpact on the stock market, including trading prices of the Company’s shares and its ability to raise new capital. Theseuncertainties raise substantial doubt upon the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern and realize its assets andsettle its liabilities and commitments in the normal course of business.

 

The Company’sbusiness financial condition and results of operations may be further negatively affected by economic and other consequences fromRussia’s military action against Ukraine and the sanctions imposed in response to that action in late February 2022. While the Company expects any direct impacts, of the pandemic and the war in the Ukraine, to the business to be limited, the indirectimpacts on the economy and on the mining industry and other industries in general could negatively affect the business and maymake it more difficult for it to raise equity or debt financing. There can be no assurance that the Company will not be impactedby adverse consequences that may be brought about on its business, results of operations, financial position, and cash flows inthe future.

 

Inorder to continue as a going concern and to meet its corporate objectives, the Company will require additional financing throughdebt or equity issuances or other available means. Although the Company has been successful in the past in obtaining financing,there is no assurance that it will be able to obtain adequate financing in the future or that such financing will be on termsadvantageous to the Company.

 

  As at ‌December 31, 2022 As at March 31, 2022
  $ US$ $ US$
Working capital (deficit) ‌(270,809) ‌(200,128) (667,829) ‌(493,526)
Deficit ‌(18,503,615) ‌(13,674,175) (19,717,089) ‌(14,570,932)

 

Net cash used in operating activitiesfor the period ended December 31, 2022 was $2,101,353(US$1,552,900) compared to $769,578 (US$568,718) used during the period endedDecember 31, 2021. The difference was primarily due to the $3,500,000 sale of a property, share-based payment expense relatedto options and PSU’s and changes in non-cash working capital items.

 

Net cash provided by investing activitiesfor the period ended December 31, 2022 was $338,317, (US$250,016) compared to $548,688 (US$405,480) used during the period endedDecember 31, 2021, and consisted of acquisition costs and property expenditures during the period.

 

Net cash provided by financing activitiesfor the period ended December 31, 2022 was $3,840,027 (US$2,837,780) compared to $1,346,469 (US$995,041) during the period ended December31, 2021. The increase was due to proceeds from loan proceed, private placements and from warrants and options exercised duringthe current period.

 

TheCompany is continuing its exploration program and will use its available working capital to continue this work. It is likely thatthe Company will need to obtain additional debt/equity financing in order to carry out further exploration programs on its propertiesdepending on the results of recent exploration and to satisfy its business and property commitments for the ensuing year. TheCompany intends to rely on equity or debt financing from arm’s length parties to fund its operations for the upcoming year.The Company may find it necessary to issue shares to settle some of its existing debt obligations. There are no assurances thatthe Company will be successful in raising the necessary funds to maintain its current operations and explore its properties oncommercially reasonable terms or at all.

 

38

 

 

CAPITAL RESOURCES

 

As of the dateof this prospectus, the Company is continuing its exploration programson the Zoro, Jean Lake and Grass River Lithium Projects. The Company intends to use available working capital and may issue additionalcommon shares to cover the cost of this program.

 

The Company alsohas certain ongoing option/property payments and maintenance fees/taxes associated with its Zoro, Jean Lake, and Grass River LithiumProjects; and the Winston Property as more particularly described in “Overall Performance” above.

 

Duringthe period ended December 31, 2022, significant non-cash investing and financing transactions included:

 

in accounts payable and accrued liabilities is $738,624 (US$545,843) related to explorationand evaluation assets.

issued 879,732 common shares with a fair value of $152,454 (US$112,663) for the acquisitionof exploration and evaluation assets.

issuance of 650,000 common shares upon exercise of options resulting in a reallocation ofshare-based reserves of $78,528 (US$58,032) from reserves to share capital.

issued 500,000 common shares pursuant to PSU redemption resulting in a reallocation of share-basedreserves of $177,500 (US$131,173) from reserves to share capital.

issued 288,235 share purchase finders warrants valued at $22,000 (US$16,258).

cancelled 300,000 options resulting in a reallocation of share-based reserves $61,600 (US$45,522)from reserves to deficit.

 

During the period ended December 31, 2021, significant non-cashinvesting and financing transactions included:

included in accounts payable and accrued liabilities is $424,915 (US$314,012) related to explorationand evaluation assets.

issuance of 3,750,000 common shares upon exercise of options resulting in a reallocation ofshare-based reserves of 264,191 (US$195,237) from reserves to share capital.

issued 809,701 common shares with a fair value of $94,963 (US$70,177) for the acquisitionof exploration and evaluation assets.

issued 408,884 common shares with a fair value of $42,933 (US$31,727) for the services.

  

39

 

  

For the year ended March 31, 2023                  
Paid or accrued to:   Management,
consulting and
director fees
    Share-based
payments
    Total  
Key management personnel:                        
CEO   $ 90,000     $     $ 90,000  
CFO     18,000       67,290       85,290  
Directors     44,000       267,987       311,987  
Former Director     24,000       73,098       97,098  
Former CEO     51,569       194,929       246,498  
Former CEO     52,000             52,000  
Former CFO and current director     96,000       200,711       296,711  
    $ 375,264     $ 804,015     $ 1,179,584  

 

During the yearended March 31, 2023, the Company also paid:

 

i) investor relation fees of $66,530 to a company owned by the currentCEO and his spouse.

ii) consulting fees of $40,000 to a company owned by the spouse ofthe CEO.

iii) consulting fees of $25,000 to a company owned by a director ofthe Company.

 

During the year ended March 31, 2023,the Company entered into a loan agreement with a related party to borrow $1,145,520, inclusive of a prior advance of $145,520 (“InitialAdvance”) included in short-term loans payable owing to a director of the Company. During the year ended March 31, 2023,the loan accrued interest at a rate of 8.35% (subsequently amended on May 1, 2023 to 11.35%), payable monthly, and matures on May10, 2023 (subsequently amended to May 10, 2023). The loan is secured against all goods of the Company. The Company paid or accruedan aggregate of $86,478 in interest during the year ended March 31, 2023. As at March 31, 2023, the Company owed $1,143,998 ofprincipal.

 

For the year ended March 31, 2022         
Paid or accrued to:   Management fees    Share-based
payments
   Total  
Key management personnel:                
CEO   $ 50,664     $ 607,784     $ 658,448  
CFO     12,000       227,919       239,919  
Director     12,000       227,919       239,919  
Former CEO     158,650             158,650  
Former CFO     141,950             141,950  
   $ 375,264     $ 1,063,622     $ 1,438,886  
         
For the year ended March 31, 2021         
Paid or accrued to:   Management fees    Share-based
payments
   Total  
Key management personnel:                
Former Directors   $ 18,000     $ 16,089     $ 34,089  
Former CEO     5,000       141,267       146,267  
Former CEO     45,000       16,089       61,089  
Former CFO     5,000       141,267       146,267  
   $ 73,000     $ 314,712     $ 387,712  

 

The amounts due to relatedparties included in accounts payable and accrued liabilities are as follows:

 

    As at
March 31,
2023
    As at
March 31,
2022
    As at
March 31,
2021
 
Due to CEO   $ ‌15,750     $ 30        
Due to former CEO                 ‌1,461  
Due to former CEO     80,997       80,997       80,997  
Due to former CFO                 3,808  
Due to directors     14,900             18,000  
Due to former ‌directors and officers of the Company     ‌45,000       18,000       18,000  
    $ ‌169,159     $ 99,027       104,266  

 

Related Party Performance Share Units

 

For performance-based stock optionswith a market condition, a Monte Carlo simulation model is used to determine the fair value. The Monte Carlo model utilizes multipleinput variables that determine the probability of satisfying the market conditions stipulated in the award. The expense recognizedfor performance-based options is based on an estimation of the probability of achieving the market condition and the timing ofthe achieving of the market condition, which is difficult to predict. The following assumptions were used at the time of grant:

 

    For the
year ended
March 31,
2023
    For the
year ended
March 31,
2022
 
             
Market target price   $0.50     $0.50  
Share price   $0.265     $0.30  
Expected life (years)   3     2  
Interest rate   2.39%     2.27%  
Annualized volatility (based on historical volatility)   107.5%     111.2%  

 

Effective January 17, 2022, amendedSeptember 7, 2022, the Company’s board of directors adopted a performance-based share unit plan (the “PSU Plan”)which reserved a fixed aggregate of 17,169,535 common shares (being 10% of the Company’s then issued and outstanding commonshares”) for issuance upon the redemption of performance-based share award units (each a “PSU”). Under the termsof the PSU Plan, the Company is required to obtain shareholder approval for the PSU Plan within 3 years after its adoption, andat least every three years thereafter. Any PSUs issued are subject to a four-month hold from date of issue.

 

    Number of
PSUs
Outstanding
    Number of
PSUs Vested
    Weighted
Average
Grant Date
Fair Value
    Share-‌based
payment reserve
 
                         
Balance at March 31, 2021               $     $  
PSUs granted     13,999,996             0.297       1,063,622  
PSUs vested           2,500,000       0.355        
PSUs redeemed     (1,500,000 )     (1,500,000 )     0.355       (532,500 )
                                 
Balance at March 31, 2022     12,499,996       1,000,000       0.290       531,122  
PSUs granted     8,000,004             0.190        
PSUs vesting through the period                 0.290       ‌341,127  
PSUs redeemed     (500,000 )     (500,000 )     0.355       (177,500 )
PSUs forfeited/cancelled     (19,500,000 )           0.297       (517,249 )
                                 
Balance at December 31, 2022     500,000       500,000     $ 0.355     $ 177,500  
PSUs redeemed     (500,000 )     (500,000 )   $ 0.355     $ (177,500 )
Balance at March 31, 2023               $     $  

 

On January 31, 2022, the Company granted13,999,996 PSUs fair valued at $4,156,210, to certain directors and officers under the Company’s PSU Plan. Of the 13,999,996PSUs granted, 2,500,000 PSUs vested and became redeemable by the holders, and the remaining 11,499,996 PSUs will vest and becomeredeemable only upon the achievement of certain closing price milestones ranging between $0.50 and $1.75 which will expire on January31, 2025.

  

Of the 13,999,996 PSUs granted, 2,500,000PSUs vested during the year ended March 31, 2022 and the remaining unvested PSUs are expensed straight line over 3 years. Duringthe year ended March 31, 2022, the Company recognized share-based payment expense of $1,063,622. Of the 2,500,000 PSUs that vested,1,500,000 were converted to common shares during the year-ended March 31, 2022. During the year ended March 31, 2023, the Companyrecognized share-based payment expense of $135,395.

 

During the year ended March 31, 2023,the Company granted 2,000,000 PSUs fair valued at $387,379, to a director under the Company’s PSU Plan. The PSUs will vestand become redeemable only upon the achievement of certain closing price milestones ranging between $0.50 and $1.75 which wereto expire on April 12, 2025. During the year ended March 31, 2023, the Company recognized share-based payment expense of $60,495.

 

During the year ended March 31, 2023,the Company modified 6,999,996 unvested PSUs from earlier grants. The modified PSUs are fair valued at $638,584 and will vest andbecome redeemable upon the occurrence of certain capital market liquidity events, with the balance vesting on the achievement ofcertain closing price milestones ranging between $0.39 and $1.36. The Company recognized $78,204 in share-based compensation expense.

 

During the year ended March 31, 2023,the Company granted 6,000,004 PSUs fair valued at $1,288,898, to a director under the Company’s PSU Plan. The PSUs will vestand become redeemable upon the occurrence of certain capital market liquidity events, with the balance vesting on the achievementof certain closing price milestones ranging between $0.39 and $1.36. The Company recognized $67,032 in share-based compensationexpense.

 

During the year ended March 31, 2023,19,500,000 unvested PSUs were cancelled. Upon cancellation $517,248 of previously recognized share-based compensation expense wasreversed from reserves directly to deficit.

 

Quantitative and QualitativeDisclosures about Market Risk

 

Market risk is the risk of lossthat may arise from changes in market factors such as interest rates, foreign exchange rates, and commodity and equity prices.

 

InterestRate Risk

 

The Company has cash balancesand interest-bearing debt. The Company’s cash does not have significant exposure to interest.

 

40

 

 

ForeignCurrency Exchange Risk

 

The Company is exposed to foreigncurrency risk on fluctuations related to cash, accounts payable and accrued liabilities, and option agreement payments that aredenominated in a foreign currency. There is a risk in the exchange rate of the Canadian dollar relative to the US dollar and asignificant change in this rate could influence the Company’s results of operations, financial position or cash flows. TheCompany has not hedged its exposure to currency fluctuations.

 

Weestimate that we will receive net proceeds of approximately US$           million in this offering, based upon an assumed public offering price of US$           per share, assuming no exercise of the over-allotment option and after deducting underwriting discounts, non-accountable expenseallowance and the estimated offering expenses payable by us. If we convert the full amount of the net proceeds from this offeringinto Canadian dollars, a 10.0% appreciation of the U.S. dollar against the Canadian dollar, from the exchange rate of C$           per US$1.00 as of December 31, 2022 to a rate of C$           per US$1.00, will result in an increase of approximately C$           in our net proceeds from this offering. Conversely, a 10.0% depreciation of the U.S. dollar against the Canadian dollar, fromthe exchange rate of C$            perUS$1.00 as of December 31, 2021 to a rate of C$            for $1.00,will result in a decrease of C$            in our net proceeds from thisoffering.

 

Impactof Inflation

 

Over the past year, inflation has had a major impact on virtually all aspects of the economy, includingthe mining industry. Supply chain challenges and significant cost increases have impacted many mining producers with negative implicationson the sector. While Foremost Lithium is not immune to inflationary drivers, our status as a junior explorer/developer, who isseveral years from production, has and will continue to mute inflationary pressure on our stock price and our ability to raisefuture capital. Furthermore, we believe our excellent working relationships with vendors will allow us to continue to successfullymanage our exploration costs. The Company continues to benefit from working in a Province that is highly supportive of the Lithiummining industry and we expect to continue to benefit from future government grants.

 

The Company’s biggest safeguard against inflationary pressures is the ever-growing demand for Lithiumresources to supply an exponentially growing EV market. All of the Company’s attributes, including proximity to the growingNorth American EV market with readily available transportation options, abundant hydroelectric power and highly promising resourceassets favorably position Foremost Lithium to withstand inflationary pressures in the short term.

 

PriceRisk

 

The Company is exposed to pricerisk with respect to commodity and equity prices. Equity price risk is defined as the potential adverse impact on the Company’searnings due to movements in individual equity prices or general movements in the level of the stock market. Commodity price riskis defined as the potential adverse impact on earnings and economic value due to commodity price movements and volatilities. TheCompany closely monitors commodity prices of gold and lithium, individual equity movements, and the stock market to determinethe appropriate course of action to be taken by the Company.

 

Critical Accounting Policies

 

The following discussionrelates to critical accounting policies for our company. The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity withIFRS requires our management to make assumptions, estimates and judgments that affect the amounts reported, including the notesthereto, and related disclosures of commitments and contingencies, if any. We have identified certain accounting policies thatare significant to the preparation of our consolidated financial statements. These accounting policies are important for an understandingof our financial condition and results of operation. Critical accounting policies are those that are most important to the portrayalof our financial condition and results of operations and require management’s difficult, subjective, or complex judgment,often because of the need to make estimates about the effect of matters that are inherently uncertain and may change in subsequentperiods. Certain accounting estimates are particularly sensitive because of their significance to consolidated financial statementsand because of the possibility that future events affecting the estimate may differ significantly from management’s currentjudgments. We believe the following critical accounting policies involve the most significant estimates and judgments used inthe preparation of our consolidated financial statements:

 

Income taxes

 

The Company is periodically required to estimate the tax basisof assets and liabilities. Where applicable tax laws and regulations are either unclear or subject to varying interpretations,it is possible that changes in these estimates could occur that materially affect the amounts of deferred income tax assets andliabilities recorded in the consolidated financial statements.

 

Changes in deferred tax assetsand liabilities generally have a direct impact on earnings in the period that the changes occur. Each period, the Company evaluatesthe likelihood of whether some portion or all of each deferred tax asset will not be realized. This evaluation is based on historicand future expected levels of taxable income, the pattern and timing of reversals of taxable temporary timing differences thatgive rise to deferred tax assets and liabilities, and tax planning initiatives.

 

Cash and cash equivalents

 

Cash and cash equivalents arecomprised of cash on hand and cash equivalents. Cash equivalents are short-term, highly liquid holdings that are readily convertibleto known amounts of cash and which are subject to an insignificant risk of change in value. The Company does not currently holdany cash equivalents.

 

Foreign currency translation

 

The functional currency for theCompany and its subsidiaries is the currency of the primary economic environment in which the entity operates.  Transactionsin foreign currencies are translated to the functional currency of the entity at the exchange rate in existence at the date ofthe transaction.  Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies at the reporting date are retranslatedat the period end date exchange rates. 

 

The functional currency of theparent entity and Sequoia Gold & Silver Ltd. is the Canadian dollar, which is also the presentation currency of our consolidatedfinancial statements.  The functional currency of Sierra Gold & Silver Ltd. is the United States dollar.

 

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Foreign operations are translatedfrom their functional currencies into Canadian dollars on consolidation as follows:

 

(i)             Assets and liabilities for each statement of financial position presented are translated at the closing rate at the dateof the statement of financial position;

 

(ii)            Income and expenses for each statement of comprehensive income (loss) are translated at the average exchange rate for theperiod; and

 

(iii)           All resulting exchange differences are recognized in other comprehensive income (loss) as cumulative translation adjustments.

 

Exchange differences that ariserelating to long-term intercompany balances that form part of the net investment in a foreign operation are also recognized ina separate component of equity through other comprehensive income (loss).

 

On disposition or partial dispositionof a foreign operation, the cumulative amount of related exchange differences recorded in this separate component of equity isrecognized in profit or loss.

 

Government grants

 

Government grants are recognizedwhen there is reasonable assurance that the grant will be received and all attached conditions will be complied with. When thegrant relates to an expense item, it is recognized as income on a systematic basis over the period the expense costs, for whichit is intended to compensate, are expensed. When the grant relates to an asset, the cost of the asset is reduced by the amountof the grant and the grant is recognized as a reduced depreciation expense over the expected useful life of the asset.

 

Mineral properties– exploration and evaluation assets

 

Pre-explorationcosts

 

Pre-exploration costs are expensedin the year in which they are incurred.

 

Explorationand evaluation expenditures

 

Once the legal right to explorea property has been acquired, all costs related to the acquisition, exploration and evaluation of the property are capitalized.These direct expenditures include such costs as materials used, surveying costs, drilling costs, payments made to contractors,and depreciation on plant and equipment during the exploration phase. Costs not directly attributable to exploration and evaluationactivities, including general administrative overhead costs, are expensed in the period in which they occur.

 

When a project is deemed to nolonger have commercially viable prospects to the Company, exploration and evaluation expenditures in respect of that project aredeemed to be impaired. As a result, those exploration and evaluation expenditure costs, in excess of estimated recoveries, arewritten off to profit or loss.

 

The Company assesses explorationand evaluation assets for impairment when facts and circumstances suggest that the carrying amount of an asset may exceed itsrecoverable amount.

 

Once the technical feasibilityand commercial viability of extracting the mineral resource has been determined, the property is considered to be a mine underdevelopment and is classified as “mines under construction”. Exploration and evaluation assets are tested for impairmentbefore the assets are transferred to development properties.

 

As the Company currently hasno operational income, any incidental revenues earned in connection with exploration activities are applied as a reduction tocapitalized exploration costs.

 

Exploration and evaluation assetsare classified as intangible assets.

 

The Company enters into farm-outarrangements, whereby the Company will transfer part of a mineral interest, as consideration, for an agreement by the transfereeto meet certain exploration and evaluation expenditures which would have otherwise been undertaken by the Company. The Companydoes not record any expenditures made by the farmee on its behalf. Any cash or other consideration received from the agreementis credited against the costs previously capitalized to the mineral interest given up by the Company, with any excess considerationaccounted for as a gain on disposal.

 

The Company accounts for miningtax credits on a cash basis and are applied as a reduction to capitalized exploration costs.

 

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Provisionfor environmental rehabilitation

 

TheCompany recognizes liabilities for legal or constructive obligations associated with the retirement of exploration and evaluationassets and equipment. The net present value of future rehabilitation costs is capitalized to the related asset along with a correspondingincrease in the rehabilitation provision in the period incurred. Discount rates using a pre-tax rate that reflect the time valueof money are used to calculate the net present value.

 

TheCompany’s estimates of reclamation costs could change as a result of changes in regulatory requirements, discount ratesand assumptions regarding the amount and timing of the future expenditures. These changes are recorded directly to the relatedassets with a corresponding entry to the rehabilitation provision.

 

Decommissioningobligations:

 

TheCompany’s activities may give rise to dismantling, decommissioning and site disturbance re-mediation activities. A provisionis made for the estimated cost of site restoration and capitalized in the relevant asset category.

 

Decommissioningobligations are measured at the present value of management’s best estimate of the expenditure required to settle the presentobligation at the reporting date. Subsequent to the initial measurement, the obligation is adjusted at the end of each periodto reflect the passage of time and changes in the estimated future cash flows underlying the obligation. The increase in the provisiondue to the passage of time is recognized as finance costs whereas increases due to changes in the estimated future cash flowsare capitalized. Actual costs incurred upon settlement of the decommissioning obligations are charged against the provision tothe extent the provision was established.

 

Contingencies

 

Acontingent liability is a possible obligation, and a contingent asset is a possible asset, that arises from past events and whoseexistence will be confirmed only by the occurrence or non-occurrence of one or more uncertain future events not wholly withinthe control of the Company. A contingent liability may also be a present obligation that arises from past events that is not recognizedbecause it is not probable that an outflow of economic resources will be required to settle the obligation or the amount of theobligation cannot be measured reliably.

 

Impairmentof non-financial assets

 

Atthe end of each reporting period the carrying amounts of the Company’s long-lived assets, including mineral property interests,are reviewed to determine whether there is any indication that those assets are impaired. If any such indication exists, the recoverableamount of the asset is estimated in order to determine the extent of the impairment, if any. The recoverable amount is the higherof fair value less costs to sell and value in use. Fair value is determined as the amount that would be obtained from the saleof the asset in an arm’s length transaction between knowledgeable and willing parties. In assessing value in use, the estimatedfuture cash flows are discounted to their present value using a discount rate that reflects current market assessments of thetime value of money and the risks specific to the asset. If the recoverable amount of an asset is estimated to be less than itscarrying amount, the carrying amount of the asset is reduced to its recoverable amount and the impairment loss is recognized inthe profit or loss for the period. For an asset that does not generate largely independent cash inflows, the recoverable amountis determined for the cash generating unit to which the asset belongs. Where an impairment loss subsequently reverses, the carryingamount of the asset (or cash generating unit) is increased to the revised estimate of its recoverable amount, but to an amountthat does not exceed the carrying amount that would have been determined had no impairment loss been recognized for the asset(or cash-generating unit) in prior years. A reversal of an impairment loss is recognized immediately in profit or loss.

 

Financialinstruments

 

IFRS9 uses a single approach to determine whether a financial asset is classified and measured at amortized cost or fair value. Theapproach in IFRS 9 is based on how an entity manages its financial instruments and the contractual cash flows characteristicsof the financial asset.

 

Theclassification of debt instruments is driven by the business model for managing the financial assets and their contractual cashflow characteristics. Debt instruments are measured at amortized cost if the business model is to hold the instrument for collectionof contractual cash flows and those cash flows are solely principal and interest.

 

Ifthe business model is not to hold the debt instrument, it is classified as fair value through profit or loss (“FVTPL”).Financial assets with embedded derivatives are considered in their entirety when determining whether their cash flows are solelypayments of principal and interest.

 

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TheCompany classifies its financial assets into one of the categories described below, depending on the purpose for which the assetwas acquired. Management determines the classification of its financial assets at initial recognition.

 

Equityinstruments that are held for trading (including all equity derivative instruments) are classified as FVTPL, for other equityinstruments, on the day of acquisition the Company can make an irrevocable election (on an instrument-by-instrument basis) todesignate them as at fair value through other comprehensive income (“FVTOCI”).

 

Fairvalue through profit or loss (“FVTPL”) – Financial assets carried at FVTPL are initially recorded at fair valueand transaction costs are expensed in the statement of loss. Realized and unrealized gains and losses arising from changes inthe fair value of the financial asset held at FVTPL are included in the statement of loss in the period in which they arise. Derivativesare also categorized as FVTPL unless they are designated as hedges.

 

Fairvalue through other comprehensive income (“FVTOCI”) - Investments in equity instruments at FVTOCI are initially recognizedat fair value plus transaction costs. Subsequently, they are measured at fair value, with gains and losses arising from changesin fair value recognized in other comprehensive income. There is no subsequent reclassification of fair value gains and lossesto profit or loss following the derecognition of the investment.

 

Financialassets at amortized cost - A financial asset is measured at amortized cost using the effective interest method if the objectiveof the business model is to hold the financial asset for the collection of contractual cash flows, and the asset’s contractualcash flows are comprised solely of payments of principal and interest. They are classified as current assets or non-current assetsbased on their maturity date and are initially recognized at fair value and subsequently carried at amortized cost less any impairment.

 

Thefollowing table shows the classification and measurement of the Company’s financial instruments under IFRS 9:

 

Financial assets/liabilities   Classification and measurement
Cash   at amortized cost
Long-term investment   FVTPL
Net investment in sublease   at amortized cost
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities   at amortized cost
Lease obligation   at amortized cost
Short-term loans payable   at amortized cost
Long-term loans payable   at amortized cost

 

Financialliabilities other than derivative liabilities are recognized initially at fair value and are subsequently stated at amortizedcost. Transaction costs on financial assets and liabilities other than those classified at FVTPL are treated as part of the carryingvalue of the asset or liability. Transaction costs for assets and liabilities at FVTPL are expensed as incurred.

 

Impairmentof financial assets at amortized cost

 

TheCompany recognizes the expected credit losses (“ECL”) model on a forward-looking basis on financial assets that aremeasured at amortized cost, contract assets and debt instruments carried at FVTOCI.

 

Ateach reporting date, the Company measures the ECL for the financial asset at an amount equal to the lifetime expected credit lossesif the credit risk on the financial asset has increased significantly since initial recognition. If at the reporting date, thefinancial asset has not increased significantly since initial recognition, the Company measures the ECL for the financial assetat an amount equal to twelve month expected credit losses. The Company applies the simplified method and measures a loss allowanceequal to the lifetime expected credit losses for trade receivables.

 

TheCompany recognizes in profit and loss, as an impairment gain or loss, the amount of expected credit losses (or reversal) thatis required to adjust the loss allowance at the reporting date to the amount that is required to be recognized. The loss allowancewas $Nil as at June 30, 2022.

 

Derecognitionof financial assets and financial liabilities

 

Afinancial asset is derecognized when the contractual right to the asset’s cash flows expire; or if the Company transfersthe financial asset and substantially all risks and rewards of ownership to another entity.

 

TheCompany derecognizes financial liability when its obligations are discharged, cancelled or expired.

 

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Incometaxes

 

Incometax expense comprises current and deferred tax. Income tax is recognized in profit or loss except to the extent that it relatesto items recognized directly in equity. Current tax expense is the expected tax payable on taxable income for the year, usingtax rates enacted or substantively enacted at period end, adjusted for amendments to tax payable with regards to previous years.

 

Deferredtax is recorded using the liability method, providing for temporary differences, between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilitiesfor financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for taxation purposes. Temporary differences are not provided for goodwillnot deductible for tax purposes, the initial recognition of assets or liabilities that affects neither accounting nor taxableloss, or differences relating to investments in subsidiaries to the extent that they will probably not reverse in the foreseeablefuture. The amount of deferred tax provided is based on the expected manner of realization or settlement of the carrying amountof assets and liabilities, using tax rates enacted or substantively enacted at the reporting date.

 

Adeferred tax asset is recognized only to the extent that it is probable that future taxable profits will be available againstwhich the asset can be utilized.

 

Lossper share  

 

The Company uses the treasury stock method to computethe dilutive effect of options, warrants and similar instruments. Under this method, the dilutive effect on loss per share is recognizedon the use of the proceeds that could be obtained upon exercise of options, warrants and similar instruments. It assumes that the proceedswould be used to purchase common shares at the average market price during the year. For the year ended March 31, 2022, $11,965,000(US$8,842,135) compared to $11,600,000 (US$8,572,400) for year ended March 31, 2021 stock options, $14,067,213 (US$10,395,673) comparedto $17,425,556 (US$12,877,489) for year ended March 31, 2021 warrants and $12,499,996 (US$9,237,475) compared to Nil for year ended March13, 2021 performance share units were not included in the calculation of dilutive earnings per share as their inclusion was anti-dilutive.

 

Lossper share is calculated using the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the year.

 

Share-basedpayments

 

TheCompany grants stock options to acquire common shares of the Company to directors, officers, employees and consultants. An individual is classified as an employee when the individual is an employee for legal or tax purposes, or provides servicessimilar to those performed by an employee.

 

Thefair value of stock options is measured on the date of grant, using the Black-Scholes option pricing model, and is recognizedin share-based payment reserve over the vesting period. Consideration paid for the shares along with the fair value recorded inshare-based payment reserve on the exercise of stock options is credited to capital stock. When vested options are cancelled,forfeited, or are not exercised by the expiry date, the amount previously recognized in share-based payment reserve is transferredto accumulated losses (deficit). The Company estimates a forfeiture rate and adjusts the corresponding expense each period basedon an updated forfeiture estimate.

 

Insituations where equity instruments are issued to non-employees and some or all of the goods or services received by the entityas consideration cannot be specifically identified, they are measured at the fair value of the share-based payment.  Otherwise,share-based payments are measured at the fair value of goods or services received. Where the terms and conditions of options aremodified, the increase in the fair value of the options, measured immediately before and after the modification, is also chargedto profit or loss over the remaining vesting period.

 

Forperformance share units and stock options with vesting containing a market condition, the grant date fair value is measured usingthe Monte Carlo model to reflect such conditions and there is no true-up for differences between expected and actual outcomes.

 

Theexpense recognized for performance-based stock options is based on an estimation of the probability of achieving the market conditionand the timing of the achieving of the market condition, which is difficult to predict. The fair value is recognized straightline over the life of the performance share units or stock options which vest based on a market condition. Upon achieving a marketcondition, the awards shall vest, and any unvested fair value related to the vested awards will be accelerated and recognized.

 

Shareissue costs

 

Shareissue costs are deferred and charged directly to capital stock on completion of the related financing. If the financing is notcompleted, share issue costs are charged to operations. Costs directly identifiable with the raising of capital will be chargedagainst the related capital stock.

 

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Valuationof equity units issued in private placements

 

TheCompany has adopted a residual value method with respect to the measurement of shares and warrants issued as private placementunits. The residual value method first allocates value to the more easily measurable component based on fair value and then theresidual value, if any, to the less easily measurable component. 

 

Thefair value of the common shares issued in the private placements was determined to be the most easily measurable component andwere valued at their fair value, as determined by the closing quoted bid price on the announcement date. The balance, if any,was allocated to the attached warrants. Any fair value attributed to the warrants is recorded as reserves.

 

Leases

 

Atinception of a contract, the Company assesses whether the contract is, or contains, a lease. A contract is, or contains, a leaseif the contract conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset for a period in exchange for consideration.

 

Leasesof right-of-use assets are recognized at the lease commencement date at the present value of the lease payments that are not paidat that date. The lease payments are discounted using the interest rate implicit in the lease, if that rate can be readily determined,and otherwise at the Company’s incremental borrowing rate. At the commencement date, a right-of-use asset is measured atcost, which is comprised of the initial amount of the lease liability adjusted for any lease payments made at or before the commencementdate, plus any decommissioning and restoration costs, less any lease incentives received.

 

Eachlease payment is allocated between repayment of the lease principal and interest.  Interest on the lease liability in eachperiod during the lease term is allocated to produce a constant periodic rate of interest on the remaining balance of the leaseliability.  Except where the costs are included in the carrying amount of another asset, the Company recognizes in profitor loss (a) the interest on a lease liability and (b) variable lease payments not included in the measurement of a lease liabilityin the period in which the event or condition that triggers those payments occurs.  The Company subsequently measures theright-of-use asset at cost less any accumulated depreciation and any accumulated impairment losses; and adjusted for any remeasurementof the lease liability.  Right-of-use assets are depreciated over the shorter of the asset’s useful life or the leaseterm, except where the lease contains a bargain purchase option a right-of-use asset is depreciated over the asset’s usefullife.

 

Whenthe Company enters into a sublease, it determines at lease inception date whether each sublease is a finance lease or an operatinglease based on whether the contract transfers substantially all of the risks and rewards incidental to ownership of the underlyingasset. If this is the case, then the sublease is a financial lease: if not then it is an operational lease.

 

Forfinancial leases, and when the Company acts as intermediate lessor, it recognizes a sublease receivable and derecognizes the right-of-useassets relating to the head lease that it transfers to the sub leases. Right-of-use assets and net investment in subleasereceivables relating to the subleases are measured in the same way as the right-of-use assets and lease liabilities for thehead lease, using the same discount rate for the actualization of future payments to be received.

 

Newaccounting standards issued and effective

 

Certainnew standards, interpretations, and amendments to existing standards have been issued by the IASB or IFRC that are mandatory foraccounting years beginning on or after January 1, 2022. New accounting pronouncements that are not applicable or are not consequentialto the Company have been excluded in the preparation of these consolidated financial statements.

 

Anumber of new standards, and amendments to standards and interpretations, are not effective for the year ended March 31, 2022,and have not been early adopted in preparing these consolidated financial statements. The following accounting standards and amendmentsare effective for future periods:

 

i)Onerous Contracts - Cost of Fulfilling a Contract (Amendments to IAS 37) - The amendments to IAS 37 specify which costs an entity includes in determining the cost of fulfilling a contract for the purpose of assessing whether the contract is onerous. Costs that relate directly to a contract can either be incremental costs of fulfilling that contract (examples would be direct labour, materials) or an allocation of other costs that relate directly to fulfilling contracts (example would be the allocation of the depreciation charge for property, plant and equipment used in fulfilling the contract).

 

Theseamendments are effective for reporting periods beginning on or after January 1, 2022.

 

ii)Classification of Liabilities as Current or Non-current (Amendments to IAS 1) - The amendments to IAS1 provide a more general approach to the classification of liabilities based on the contractual arrangements in place at the reporting date.

 

Theseamendments are effective for reporting periods beginning on or after January 1, 2023

 

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CORPORATEHISTORY AND STRUCTURE

 

OurCorporate History

 

TheCompany was incorporated as FAR RESOURCES LTD. under the BCBCA on July 7, 2005 (Number: BC0729352). The Company changed its nameto Foremost Lithium Resource & Technology Ltd. on January 4, 2022. The Company currently has two wholly owned subsidiaries:Sequoia Gold & Silver Ltd. (“Sequoia”), a British Columbia Company, and Sierra Gold & Silver Ltd, a New Mexicocompany (“Sierra”). Sequoia is inactive and has no assets. Sierra holds the Company’s Winston property in NewMexico, USA.

 

OurCorporate Structure

 

Thechart below presents our corporate structure:

 

 

 

Theregistered office of the Company is Suite 2500 - 700 West Georgia Street, Vancouver, British Columbia V7Y 1K8 Canada. The Companyis a Canadian natural resource exploration company engaged in the exploration and development of mineral resources.

  

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INDUSTRY

 

All Eyes are on Manitoba

 

Mining accountsfor a significant portion of Canada’s economy. Natural Resources Canada pegged domestic mineral production at $47 billion(approximately US$37.89 billion) in 2018. Canada’s mining and exploration companies are also important players in the internationalmining industry. Manitoba hosts the historic Tanco mine, which sits atop the world-class Tanco lithium-cesium deposit and is locatedat Bernic Lake. The Tanco pegmatite was first discovered in the 1920s and ultimately developed into a large deposit of spodumene,one of the primary minerals mined for its lithium content.

 

 

Figure 1 - Showing the proximitybetween Foremost Lithium’s projects and the historic Tanco Mine.

 

The Tanco Mine “Tanco”, operated by Sinomine Rare Metal Resources Group, is located 600kmdue south of the historic mining town of Snow Lake, Manitoba with easy access along transportation corridors. Tanco’s short-termstrategies include building a new lithium-battery industrial chain in North America and becoming a supply base for battery-gradelithium carbonate. Tanco currently is the only producing lithium spodumene concentrate mine in North America.

 

Manitoba is increasingly becoming the hub of battery metals and situations such as these find our companyin an excellent position to be the potential source for Tanco’s lithium feedstock. We met with Tanco in early November andTanco informed us that they are currently processing 500 tons of lithium per day tons but had plans to increase this sixfold to3,000 tons a day in 2023. With Tanco’s aggressive plans to ramp up production, Foremost Lithium is an ideal location.

 

Industry

 

On October 28, 2022, the Canadian Government provided some clarity regarding the Investment Canada Actin connection to the critical mineral sectors1. The Canadian Government is setting a precedent for block State-Owned Enterprisesfrom investing into Canadian-owned critical mineral companies and ordered Chinese investment to divest immediately from Canadaincluding the following three companies, Power Metals Corp, Lithium Chile Inc., and Ultra Lithium Inc. While Canada continues towelcome foreign direct investment, a decision to act decisively was made if investments are deemed threatening to its nationalsecurity and its critical minerals supply chains, both at home and also abroad.

 

Canada and the United States are promoting domestic investment into these critical mineral sectors throughdifferent programs like The Inflation Reduction Act. Crucial for critical battery minerals, it implements a $7,500 EV credit taxoffer. This law puts Canada in a privileged position and will deepen investment into with lithium exploration companies like ForemostLithium, as EV manufacturers and other suppliers scramble to source and secure their critical minerals with an FTA partner. Canada’sCritical Minerals Strategy is laid out as a six area of focus which includes driving research, accelerating timelines for minesand exploration, building infrastructure among other drivers which aids could assist our ability to move forward effectively withour Lithium Lane properties.

 

Manitoba Mineral Development Fund“MMDF” was launched by the Government of Manitoba in August 2020 with the specific goal of jump-starting mineral andeconomic development initiatives and aims to support new economic development opportunities that capitalize on existing assetsand infrastructure across Manitoba. It’s a supports strategic projects that capitalize on mineral potential within the provinceand helps accelerate Manitoba’s position as a world leader for responsible mineral development. We have been awarded themaximum allowable amount of $300,000 in 2021, and were awarded the grant a second time in 2022 to help support our 2022/2023 explorationprogram and help advance our Snow Lake Lithium projects.

 

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Lithium-bearing pegmatitesoccur across the Province of Manitoba including in areas such as the Tanco mine, Wekusko Lake Pegmatite Field, Red Sucker Lake,Gods Lake and Cross Lake, which all host known pegmatite lithium deposits. With the emergence of the electronic vehicle, or EV,the market has spurred investment and mining interest in Manitoba for lithium exploration activity, with New Age Metals, Grid Metals,and Snow Lake being a few of the mining companies exploring for lithium in Manitoba.

 

Lithium Production –Historical Supply, Demand and Price Trends

 

Benchmark Minerals data shows thatlithium prices have increased by over five times between July 2019 and July 2022, as the world’s fleet of EVs surpassed5 million and the auto industry began to become concerned regarding the supply of raw materials.

 

In its April 2022 report,McKinsey predicted that lithium carbonate equivalent (“LCE”) demand will increase from 500 tonnes in 2021 to between3-4 million tonnes in 2030. McKinsey further states “In 2020, slightly above 0.41 million metric tons of LCE were produced;in 2021, production exceeded 0.54 million metric tons . . .”. There is a substantial gap between current supply and expecteddemand that will need to be satisfied.

 

Increasing Lithium Demand– Electric Vehicle Transition

 

Although lithium has multipleindustrial and consumer electronics applications, the most prominent application is battery production. Future lithium demand isheavily linked to future EV production. We believe that climate change policy agendas, as well as government mandated targets forEV market penetration will be positive catalysts for a growth in lithium demand over the coming years.

 

Countries around the worldhave already formulated plans to support this change, as shown in the table below. Government policies (particularly in China),new regulations (particularly in Europe), and steadily increasing consumer adoption, as evidenced by a wider availability of EVmodels being produced by original equipment manufacturers, or OEMs, are all expected to be significant drivers in increasing EVsales.

 

The Chinese governmenthas declared that the EV industry is of strategic importance over the long term. The “new energy” vehicle industryis one of ten industries targeted as a key effort to further the Chinese government’s “Made in China” initiativeby 2025. In addition to China, several other countries have also announced plans to phase out and eventually replace internalcombustion engine, or ICE, vehicles with EV models. Countries such as France, Norway, and the UK have all set dates for thesebans, with Norway’s being the most aggressive, as all new car sales in Norway must be zero emissions (battery EV or fuelcell) by 2025.

 

Figure 2 - Recent Government Announcements(Source: Livant IPO filing)

 

In response to the changinggovernment policies and incentives favoring EVs, various OEMs have announced plans to expand EV production lines in the future.The chart below summarizes EV production plans from many major OEMs.

 

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In addition to expandingtheir offering of EV models, automotive OEMs are focused on improving total energy density and reducing weight in batteries toincrease the driving range of EVs. To achieve these improvements, EV battery manufacturers are increasingly using high nickel contentcathode materials that contain less cobalt and more nickel, while the lithium content remains largely unchanged. Due to the underlyingchemistry, battery-grade LiOH, the type of lithium we expect to be produced from the output of mine, is required in the manufacturingof high nickel content cathode material, whereas lithium carbonate, produced from lithium brine, is used in lower energy densityEV battery applications.

 

As a result of thesedrivers, it is estimated that global sales of new energy-efficient passenger vehicles will reach 12 million in 2025, and the compoundgrowth rate will reach 32.5% from 2019 to 2025. By 2030, the number of EVs on the road is expected to rise to 125 million.

 

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Figure 3 -Annual global EV sales by market. (Source: Bloomberg New Energy Finance.)

 

To meet thesetargets, governments will need to help the EV industry, in general, and the lithium mining sector, in particular, by supportiveactions such as removing red tape for new mining projects. Some projects are already seeing such support, such as a grant to AmericanLithium in March 2021 to support the development of a LiOH plant in Nevada, and a Canadian federal government grant to E3 MetalsCorp, for expanded lithium extraction technology research with the University of Alberta.

 

Demand for lithiumis also increasing outside of the EV market. According to the India Brand Equity Foundation, electronics manufacturing is expectedto grow at an annual rate of 30% between 2020 to 2025. Lithium primary cell batteries are central units in many consumer electronicsgoods. Major manufacturers in the primary battery market include Hitachi Maxell, Ultralife, Energizer, FDK Corporation, Tadiran,Vitzrocell, EVE Energy, Panasonic, SAFT, Varta, Duracell, EnerSys Ltd., Gp Batteries, Excell Battery Co., and Bren-tronics. Theglobal lithium primary batteries market is expected to grow from $11.28 billion in 2020 to $12.24 billion in 2021 at a compoundannual growth rate, or CAGR of 8.5%. The table below shows the expected growth of the consumer electronics lithium battery marketin USD billions from 2020 to 2025.

 

 

Figure 4 -Global Lithium Primary Batteries Market (Source: The Business Research Company)

 

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Many batterycell manufacturers have made financial commitments for new Li-ion plants. Benchmark Minerals “gigafactory” trackerhas gone from 70 planned new facilities in 2019 to 205 in April 2021. RK Equity’s battery cell forecast is approximately3,400 GWh in 2030. On its current trajectory, planned capacity could easily reach 8,500-10,000 GWh; however, battery raw materialshortages, particularly lithium, will limit the actual volumes achieved in 2030. At battery pack prices of $60-$75/kWh, Li-ionbatteries are economically competitive for all storage applications.

 

 

Figure 5 - Global GigafactoriesForecast (Source: Benchmark Minerals and RK Equity Forecast)

 

According to FastMarkets.com, demandfor battery grade lithium is now expected to almost triple by 2025 to more than 850 thousand metric tonnes, and to exceed 1.0MtLCE in 2027, with growth in excess of 18% per year to 2030.

 

 

Figure 6 - Battery-Grade HydroxideDemand/Supply Forecast (Source: RK Equity)

 

The recent declineand cutbacks in upstream investment, however, could result in the market undersupply during the next few years. We believe thatit is clear that investment needs to be made in lithium mining now to meet the expected increase in demand. Fastmarkets predictsthe need for 16 new lithium mines of average size to go online prior to 2025. Roskill maintains the view that future refined lithiumsupply will remain tight, with a period of sustained supply deficit in the mid-2020s. It is our understanding that further additionsto lithium production capacity for mined and refined lithium products will be required to keep pace with demand growth, led bybattery applications.

 

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Figure 7 - Lithium Demand Forecast(Source: Benchmark)

 

Benchmark is aware of 40 lithium mines that have been in operation — producing lithium — in2022. By 2050, Benchmark sees a need for 234 more lithium mines if there’s no battery recycling underway. While much emphasisis put on the as the electric vehicle demand as the driver for the lithium market, Benchmark Mineral Intelligence actually putsstationary energy storage demand by that time — ⅔ of the 11.2 million tonnes expected to be produced each year by then,It has concluded that the lithium market needs to scale up to 25 times or more of the 2021 level by 2050.

 

Increasing Demand for Locally SourcedLithium in North America

 

North America is expected to follow the sameglobal trend towards EVs and away from ICEs. RK Equity is forecasting a 36% per annum EV sales growth in the U.S. between 2020and 2030. Sharply increasing sales will be driven by the U.S.’s desire to cut 2030 emissions by approximately 50% from 2005levels, an expected buyer subsidy of up to $10,000 per car, and potentially removing the 200,000 unit sales cap for OEMs. Modelchoice in the key market segments of SUVs and pickup trucks is expanding and, post-2025, EVs are expected to have both a lowertotal cost of ownership and a lower up-front sticker price.

 

 

Figure 8 - Forecast U.S. EV salesand penetration (Source: RK Equity)

 

U.S. EV consumers continue to preferlong-range and fast charging EVs. In the first quarter of 2021, the average battery pack size for the top 10 selling EVs in Chinawas just over 40 kWh. For the new model launches in the U.S., the average is closer to 90 kWh. RK Equity is forecasting an averagebattery pack size of 80 kWh for EVs sold in the U.S. in 2025. Based on these forecasts, U.S. EV sales could only equal half thenumber of EVs as China, and the GWh’s deployed would be roughly equal. RK Equity is forecasting the GWh’s deployedin U.S. EVs will rise by a factor of 30 over the decade to approximately 600 GWh (~500KT LCE battery-grade demand).

 

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Figure 9 - Future new BEV launches(Source: Company reports & RK Equity)

 

 

Figure 10 - U.S. average batterypack size and GWh deployed (Source: RK Equity)

 

Most new EVs sold in the U.S. willuse a high nickel cathode requiring LiOH. RK Equity is forecasting 85%-90% hydroxide usage for U.S. cathodes in 2025. Thus,Foremost Lithium’s supply of SC6 to North American based processors of LiOH will be ideally suited and timed to engage withthe U.S. market.

 

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Figure 11 - OEMs and cathode choice(Source: Company reports & news articles)

 

The U.S. currently has approximately15KT LCE of local chemical production capacity – a fraction of the 500KT LCE demand in 2030 as we forecasted. Therefore,we forecast that the United States and North America will need to greatly increase their supply of lithium. There is a narrowwindow to create a regional lithium supply chain that is both scalable and sustainable with a low carbon footprint. We believethat the quickest route to scaling greenfield lithium production in North America is hard rock to hydroxide.

 

Figure 12 - Costcomparison for hydroxide (Source: Frontier presentation)

 

We believe it is highly likely thatthe U.S. and North America will emulate Europe’s battery raw material strategy and target a high percentage of local lithiumchemical production. If the U.S. and North America do pursue that course, there are a limited number of locations to availableto supply the lithium production needed.

 

Ideal Location

 

The available pool of spodumene concentrate projectsin historic mining jurisdictions is limited. We view Manitoba, Quebec, and Ontario hard rock assets as future strategic suppliersof SC6 to the North American and possibly European battery supply chains.

 

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Figure 13 - Spodumene concentrateprojects in Canada and Europe (Source: Piedmont Lithium)

 

According tothe International Energy Agency (“IEA”), Canada’s electricity generation is over 80% renewables and nuclear,while China and Australia electricity generation is over 75% coal, oil and natural gas. Additionally, Manitoba is a green province,with 97%20 of electricity derived from renewable sources. This offers the potential to havea nearly net zero SC6 processing plant. Therefore, with a reduced production and transport carbon footprint and no need for customersto hold higher inventory levels, we believe domestic North American hydroxide supply will trade at a $1,000 per tonne premiumto China.

 

 

Figure 14 - Electricity generationmix (Source: IEA)

 

The Lithium Lane Propertiesare ideally located to take advantage of both hard rock strategic lithium assets and a favorable source of renewable energy forlithium mining and processing in Manitoba. In addition, the Lithium Lane Properties are strategically located in North America’s“Auto Alley.” With the Hudson Bay Railway having a railhead 30 km from our project, the Lithium Lane Properties haveaccess to means of transportation to bring our lithium product north to the Port of Churchill, for shipment to Europe, or Southto Auto Alley. The map below shows the extended reach of CN’s rail lines into the US Auto Alley.

 

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Figure 15 - CN’snetwork of rail lines (Source: CN website)

 

If one compares the map above to the map of the NAFTA superhighway below, the Lithium Lane Propertiesare strategically situated to access and address this market.

 

 

Figure 16 - U.S.“NAFTA Superhighway” (Source: https://www.peaktraffic.org/nafta.html)

 

Recent Volatilityin Lithium Prices

 

Since January 2023, the price of lithiumhas dropped substantially, even as sales of EVs have increased. Some analysts believe that the decreases were caused by short-termfactors, while others suggest that the drop is more permanent. However, many experts have noted that despite such decreases, theprice for lithium remains high relative to historical levels and that additional sources of lithium supply will be necessary tomeet the increasing demand for EVs.

 

In May 2023, Morgan Stanley publisheda report stating that it believed that lithium market had reached a turning point, at least for now. Morgan Stanley noted thatcarbonate prices in China, which have decreased since hitting records in November 2022, have rallied on renewed optimism overEV demand.

 

According to the report, “althoughChina’s EV sales and battery production are back in growth mode after a lackluster start of the year, cathode and batterycell producers are still not fully back buying in the spot market, but sentiment is clearly improving, and their lithium inventoriesappear to have eroded. Unlike for nickel and cobalt, we still model a full-year lithium market deficit for 2023, and we expectthe recently oversupplied lithium market to become tighter again for the remainder of 2023. We see some upside risk to our 2H23base case forecast for an average China lithium carbonate price of $25/kg.”

 

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BUSINESS

 

Overview

 

Foremost Lithium Resource & TechnologyLtd. is an exploration stage company that is primarily engaged in the hard-rock exploration and acquisition of lithium propertiesin Canada.

 

Our goal is tobecome a strategic supplier to processors of battery-grade LiOH to supply the growing electric vehicle battery and battery storagemarkets. There are several positive tailwinds for lithium demand, particularly hydroxide in the United States. The global lithium-ionbattery market size is expected to reach USD $182.53 billion by 2030. We believe it is highly likely that North America will emulateEurope’s battery raw material strategy and target a high percentage of local lithium chemical production. The United Statescurrently has approximately 15KT LCE of local chemical production capacity – a fraction of the 500KT LCE demand in 2030as we forecasted. As hard rock to hydroxide offers the shortest greenfield route to increased supply, and Foremost Lithium’sland position hosts significant potential, projects such as Foremost Lithium’s Lithium Lane Properties will be seen as strategicin the years to come.

 

We hold or have option to acquire interestsin mining claims covering over 42,000 acres (17,100 hectares) primed for exploration with our four main core Lithium Lane Properties,as well as our Jol Property, located in the province of Manitoba, Canada.

 

We also have a secondary ambitionacquired of pursuing precious metal exploration on our Winston Property located in New Mexico, USA. We the Lac Simard South Property in May 2023, with 12 identified pegmatites in Quebec,Canada.

 

We currently consider the four LithiumLane Properties to be our material properties, while our Winston Property, Lac Simard South Property, and our Jol Property miningclaim in Manitoba, Canada, are considered to be non-material properties. All of our properties are in the exploration stage.

Figure 1 -Location map of Foremost Properties in North America

 

Lithium Lane Properties

 

Our primary focus is on explorationon and eventually the development of our Lithium Lane Properties, which in aggregate encompass 78 discrete claims totaling over42,000 acres (17,100 hectares), consisting of: (1) the Zoro Property; (2) the Jean Lake Property; (3) the Grass River Property;and (4) the Peg North Property. Our Lithium Lane Properties are located in close proximity to each other, in west-central Manitoba,east of the historic mining friendly town of Snow Lake. Each of these properties consists of undeveloped provincial land on whichwe hold mining claims or options to acquire or earn interests in mining claims and are predominately surrounded by black spruceand jack pine forest with sufercial sediments such as trembling aspen.

 

We are in the business of exploringour Lithium Lane Properties. We expect that following a planned six-phase exploration approach will demonstrate potential furtherS-K 1300 compliant resources and will lead to delineating a lithium resource to direct ship ore (“DSO”) to a productionfacility in the area to create a revenue stream.

 

Figure 2 - Claims Map of Foremost’s Lithium LaneProperties

 

Local Environment

 

The Lithium LaneProperties are ideally located in the Province of Manitoba, Canada, where 97% of the electrical energy supply is from hydro-electricrenewable sources. The region of Snow Lake, where the Lithium Lane Properties are situated, is mining friendly, and the HudsonBay Railway runs within 30km of the Lithium Lane Properties. The valley located directly east of the property could serve as apotential tailing storage area. Winter access roads to the property can be used for hauling purposes. The Snow Lake region ismarked by short, cool summers and long, cold winters. The region has a sub-humid high boreal climate. The Hudson Bay rail runsnorth to the Port of Churchill which supplies access to Europe by ship, or south to the EV manufacturing markets in Michigan andthe southern United States.

 

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Property Geology and Lithium Mineralization

 

To date, a total of over $9.5 millionhas been spent on exploration works on the Lithium Lane Properties, with most of the work has been applied to the Zoro Property.The Zoro, Jean Lake, Peg North, and Grass River spodumene bearing, lithium-enriched pegmatite dyke clusters occur on either sideof the Crowduck Bay Fault. To the east of Wekusko Lake there are three main clusters of spodumene-bearing pegmatite dykes knownas the Thompson Brothers, Sherritt Gordon and Zoro pegmatites. The Thompson Brothers (Violet) and Sherritt Gordon type pegmatitesand appear to connect or extend onto the Company’s Jean Lake and Peg North projects. The Green Bay (Zoro) pegmatites arelocated about 5km east of the Thompson Brothers property. Lithium Projects are bound by the Crowduck Bay Duck Fault as well aresituated along the “Thompson Brothers Lithium Trend (TBL)”, known to be associated for lithium-enriched pegmatitedyke clusters.

 

Zoro Property

 

At the Zoro Property, we have conductedexploration and completed an S-K 1300 technical report summary that declares a Li2O inferred mineral resource. TheLi2O inferred mineral resource estimate for the Zoro Property as of January 16, 2023 is 1,074,567 tonnes in situ ata grade of 0.91% Li2O, with a cut-off of 0.3% Li2O and metallurgical recovery of 90%. To date, the ZoroProperty is the only project where the Company has a S-K 1300 compliant initial assessment report with an inferred mineral resourceestimate. This S-K 1300 compliant technical report summary was prepared to support ongoing exploration and development by theCompany. Its primary goal was to review existing and newly discovered lithium pegmatite dykes on the property based on explorationwork finished before July 2018. It would utilize the related geoscientific database to demonstrate sufficient technical meritto continue the assessment of known pegmatite dykes and to explore for repetitions of this style of mineralization. The Companyhas drilled 10,000 meters of core and documented a total of 16 spodumene mineralized pegmatite dykes on the Zoro Property. Basedon the 2023 S-K 1300 compliant report, a base case in situ inferred mineral resource for Dyke 1 on the property was determined.The reporting cut-off is 0.3 percent Li2O and the metallurgical recovery is 90%. Dyke 1 contains 1,074,567 tonnes at 0.91% Li2O.

 

The inferred resource on the Zoro Propertyis entirely from a single high-grade lithium bearing spodumene pegmatite dyke (Dyke-1) partially outcropping at surface on theZoro Property. The Company has subsequently discovered a total of sixteen (16) spodumene mineralized pegmatite dykes which remainopen for further drilling to build substantial additional S-K 1300 compliant resources and completed a successful April 2022 drillprogram. The Company completed UAV-assisted magnetic and Lidar surveys which integrate data sets with MMI soil geochemical data,mapping and prospecting data as well as drill core data. The Company will use this data to determine the most effective step outand infill drill program. Simultaneously, the Company successfully completed its program with Glencore Canada (“XPS”)to process an initial 500 kg mini bulk sample of spodumene-bearing pegmatite from Dyke-1 into a SP6 technical specification spodumeneconcentrate into battery-grade LiOH and Li2CO3 while maximizing lithium recovery and significant CAPEX and OPEX savings.

 

Jean Lake Lithium and Gold Property

 

In August 2021, the Company discoveredtwo beryl pegmatite outcrops on the Jean Lake Property which assayed high-grade lithium. These high-grade assay results included3.89 Li2O% to 5.17% Li2O%. As a result of airborne magnetics, the Company has currently defined 14 high priority drill targetson Jean Lake Property – including the two “Beryl” pegmatites. The Company commenced its 3,000 meter 24-holedrill program in December of 2022 and recently completed this drill program in the first quarter of 2023, with assays now shippedto the labs with results pending. Prior to drilling, all drill targets were identified through a combination of prospecting, soiland rock chip geochemical surveys and UAV-assisted magnetic surveys.

 

Grass River Lithium Property

 

The Company is currently aware of 17historically mapped and drilled spodumene mineralized pegmatite dykes on the Grass River Property which have yet to be fully delineatedor drilled to S-K 1300 standards (previous 1959 results are not applicable although they clearly evidence 7 spodumene mineralizedpegmatites). We have completed UAV-assisted magnetic and Lidar surveys and intend to integrate that data with the historical mappingand prospecting data, and historical drill core data with interpretation expected to be released in the third quarter of 2023.Over the second and third quarters of 2023, the Company will undertake prospecting and targeted MMI soil geochemical surveys overareas of specific interest identified from the drone magnetic survey in preparation for a projected drill program in the fourthquarter of 2023.

 

Peg North Lithium Property:

 

The Company acquired the Peg NorthProperty in the second quarter of 2022 and has used targeted MMI, together with boots on the ground prospecting, to delineatethe five (5) historically documented spodumene pegmatites on the property in the second and third quarters of 2022. The Companyflew airborne geophysics over the entire property in 2022. During the second and third quarters of 2023, the Company will undertakeprospecting and Mobile Metal Ion soil geochemical surveys over areas of specific interest identified from drone magnetic surveysfor the same program as outlined in the Grass River Property.

 

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Project Timelines

 

The Table below summarizes our currentstatus and next major milestone activity: 

Figure 3 - Project Timelines

 

Foremost Lithium’s Phased Mineral Exploration Process

 

We intend to analyze each of the LithiumLane Properties in detail to determine their current status and scheduled future activities. This is the fundamental executionstrategy that we employ to create unlock world-class hard rock lithium resources in Snow Lake, Manitoba, Canada.

 

How Data Adds Value from Prospectingto Production

 

Finding world-class hard rock lithiummineralized spodumene mine requires judicious and methodical work. Our approach is to have a dedicated experienced technical teamuse all available modern subsurface characterization techniques together with historical field data. The primary question we poseto ourselves at this stage is: “Where do we look and how do we find it?” Deploying exploration capital is fundamentalto gaining the requisite data, which is then processed into knowledge and understanding of the lithium deposit.

 

Phase 1: Acquire Quality Claims

 

No amount of exploration budget canfind minerals on land that doesn’t have minerals. There are two key factors that have allowed us to acquire our properties.

 

Working from the known - Lithium mineralized spodumene pegmatite dykes tend to form in clusters, or fields in prolific belts, hosted by fault structures which permit economic deposition. The Snow Lake pegmatite fields are hosted by the Crowduck Bay fault which runs (strikes) South-West to North-East from Wekusko Lake up into the mouth of the Grass River. For example, Cerney, et. al. [1981] , Frarey, et. al. [1950], Bailes [1985] Cancelled Assessment Files (CAF) of the Manitoba government, and Jay Kay Exploration Syndicate exploration drilling logs from 1959 provided compelling regional data and supported evidence of a significant spodumene mineralized pegmatite field in this specific area. Prospective areas with potential for discoveries can be identified by reviewing other geological data. There is significant historical geological data which has uncovered only a small fraction of the outcropped resource targets. Foremost Lithium’s VP of Exploration Dr. Mark Fedikow has been actively exploring in the Snow Lake area including the Wekusko Lake pegmatite fields for over 3 decades and consequently Foremost Lithium’s exploration occurs along and outward from the known mineralization hosted by the Crowduck Bay fault. We have used this existing knowledge to target specific properties for acquisition and development.

 

Community Engagement – Our team has excellent relationships in the Snow Lake area. These relationships ensure we know the owners of the highest quality land and ensure we are given the opportunity to acquire this land when available. We have either staked, acquired, or hold options to acquire and control 78 claims over 42,000 acres (17,100 hectares) in the highly prospective Snow Lake pegmatite fields, including the entire northern extension of the Crowduck Bay Fault. To date, we have mapped and defined numerous spodumene mineralized pegmatite occurrences and identified 16 spodumene-bearing pegmatites on the Lithium Lane Properties.

 

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Phase 2: Prospecting

 

After acquiring a property, we conductour first pass prospecting of outcrop areas, which focuses on known pegmatites as well as additional lithium-bearing pegmatites.Includes surficial geochemical surveys including MMI to help delineate new targets and is integrated with other geoscientificdatabases.

 

Phase 3: UAV-Borne Magnetic Surveys

 

In this phase, we use UAV-Borne magneticsurveys to aid us utilize 3D technology to define the extent and magnetic signature of the spodumene pegmatite dykes and enclosinggeologic environment. LiDAR technology records detailed ground elevation measurements via laser light high resolution 3D imageryat a 2-centimeter accuracy. The survey helps with exploration, improving field work planning, and with the delineation of drilltarget.

 

UAV-flown high resolution magnetic datalends itself very well to finding new prospective drill targets with precision using high-resolution drones. We conducted a UAV-bornemagnetic survey on the Lithium Lane Properties in 2022. The UAV system’s resolution has provided excellent litho-structural detailover the Lithium Lane Properties and has generated detailed 3D models of the magnetic sources on the properties. Magnetic surveyscan provide valuable exploration information such as depth to source, dip of the body as well as the overall shape and morphologyof the lithological unit. The resolution of the survey allows targeting of bedrock structures which may host lithium pegmatitedeposits, which when coupled with 3D products from inversion of magnetic survey data provides an excellent source of informationfor us to define drill-targets based on their magnetic signatures including both magnetic and non-magnetic targets. The drone magnetometersurveys were flown with a flightline azimuth of 070º and flight-line spacing of 25m. Tie lines were established at 250m spacingwith a total of 7,472.7-line km over the Lithium Lane Properties.

 

Phase 4: Preparation

 

After the survey is conducted, we scientificallydefine drill targets via preparatory work programs and de-risk the targets with final visual reference.

 

Phase 5: Drilling

 

The first four phases allow us to determinea number of targets. On each target, we construct a well thought through thesis of where economic mineralization exists, and theput the thesis into practice once exploration drill rigs are brought to site. The drilling phase includes the following steps:

 

  Drilling – Diamond drills allow exploration holes that can be hundreds of meters deep. Each hole extracts a small diameter of rock (referred to as core) from the subsurface.

 

  Core logging – The details of each drill hole (such as rock type, structure, alteration) must be logged extensively and accurately. Core is analyzed and reviewed for visible prospective minerals of interest. We look for visible concentrations of spodumene mineralization hosted within a pegmatite dyke structural fabric.

 

  Assay Results – Core samples are submitted to the lab for assays that determine how much Li2O is present in the rock.

 

  Re-Interpretation – We conduct live interpretation of the drill data, creating a dynamic drill program.

 

Phase: 6: Discovery

 

Discovery is the most exciting partof the process. This phase is when the resource is uncovered, and interpretation of the quality and quantity of ore comes to realization.All of the information learned in the previous phases inform the specific targeting and subsequent drilling of high value explorationtargets.

 

Additional Phases

 

Assessment

 

When initial drilling yields positiveresults, we will start step out drilling to see how far the mineralization extends along a strike azimuthal trend, and if it goesdeeper. Once we have more information on these boundaries, we can commence infill drilling, which is drilling in the gaps betweenexisting holes to build confidence in the cumulative size and grade of the mineralization, to provide more information that canbe used to determine if we have a discovery. We have drilled 70 exploration holes, which represent just over 10,000m of diamonddrill core on our Zoro Property. That core has been logged and integrated into our 3D data model. Assay results on 60 of the 70exploration holes are currently inside our 3D data model.

 

Once the drill core has evidenced adiscovery of Li2O mineralized spodumene pegmatites then estimation can begin to determine how large the deposit is. At this stage,we can produce an S-K 1300 compliant mineral resource estimate.

 

Deposit Definition

 

Scientists and geologists will worktogether to analyze and define a deposit from samples sent out to a laboratory and determine whether the quality and quantityof Li2O is sufficient to move into production of ≥ 6% Li2O spodumene concentrate (SC6), and potentially upgrade that SC6 intoLiOH with the benefit of a chemical processing facility.

 

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Mineral Resource Calculation

 

At this vital stage, we will lay out the tonnage and gradeof the deposit. Different methods are used in accordance with the ore geology, geometry and boundaries. Some of the steps involvedwill be:

 

  Drilling additional diamond core drill holes – This increases the potential resource, boosts confidence level, offers another chance of making additional discoveries and enhances overall knowledge and understanding.

 

  Conducting metallurgical tests – These mimic the process employed at both a processing facility to yield SC6 and a chemical upgrading facility to yield a saleable battery-grade LiOH product and provide confidence that the lithium ore we will mine can be converted into a saleable product.

 

  Conducting environmental assessments and assessing corporate social responsibility – Significant work is performed to test and model how a potential mine might impact the surrounding environment, ecosystems, and the local community of Snow Lake.

 

  Assessing risks – This involves a rigorous analysis of what could go wrong and development of solutions to address such problems.

 

  Utilizing our 3D model – the Leapfrog 3D model will employ a S-K 1300 compliant economic modelling and analytics platform to use all existing data and create a highly accurate and detailed model of the lithium mineralized pegmatite orebodies.

 

  Designing mines – a detailed engineering analysis will be undertaken to determine how the mine can be designed to maximize Li2O ore extraction in a safe and low cost manner.

 

Development Decision & Financing

 

At this stage, we will develop financeand production plans to ensure funds for mine construction and mine operations. By this point, we will have a clear vision ofthe deposit and its potential and decide whether to move the resource into production.

 

Non-Core Assets

 

Winston

 

The Winston Property has promisinggeology and is also an exciting opportunity for our Company. This 2,800 acre land package has returned promising gold/silver samplesin the past, and based on these higher grade samples, a 2023 drill program is currently being planned. We are exploring the possibilityof spinning out this property, which could result in dividend shares to our shareholders. We would also consider engaging in ajoint venture with a precious metals focused participant.

 

Jol Property

 

We completed the acquisition of a 25 acre (62 hectare) property(the “Jol Property”) situated due north from the Jean Lake Property, and due west of Zoro Property, on July 12, 2022.This small parcel of land is situated in an area historically noted for high critical metal nickel and copper contents, althoughthere has been no exploration follow-up in recent times. The property is also within the area of geological influence of the CrowduckBay Fault, and as such offers the potential to host lithium-bearing pegmatite dykes. We intend to conduct further explorationon the property and may also consider selling the property to any interested buyers.

 

Lac Simard South Property

 

This property is situated near a lithium-densearea of Quebec, Canada in an active lithium camp with established concentrators and refineries consisting of 80 mining claims coveringapproximately 11,482 acres (4,647 hectares). This location offers year-round access with proximity to infrastructure enabling usto explore and drill during all seasons. We anticipate our exploration to commence in summer 2023 on the 12 pegmatites that wereidentified from satellite imagery. These pegmatites are located approximately 90km southwest from The NAL Lithium Processing Plant(A Piedmont/Sayona Joint Venture), and 80 km southwest of Val-D’or, a logistics hub for mining services. With close proximityto refineries and concentrators and easy access to infrastructure, we intend optimize the advantages the property offers, and maximizethese key benefits.

 

Marketing and Advertising

 

We intend to solidify and broaden ourengagement with strategic partners by delivering a saleable SC6 Li2O product. OurDMS and flotation of DMS Middlings, together achieved a global lithium recover of 81.6% at a spodumene concentrate grade of 5.88%,demonstrating that our spodumene concentrate is capable of producing both battery grade lithium carbonate (Li2CO3) or lithiumhydroxide (LiOH),while returning an extremely favourable OPEX/CAPEX to our Company.

 

Manitobais currently home to North America’s only hard-rock lithium mine, the world-class Tanco Mine, only 600km from Foremost,which provides us an opportunity to create a near-term revenue stream by the DSO (Direct Shipping Ore) to mines in our area. Lithiumsupply has not grown in lockstep with demand, and battery manufacturers as well as electric vehicles makers have been sourcingand securing their lithium supply farther in advance. We feel this provides us a great strategic opportunity to solidifycontracts with long-term partners.

 

Our Customers

 

Chemical companies that convert SC6to LiOH and Electric Vehicle Manufacturers would be the primary direct and indirect customers. These include Tesla, Rivian, GeneralMotors, BMW, Nissan, Mercedes, Jaguar, and Audi automobile manufacturers, among others. We believe that, assuming we prove ourlithium resources and operate a functioning lithium ore mining and processing facility, we will be well positioned to be a supplierof choice to these OEMs, based on the competitive economics enabled by our well-situated geographical location, renewable energysources, and mining friendly government regime.

 

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Competition

 

We face intense competition in themineral exploration and exploitation industry on an international, national, and local level. We compete with other mining andexploration companies, many of which possess greater financial resources and technical facilities than we do, in connection withthe exploration and mining of suitable properties as well as the engagement of qualified personnel. The lithium exploration andmining industry is fragmented, and we are a very small participant in this sector. Many of our competitors explore for a varietyof minerals and control many different properties around the world. Many of them have been in business longer than we have andhave established more strategic partnerships and relationships and have greater financial accessibility than we have. We are alsosubject to competition from other large national and international mining companies such as Sayona Mining Limited and FrontierLithium Ltd. In our view, given the expected level of demand for lithium, it will be a seller’s market so there will bemany customers interested in the lithium we extract.

 

Intellectual Property

 

We do not have any registered intellectual property rights.

 

Facilities

 

Our corporate address is 2500 - 700West Georgia Street, Vancouver, British Columbia V7Y 1B3 Canada. Currently, we do not maintain any office or operational facilitiesother than a leased space used to store our core samples in Snow Lake Manitoba. We believe that we will be able to obtain adequatefacilities, principally through leasing, to accommodate our future expansion plans.

 

Employees

 

We currently do not have any employees.

 

Our executive officers and adviserswork for us as independent contractors under consulting agreements. These agreements require consultants to protect our confidentialinformation during their engagement with us. In addition, these consulting agreements include typical non-compete clauses thatprohibit the consultants from entering competitive employment relationships while they are working for us.

 

Insurance

 

We currently insure our directors andofficers through our D&O insurance policy. We currently do not insure against mine exploration and development risks.

 

Legal Proceedings

 

From time to time, we may become involvedin various lawsuits and legal proceedings which arise in the ordinary course of business. Litigation is subject to inherent uncertaintiesand an adverse result in these, or other matters may arise from time to time that may harm our business. We are currently notaware of any such legal proceedings or claims that we believe will have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition,or operating results. One legal action the Company is involved with is described following.

 

On December 22, 2021, we commencedlitigation against former management, Gammack and Dinning, shortly after they were replaced as directors following our contestedshareholder meeting. The claim is for unspecified damages in addition to approximately $150,000 of compensation to Gammack andDinning that was not paid. We dispute that the amounts were owing or that the contracts were validly entered into prior to thepayments being made. We garnished their bank accounts and the amounts claimed were paid by certain banks into court.

 

On May 12, 2022, Gammack andDinning filed a counterclaim for damages relating to their termination including a two-year change of control payments underthe alleged management contracts which would total approximately $400,000. We consented to the release of $150,000 that hadbeen garnished to be paid out of court to the defendants.

 

The parties have reached an agreementto settle the claim and counterclaim by the release of the funds held in court to the defendants, which has occurred and the paymentof $10,000 in total for costs to the defendants, which funds have been paid. The parties have exchanged releases. The consentdismissal order dismissing the claim and counterclaim has been filed with the court.

  

Government Regulation

 

Our business is subject to a varietyof laws and regulations applicable to companies’ conducting business in the mining industry. In Canada, mining law is dividedbetween the federal and provincial governments. Ownership of lands and minerals belongs to the province in which they are located.Within the Province of Manitoba, mining activity is regulated by the Department of Agriculture and Resource Development and isgoverned primarily by provisions of The Mines and Minerals Act (Manitoba) together with its accompanying regulations and guidelines.The provinces have jurisdiction over mineral exploration, development, conservation, and management. The federal government sharesjurisdiction with the provinces on some related matters (taxation and the environment) and has exclusive jurisdiction over areassuch as exports and foreign investment controls. Federal and provincial legislation affecting mining activities tends to fallinto two main categories: (a) private matters of title and taxation; and (b) economic, social, and environmental policies.

 

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PROPERTIES

 

MaterialProperties – The Lithium Lane Properties

 

ZoroProperty

 

Portionsof this section regarding the Zoro Property are derived from the S-K 1300 technical report summary, “Technical Report onthe Zoro Lithium Project, Snow Lake, Manitoba”, with an effective date of January 16, 2023, prepared by Mark Fedikow andScott Zelligan, Qualified Persons under S-K 1300. Mr. Fedikow is a consultant and officer of the Company, serving as the Company’sVice President Exploration. Mr. Zelligan is a self-employed, independent resource geologist and is not an employee of the Company.Neither Mr. Fedikow nor Mr. Zelligan is affiliated with any other entity that has an ownership, royalty or other interest in theproperty.

 

TheZoro Property is an exploration stage property located in west-central Manitoba 249 km southeast of Thompson and 571 km north-northeastof Winnipeg and approximately 20 km east of the town of Snow Lake. Nearby infrastructureincludes a power line servicing the town of Snow Lake approximately 5 km south of the property, the Snow Lake airport and an all-weathergravel road 11 km west of the property, and a rail link located atWekusko siding, 20 km to the south of the small historic gold mining community of Herb Lake Landing which is 30 km south of theproperty. The nearest road link is a seasonal gravel road on the east side of Wekusko Lake that accesses the village of Herb LakeLanding and Provincial Highway 392 to the south.

 

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Figure1 – Depicts the Zoro Property with its 16 spodumene dykes

 

Access to the property is by eitherhelicopter or fixed-wing aircraft, or by driving north on provincial highway 39 to Bartlett’s Landing, taking a 20km boatride across Wekusko Lake, and using drill roads and ATV trails the remainder of the way. Based upon the UTM Grid, the propertyis located at coordinates 455,000 meters east and 6,085,000 meters north, as illustrated in Figure 1 above (GPS coordinates are54.8575, -99.6461) The Zoro Property has no mineral reserves under S-K 1300. The S-K 1300 mineral resource estimate for the propertyis included below, under “Mineral Resource Estimates”. The book value of the property as of December 31, 2022was $6.008 million. The Zoro Property is comprised of 16 mineral claims totaling 7,425 acres (3,003 hectares).

 

Propertyand Ownership

 

OnApril 28, 2016, the Company entered into an option agreement granting it an option to purchase the rights to the lithium and relatedlithium compounds or mineralization of the Zoro 1 mineral claim in exchange for certain payments of common shares and cash. TheCompany made initial payments of common shares and $50,000 in cash. On April 28, 2017, the option agreement was amended and theCompany completed the purchase of the rights to the lithium and related lithium compounds or mineralization of the Zoro 1 in considerationfor additional common shares of the Company and a non-interest-bearing promissory note for $100,000 that was paid in due course.

 

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OnAugust 4, 2016, the Company entered into an option agreement with Strider Resources Limited (“Strider”) granting theCompany the option to acquire an undivided 100% interest in all lithium-bearing pegmatite dykes on claim Jake 3558 (P3558F) anda 350-metre-wide strip along the northeast edge of claim Jake 3558 that includes portions of adjacent claims Bert 6304 (MB6304)and Bert 797 (MB797), subject to a 2% net smelter return royalty, or NSR. The optioned interest did not include any interest inand to any mineral not contained within or immediately adjacent to or contiguous with the lithium-bearing pegmatite dykes. OnMay, 10, 2017 the Company completed the acquisition of the optioned interest. The consideration was common shares of the Companyand $250,000 in cash. Pursuant to the option agreement, the Company retains a right to repurchase one-half of the 2% NSR for $1,000,000at any time prior to commercial production.

 

On September 20, 2017, the Companyentered into a second option agreement with Strider, granting the Company the option to acquire an undivided 100% interest inall lithium-bearing pegmatite dykes on claims Jake 9 (P3031F), Jake 1054 (MB 1054), Jake 2655 (MB 2655), Jake 3557 (MB 3557),Jake 54199 (W54199), Jake 10 (P3032F), Jake 2412 (MB 2412), Jake 2413 (MB 2413), Jake 54745 (W54745), CRO 5734 (MB 5734) subjectto a 2% NSR. The optioned interest did not include any interest in and to any mineral not contained within or immediately adjacentto or contiguous with the lithium-bearing pegmatite dykes. On August 19, 2019, the Company announced that they completed the acquisitionof the optioned interest. The consideration was common shares of the Company, $250,000 in cash and the expenditure of at least$500,000 in exploration expenses. Pursuant to the second option agreement, the Company retains the right to repurchase one-halfof the 2% NSR for $1,000,000 at any time prior to commercial production. Finally, the Company acquired claims BAZ 12131 (MB12131)and BAZ 12133 (MB12133) upon mutual agreement by both parties, which claims were added to the second option agreement. The twoadditional Baz claims were staked by Strider on December 2017, as they were within a 2 km area of influence and were then registeredwith the Manitoba Mines Branch on January 10, 2018

 

Theoptioned interest provides indirect right, title, and interest in and to all lithium bearing pegmatite dykes contained in, onor under the property and including, without limitation, all related commercial pegmatite minerals (“Pegmatite Minerals”).The option interest does not include any interest in gold and other precious metals or minerals or ore containing same, base metalsor minerals or ore containing same, diamonds, garnets, amphiboles, and talc in or on the property. No negotiations are requiredfor access to the property and surface rights reside with the Manitoba government. In Manitoba, a mining claim is physically stakedon the ground by blazing the outline of the claim with an axe or chainsaw and erecting claim posts at the corners and along theoutline of the claim. The time, claim name and claim staker’s identification is marked on a claim tag which is affixed tothe claim posts. Exploration work is physically undertaken on the claim and this work is described in an assessment report thatwhen approved by the Manitoba government assessment geologist provides credits that can be applied to the claim to keep the claimin good standing. Costs to maintain a claim are calculated at a rate of $12.50 per hectare annually for a claim held for lessthan 10 years. After 10 years the rate doubles to $25.00 per hectare.

 

Claim,Size and Expiry and Year Cost

 

Claim Name Claim Number Size Hectares Expiry Date Yearly
Holding Costs
Holder
ZORO 1 P1993F 52 May/13/2067

$1,300

Foremost Lithium (formerly Far Resources)
JAKE P3558F 250 September/1/2042 $6,250 Strider Resources Ltd
BERT MB6304 28 May/16/2045 $700 Strider Resources Ltd
BERT MB797 27 August/15/2041 $675 Strider Resources Ltd
JAKE 9 P3031F 256 May/26/2030 $6400 Strider Resources Ltd
JAKE 1054 MB1054 240 July/16/2030 $6000 Strider Resources Ltd
JAKE 2655 MB2655 255 July16/20340 $6,375 Strider Resources Ltd
JAKE 3557 P3557F 256 September/1/2030 $6,400 Strider Resources Ltd
JAKE 54199 W54199 131 January/7/2030 $3,275 Strider Resources Ltd
JAKE 10 P3032F 173 April/28/2040 $4,325 Strider Resources Ltd
JAKE 2412 MB2412 256 July/16/2040 $6,400 Strider Resources Ltd
JAKE 2413 MB2413 196 July/16/2040 $4,900 Strider Resources Ltd
JAKE 54745 W54745 245 July/8/2030 $6,125 Strider Resources Ltd
CRO 5734 MB5734 192 April/12/2040 $4,800 Strider Resources Ltd
BAZ 12131 MB12131 192 March/11/2030 $2,400 Strider Resources Ltd
BAZ12133 MB12133 256 March/11/2030 $3,200 Strider Resources Ltd

 

TOTAL NUMBER OF CLAIMS = 16 TOTAL AREA = 3,003 Hectares (7,425 acres)

 

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Figure2 - Regional geology map of the Flin Flon-Snow Lake Greenstone Belt

 

Geology

 

ZoroLithium Pegmatites

 

Generaland detailed geology for the Zoro Property is depicted in the figures below. Mapping was performed by the Manitoba GeologicalSurvey on the property. The Zoro Property is underlain by ocean floor volcanic rocks of the Roberts Lake allochthon and lesseramounts of missi group sedimentary rocks. The ocean floor rocks comprise mafic volcanic and related intrusions and the missi groupconsists of sandstone, siltstone, mudstone and quartzo-feldspathic gneiss and migmatite. These lithologies are flanked to thesouth by missi group calc alkaline and tholeiitic basalt and rhyolite to dacite ash flow tuff and flows and to the east and westmore missi group sedimentary rocks. The ocean floor mafic volcanic rocks adjacent to the dykes consist of a fine- to medium-grainedstrongly foliated dark green lithology. These andesitic to basaltic lithologies are locally interbedded with volcaniclastic sedimentaryrocks and all are intruded by a quartz-phyric granite intrusion. The flows are generally fine- to medium-grained, massive witha 50°-70° lineation and strikes of N10°-30°E and steep northwest dips. Localized quartz veins, quartz laminaeand associated iron carbonate veinlets are also present in outcrop adjacent to lineaments interpreted to represent faults. Minorarsenopyrite was noted in the quartz veins and laminae. These rocks are locally rusty-weathered and crosscut by veinlets of ironcarbonate and quartz. Minor arsenopyrite and pyrite was observed in the quartz veins and laminae.

 

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Figure3 - General Geology of the Wekusko Lake Pegmatite Field Region.with Zoro Claims for Context

 

Thepegmatite dykes generally strike northwest to north-northwest with steep dips and crosscut the regional foliation at a low angle.The dykes tend to be concentric in internal structure and the grain size of the constituent minerals (potassium feldspar, quartz,spodumene and black tourmaline) coarsens towards the center of the dykes. This pattern may be locally interrupted by patches ofsaccharoidal albite, large muscovite aggregates and coarse albite stringers with garnet and beryl. Spodumene is concentrated inthe cores of the dykes. Some of the dykes have been split into sub-parallel veins by post-emplacement tectonic activity.

 

Detailedgeologic observations of the pegmatites on the property were initially hampered by caved, filled and overgrown trenches. However,after trench cleaning and mucking and the availability of drill core Martins et al. (2017) provide a detailed description of Dyke1. It is a north-trending, near-vertical body that extends for at least 280m along strike, with a maximum thickness of approximately35m. The presence of country-rock alteration was not noted in historical drill logs however, the mineral holmquistite (Li2(Mg,Fe2+)3Al2Si8O22(OH)2) was recently identified in the mafic volcanic host rock during field examinations, indicating metasomaticalteration associated with pegmatite intrusion. Rock and mineral analyses demonstrate that a broad metasomatic geochemical andmineralogical halo is present. The development of holmquistite-bearing assemblages is controlled by the introduction of Li intothe country rock during pegmatite emplacement. These assemblages reflect greenschist-facies metamorphic conditions and are onlyfound in amphibolitic wall rock, usually replacing hornblende, pyroxene or biotite (Heinrich, 1965; London, 1986). Based on historicaland recent field and laboratory work zonation in the Dyke 1 pegmatite can be defined as follows: (1) the wall zone, composed predominantlyof quartz, microcline and muscovite, with accessory tourmaline, hornblende, biotite and rare beryl and spodumene; (2) the intermediatezone, with medium-sized crystals of microcline, albite, quartz, muscovite and spodumene (<5%); (3) the central zone, with abundantspodumene (locally up to 50% but more commonly varying between 10% and 30%), albite, quartz and locally pollucite, and accessoryapatite, tourmaline, pyrrhotite, lepidolite, columbite-group minerals and Fe-Mn–phosphate minerals; (4) the core zone, composedmainly of quartz with small- to medium-grained spodumene crystals (although locally 15–20cm crystals of spodumene are observed)in a quartz matrix, with minor tourmaline and muscovite.

 

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Dyke 1 pegmatiteis the largest and best studied dyke on the Zoro Property. It is a north-south trending, near vertical body that extends for atleast 280m in length and a maximum known thickness of approximately 35m. An apparent lack of alteration in the country rock iscommonly described in the historical drill logs with only a local description of brecciation of the mafic volcanic rocks associatedwith a network of quartz veins. Recent field work identified Holmquist in the mafic volcanic country rock, indicating metasomaticalteration associated with the pegmatite intrusion, and litho geochemical analyses demonstrate that a broad metasomatic halo wasdeveloped. Holmquist-bearing assemblages are a function of the activity of lithium introduced into the pegmatite’s wallrock. These assemblages reflect greenschist facies metamorphic conditions and are only found in amphibolite wall rock usuallyreplacing hornblende, pyroxene, or biotite (Heinrich, 1965; London, 1986). Based on historical and recent drill log descriptionsthe zonation in the Dyke 1 pegmatite can be defined as follows:

 

1.wall zone is at the contact and is predominately composed of quartz, microcline, and muscovite, with accessory tourmaline, hornblende, biotite and rare beryl and spodumene.
2.intermediate zone has medium sized crystals of microcline, albite, quartz, muscovite and spodumene (less than 5%).
3.central zone has abundant spodumene (locally up to 50% but more commonly varying between 10 and 30%), albite, quartz and locally pollucite and tantalite, and accessory apatite, tourmaline, pyrrhotite, lepidolite, columbite group minerals and Fe-Mn phosphate minerals.
4.core zone is mostly composed of quartz with small to medium grained spodumene crystals (locally 15-20cm crystals of spodumene are observed) in a quartz matrix, with minor tourmaline and muscovite.

 

Based on historicaldescriptions and recent preliminary petrographic work, three stages of spodumene growth can be identified. The first is a primaryphase greenish spodumene, and the second is a spodumene plus quartz intergrowths possibly after petalite breakdown (Cerny andFerguson, 1972). The third phase consists of late bands of very fine-grained spodumene crystals that crosscut other mineral phasesor surround feldspars and muscovite grains. Locally, spodumene crystals can be surrounded by fine-grained mica described in historicaldrill logs as purple, possibly Li-mica or lepidolite. This could be indicative of a late Li-enriched episode (possibly auto- metasomatism)responsible for the formation of the later mica. Acicular opaque minerals of the columbite group are present, and locally latebands of fluorite were reported in historic assessment files associated with fractures in the pegmatite. The latest event identifiedin the thin section is characterized by late Fe-rich, quartz-calcite stringers with no definite direction that crosscut the pegmatite.Deformation is visible in the thin section in the feldspars and muscovite (kink bands in muscovite are commonly observed) suggestingthat the pegmatites are pre- to syndeformational.

 

TheGreen Bay pegmatite group (GB)

 

Thisgroup is located about 4.5 km east-northeast of the Violet-Thompson dyke. It consists of 7 dykes intruding metabasalts of theAmisk Group, in a 2 km zone trending approximately 55° from the westernmost, and largest, pegmatite (Mulligan1965). The individualdykes strike northwest to north-northwest with subvertical dips, mostly crosscutting the northeast regional foliation of the metabasalts.The pegmatite group is located inside two divergent faults striking east-northeast and north-northeast. If they are interpretedas conjugate horizontal shears, the attitude of the pegmatites would correspond to the theoretical orientation of associated tensionfractures (Mulligan 1965). Out of the seven pegmatites present, the westernmost (GB) and largest was examined in detail, and twominor dykes neighboring to the east (GBB and GBC) have been sampled for geochemical characterization. The GBA dyke is largelydrift-covered and poorly exposed in trenches over 250 metres along strike, which is approximately 350° with vertical dip.The width varies between 3 and 20 metres. The pegmatite contacts crosscut the regional schistosity at a low, and variable, angle.The dyke is roughly concentric in internal structure. Coarsening of grain size of the main constituents—K-feldspar, quartz,spodumene, and black tourmaline—towards the centre of the body is only locally interrupted by patches of saccharoidal albite,larger aggregates of muscovite, and by coarser albite stringers carrying garnet and beryl. Spodumene is concentrated in, but notconfined to, the core. Sicklerite, most probably an alteration product of triphylite, is exceptional. The GBB and GBC dykes showsimilar internal structure and composition, but they are much more influenced by post consolidation tectonic activity, which isvery sporadic in the GBA dyke. They split into several subparallel veins, and they generally show much more active structuralevolution than the main dyke. Spodumene occurs in them only in centrally located patches.

 

Asevident from the preceding descriptions, the mineralogy of all three pegmatite groups is practically identical despite the widelyseparated locations, different attitudes, and individualized internal structures. The only difference observed in the field liesin the distinct enrichment of the GBA dyke in tourmaline and beryl, particularly towards its northern end; in the other pegmatites,these two minerals are much less abundant. Geochemical characteristics show a close relationship between the Sherritt-Gordon andViolet- Thompson groups, and a much more advanced fractionation in the Green Bay pegmatites. This is shown repeatedly by the plotsof K/Rb vs. Cs in K-feldspars and muscovite, and by the Na/ Li vs. Cs plot of beryl (Fig. 165). In the Green Bay group, the highestdegree of fractionation is attained in the small dykes GBB and GBC.

 

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Figure 4 - Geologicalsetting of the Zoro Property.

 

History

 

The Zoro1 pegmatite dykes are locatedon the north side of a small lake between Roberts Lake and the south end of Crowduck Bay. Early in 1953, Cs No. 3-10, 12 (P 26973-80,82), S.R. No. 1-6 (P 7877-82) and Linda 1 (P 26983) were staked by Mrs. Johanna Stoltz, Eric Stoltz, Carl Stoltz and Edwin Stoltz,and Key No. 1-4, 8-14 (P 27159-62, 27226-27, 27164-68) were staked by John Tikkanen, Hjalmar Peterson, and Loren Fredeen. Thesewere cancelled the following year. Lit Nos. 11-5 (P 31758-62) was staked by J.J. Johnson in 1954. In 1955 Lit Nos. 6-1l8 (P 35014-26)were added by J.A. Syme. All the Lit claims were assigned to Green Bay Uranium Limited in 1956 which changed its name to GreenBay Mining & Exploration Ltd.

 

Early in 1956, before drilling commenced,samples containing more than 2% Li2O were reported (Northern Miner, January 12, 1956). A shipment of 136 kg (300 lbs.) of spodumenewas sent to Ottawa for testing in 1956. This sample assayed 1.19% Li2O, with minor NbO5. Historic ore dressing tests concludedthat good liberation and separation could not be affected (Mineral Dressing and Process Metallurgy Report in Green Bay Mining& Exploration Ltd., Corporation File). Over 6096 m (20 000 ft.) of diamond drilling was done on Lit No. 1-4, with at least3048 m (10 000 ft.) of this on the main dyke. Results of the drilling on dykes 1, 3, 5 and 7 were reported to be “promising”.Assays of 2.42% to 7.28% Li2O were reported from Dyke 5 (Green Bay; Corporation File). Dyke 5 was apparently 305 m long x 12 mwide (1000 x 40 ft.); Dyke No. 7, over 457 m x 24 m (1500 x 80 ft.). Several of the holes went deeper than 305 m (1000 ft.). Drillingon Lit 10, 16 and 17 amounted to 1950 m (6399 ft.). Gold was also found on the property, with a 3.3 kg (7.25 lb.) sample across3.4 m (11 ft.) yielding 0.17 ounces per ton gold (Green Bay; Corporation File). The claims were assigned to J.A. Syme in 1963.Several airborne surveys were done in the area between 1948 and 1973:

 

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After the historical drillhole locationswere determined, an excel drillhole database was compiled. All 78 historical PDF drill logs were entered into the database byhand. All relevant data was captured including survey data, major and minor lithologies, alteration, pegmatite mineral composition,structure, and assay data when available. A legend was created, and rock codes were assigned. Lithologies were consolidated whennecessary to model the dykes in 3 dimensions. Historical drillholes that intersected Dyke 1 were de-surveyed in Studio EM (Datamine).Seventeen cross-sections (spaced at 25m intervals perpendicular to Dyke 1) and 7 plan maps (spaced at 50m elevation intervalsbelow surface) were created for interpretation. Interpretations of the pegmatite, gneiss, schist, metavolcanics, and overburdenwere done by hand drawing. These interpretations were then scanned, digitized in AutoCAD, and wireframed in Studio EM. A modelof the Dyke 1 pegmatite was created from the cross-sections and plan maps, which served as the basis for the Company’s drilltargeting. Between November of 2016 and November of 2017, the Company conducted three small drilling programs on Dyke 1 to validatehistorical drilling results and to test the pegmatite farther along strike and at depth. A total of 19 drillholes summing 2,920.4mwere drilled through these three exploration phases focused exclusively on Dyke 1. In the first quarter of 2018, the Company conducteda larger drilling program which not only continued the definition of Dyke 1 but also began drill testing other lithium bearingdykes on the property (Dykes 2, 4, 5 and 7).

 

Exploration

 

The disclosure of exploration resultscontained in this section is based on information and supporting documentation provided by a Qualified Person. Exploration byForemost Lithium commenced in 2016 with prospecting, geological mapping, soil geochemical surveys, mineral and rock geochemicalsurveys and collaborative research by external agencies. These programs lead to four diamond drill campaigns. A total of 80 rocksamples and 1640 soil samples have been collected and analyzed. Rock samples were collected from trenched and from limited outcrop.Soil samples were collected at 30m spacing along survey lines which were spaced 100m apart. These samples allow the company togenerate potential diamond drill targets. To see results and methods of sampling, including analytical protocols, please reviewSection 8.1.3 of Zoro Technical Report Summary for rock samples, and Section 8.2 of the Zoro Technical Report Summaryfor soil samples.

 

Prospecting

 

Prospecting teams active on the ZoroProperty have prepared existing outcrop exposures for sampling and mapping and have documented new outcrop exposures for follow-up.An expanded property position has resulted in part from these activities. The teams have also undertaken rock chip and soil geochemicalMMI surveys to quantify and qualify historic lithium assays and assess overburden covered terrain for geochemical signatures ofburied lithium-bearing pegmatite. Glacial and organic sediments are extensive on the property and blanket areas where the potentialfor additional pegmatite dykes and the delineation of potential drill targets is high.

 

Rock and Soil Geochemical Surveys

 

Rock and soil sampling surveys wereundertaken to assess the property for indications of mineralization and to provide data for possible drill targets. Rock sampleswere collected from outcrop exposures as representative chip samples and as channel samples cut with a rock saw. Soil Samples werecollected at 25 m sampling between 10 and 25 cm below the contact between organic and inorganic soil using a Dutch auger.

 

Sample locations were documented byway of handheld GPS. Quality assurance and quality control protocols were utilized from sample collection through laboratory submission.No sample bias was observed. A total of 80 outcrop rock samples, 165 channel samples and 1640 soil samples form the basis of thegeochemical database. All samples were transported by helicopter in sealed rock pails to a locked storage facility in Snow Lakeprior to shipping.

 

Rock samples were analyzed at ActivationLaboratories in Ancaster (Ontario) using a multielement package after a total dissolution. Soil samples were analyzed with MobileMetal Ions Technology, a partial and selective digestion, at SGS Mineral Services in Burnaby, B.C. Quality control and qualityassurance programs accompanied both rock and soil analyses.

 

For further information regarding Foremost’sprospecting, see Section 8.1.1 of the Zoro Technical Report Summary.

 

Drilling

 

Between November fall of 2016 and January2018, we have conducted four drilling programs on Dyke 1 and surrounding pegmatite dykes to validate historical drilling resultsand to test the pegmatite farther along strike and at depth.

 

To summarize these four drill programs:

 

Phase 1 drilling program occurred in November of 2016 and comprised7 drillholes totaling 1,142.0 m of NQ core.
Phase 2 drilling begun in March of 2017 because of a successfulphase 1 program. This included 7 drillholes totaling 1,088.0m of NQ core.
Phase 3 drilling begun in September 2017. This was a smaller programconsisting of 5 drillholes totaling 710.0m of NQ core.
Phase 4 drilling occurred in January of 2018 testing 19 drillholesat a length of 2,472.0m.

 

Complete details of the drilling programscan be viewed in ‘Sections 9.1.1 through 9.1.4 in the S-K 1300 in Zoro’s Technical Report Summary”.

 

In March 2022, a ten-hole 1,509-meterdrill program was undertaken to test MMI soil geochemical anomalies and assess the deeper levels of high-grade spodumene pegmatiteDyke 8 discovered in 2018. A new sixteenth spodumene-bearing pegmatite dyke on the Zoro Property was discovered during this programIt was intersected by two drill holes (c.f. April 26, 2022, news release). DDH FM22-70 drilled at -50 degrees inclination intersectedtwo pegmatite intercepts totaling 4.9 meters with up to 15% light green spodumene crystal aggregates. A second hole, DDHFM22-70Bwas drilled at a steeper inclination of -65 degrees to undercut the first pegmatite intersection and this hole intersected afive-meter intercept of the same spodumene mineralized pegmatite as hole FM22-70. High-grade spodumene pegmatite Dyke 8 was discoveredon the Zoro Property in 2018 by the drill testing of a Mobile Metal Ions soil geochemical anomaly. Drill hole Far18-35 testingthe MMI anomaly intersected 36.5 m of spodumene-bearing pegmatite.

 

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Figure5 - Location of Dyke 16 In Relation To Previously Discovered Pegmatite Dykes On The Zoro Property

 

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AssayResults

 

Atotal of 8.28 metres of spodumene-bearing pegmatite was intersected by two drill holes, DDH FM22-70 and DDHF22-70B in 2022. Spodumene-bearingpegmatite was intersected between Intersections occurred over 3.36 meters and assayed 32.44m and 35.80m downhole. Assay resultsvary from 0.04% to 1.33% Li2O in 4 core samples. over 3.36m. Hole-DDHFM22-70B, drilled to undercut the first pegmatite intercept,intersected 4.92m of spodumene-bearing pegmatite with lithium contents varying from 0.04% to 1.05% Li2O in 5 core samples. Assayresults from hole FAR18-35 included three separate intercepts of high-grade lithium including 12.3 m of 1.1% Li2O, 4.4 m of 1.2%Li2O, and 2.2 m of 1.5% Li2O (refer to Company press release dated April 26, 2022). To date, Dyke 8 has drill indicated dimensionsof 120 m in length, 5-15 m in width and has been drilled to a depth of 157 m (Company press release, April 26, 2022).

 

Mineralogy

 

TheZoro Property comprises a minimum of sixteen (16) zoned pegmatite dykes that intrude Proterozoic Amisk Group volcanic and volcaniclasticrocks in a 2-km zone trending approximately 55° northwest (Mulligan, 1965 in Cerny et al., 1981; Fedikow et. al., 1993). Thedykes strike north to northwest and dip vertically. Several have been described as gently dipping bodies (Bannatyne, 1985). Themain, most westerly dyke or Dyke 1 outcrops along the west side of a ridge, 4.5 to 6m high, and intrudes siliceous metasedimentaryrocks and amphibolite (Bannatyne, 1985). It is up to 27 m (90 ft.) wide at surface and is exposed in 16 historical cross-trenchesover a length of 183m. Based on our Company’s drilling results, lithium mineralization has been defined for 265m along strike,up to 40m wide and to a depth of 265m, Individual dykes have lengths of approximately 244 m. The outer zones of the pegmatitedykes contain pink aplite and coarse feldspar, locally green muscovite, tourmaline, and occasionally beryl. Spodumene, quartz,cleavelandite, and tourmaline form core zones with interstitial coarse feldspar. Spodumene is usually coarse-grained and is sometimesaltered. It is most prevalent in the central 9m (30 ft.) of the main dyke. In this dyke, spodumene crystals (up to 35 cm long)occur either in clusters, over widths of 6m or more, or associated with coarse tourmaline and perthite megacrysts; some spodumenecrystals show a preferred orientation of 45° to 55° (Bannatyne, 1985). One of two parallel dykes south of the main outcrop,is 5m wide, and contains spodumene crystals in pods (up to 33 cm across). In other dykes, coarse grained spodumene is abundantin lenticular bands and fine-grained spodumene is distributed through aplitic patches (Bannatyne, 1985). Beryl occurs as white,anhedral to subhedral crystals less than 1 inch (2.5 cm) in diameter in three of the seven dykes. Columbite-tantalite and sparseminute grains of pyrite and chalcopyrite were found in thin sections (Green Bay Mining & Exploration Ltd., Corporation File).

 

OtherModifying Factors

 

Apreliminary metallurgical test was conducted to determine possible concentrate grade recoverable from the Zoro dyke-1 depositin 2020. Automated mineralogy, coupled with geochemical analyses and mineral chemistry, provide valuable quantitative data thatcan be used to guide the test work and explain recoveries and potential losses. Spodumene is the primary lithium mineral in theZoro Property pegmatite and accounts for 96% of the total lithium. Lithium losses due to other than spodumene host minerals willbe minimal and favor the project. Furthermore, liberation of spodumene is 88% for the calculated head for a P80 of 600 μm.Therefore, flotation can be conducted at relatively coarse particle size to recover the spodumene. Liberation of gangue mineralsincluding quartz (89%), Na- and K-feldspars (94%), and micas (82%) is very good. These can theoretically be rejected. Preliminarytest work, HLS and combined with magnetite separation, tests indicate that it is possible to produce a high-grade (close to 6%Li2O) SC6 lithium concentrate after the rejection of iron silicate minerals. Thus, most of the spodumene should be amenable torecovery by HLS and/or flotation. The mineralogical characteristics of the pegmatite favor the economic potential of the project.

 

Wecontracted XPS Expert Process Solutions (a Glencore company) to develop a process to refine spodumene concentrate (SC6 technicalspecification) into a saleable battery-grade lithium hydroxide product in the Spring of 2022. Our initial 2020 metallurgical testwork, done in conjunction with SGS Canada Inc, indicated that it is possible to produce a high-grade 6% Li2O concentrate. Finaltest results confirmed in March of 2023 that Dense Media Separation (“DMS”) and flotation of DMS Middlings together,achieved a global lithium recovery of 81.6% at a spodumene concentrate grade of 5.88% Li2O. Pyrometallurgical and hydrometallurgicaltesting on the DMS spodumene concentrate have shown that the final product is amenable to a flowsheet, capable of producing bothbattery grade lithium products, Lithium Carbonate (Li2CO3) and Lithium Hydroxide (LiOH).

 

TheDyke 1 metallurgical program was initiated in June of 2022 after receipt of a permit from the Manitoba government and the collectionof a 489 kg of spodumene-mineralized pegmatite from historic trenches exposing Dyke 1 on the Zoro Property.

 

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Resultsof Test Work

 

The Zoro Dyke 1 metallurgical programinvestigated the feasibility of lithium beneficiation by dense media and dry magnetic separation with the goal of producing a6% Li2O concentrate from a Master Composite, at a fairly coarse particle size of -12.7/+0.5 mm. Completed HLS, DMS, and dry magneticseparation test work confirms that heavy liquid separation (HLS) demonstrates excellent potential for the recovery of an on-speclithium concentrate from the Master Composite by dense media separation. The global lithium recovery to a cumulative HLS non-magneticsink product at an interpolated 6% Li2O grade was high at 73.5%, at a projected SG cut-point of 2.88. Results from HLS testingwere confirmed in the DMS pilot plant. DMS processing followed by dry magnetic separation produced a 5.93% Li2O spodumene concentrate,at a global lithium recovery of 66.9%, in approximately 27% of the mass which is in good agreement with the HLS results. The ironcontents in the final lithium concentrates from both HLS and DMS were slightly above the 1% Fe2O3 requirement, but still acceptablefor subsequent hydrometallurgical lab testing. Further improvements on the recovery of lithium can be realized by incorporatingflotation and wet high-intensity magnetic separation (WHIMS) in the flowsheet to treat the DMS middlings and -0.5 mm fines. Favourablemetallurgical characteristics and processing of the Dyke 1 mineralogically representative bulk sample have been confirmed by thistwo-phase program. The result provides confidence in the metallurgical character of spodumene-bearing pegmatite as explorationproceeds on the Zoro Property.

 

Mineral Resource Estimates

 

Cut-offGrades

 

For purposes of establishing prospectsof economic extraction, the cut-off grade is the grade that distinguishes material deemed to have no economic value (it will notbe mined in underground mining or if mined in surface mining, its destination will be the waste dump) from material deemed tohave economic value (its ultimate destination during mining will be a processing facility). Other terms used in similar fashionas cut-off grade include net smelter return, pay limit, and break-even stripping ratio. A cut-off of 0.3 % was chosen as the basecase and is deemed a reasonable prospect for economic extraction based on similar reporting on other comparable properties, aswell as the relevant factors. As stated in our SK-1300 Report for the property, the author’s opinion is there isn’t a calculationfor the cut-off grade. Future refinement of the deposit understanding will lead to a full economic grade cut-off calculation.The number is based mainly on industry standard reporting with a confirmation that in principle this will be economic throughthe initial pit optimization calculation.

 

Grade-tonnagesummaries by Li2O (%) cut-off

 

Li2O (%) Cut-off Tonnes Li2O (%)
0.3 1,074,567 0.91
0.4 946,402 0.99
0.5 881,815 1.03
0.6 780,350 1.09
0.7 721,660 1.13
0.8 629,578 1.18
0.9 515,652 1.26
1.0 419,961 1.33

 

The metal price used for this determinationis based on a Spodumene concentrate of 6% Li2O and a price of 3,300 US$/t concentrate. The author feels this is reasonable giventhe long-term anticipated demand for the commodity, the long-term timeline of this project. The operating cost assumptions aresourced from comparable open pit projects in Canada. A cut-off grade of 0.3 % was used for reporting, based on comparable openpit projects in Canada and the open pit optimization results. Optimized pit shells were generated by an Open Pit Engineering consultantto establish reasonable prospects for eventual economic extraction. The pit shells were run on the regular model cells, with blocksmeasuring 2.5 x 2.5 x 2.5 m. The pit slope angle was set at 50° based on preliminary estimate of the rock quality. Key inputassumptions are summarized in the table below. Comparable properties are referenced, and averages derived from publicly availableindustry databases.

 

This0.3% Li2O cut-off grade was used to measure our resources as, according to our S-K 1300 Report, that is a reasonable grade necessaryto cover estimated production costs in accordance with the following criteria (in US dollars):

 

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OpenPit Optimization Inputs 

 

 

This estimate uses a 6% Spodumene Concentrate price of US$3,300 per tonne. USGS tracks the spot price of 6% Spodumene Concentrate for recent calendar years, and we believe due to recent volatility that this market price is a reasonable estimate.

This estimated mining cost of $4 per tonne is based on an open-pitmining method used by comparable mining companies.

This estimated processing cost of $20 per tonne is based on internalCompany estimates.

The estimated extraction recovery is 90% based on standard industrypractices.

The concentrate transportation cost is based on an internal reviewof trucking the concentrate to the nearest train tracks (approximately 65 km) and then transporting it via rail to Churchill, Manitoba(approximately 600 km) which has a shipping port facility.

 

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The Zoro dyke-1 mineral resource isclassified entirely as an inferred mineral resource in accordance with the S-K 1300 when taking into consideration, data density,deposit geometry, likely extensions, and possible interpretation alternatives. For reporting purposes, the Zoro Property inferredmineral resource is tabulated Li2O (%). The author is unaware of any known environmental, permitting, legal, title, taxation,socio-economic, marketing, political, or other relevant factors that may negatively affect the economic extraction of the inferredresource.

 

Summaryof In Situ Mineral Resources as of the end of fiscal year 2022

 

ZoroProperty Inferred Mineral Resource

 

Cut-Off 0.3 Li2O%   Tonnes (t)     Grade Li2O%     Li2O tonnes  
Inferred     1,074,567       0.91       10,756  
                         

Theforegoing resource estimation was completed by Scott Zelligan, P. Geo, Qualified Person, with an effective date of May 25, 2018.The Qualified Person has confirmed that there has been no change in the mineral resource estimation between May 25, 2018 and January16, 2023. This resource covers only material within Dyke 1 at the Zoro Property. Our lithium resource is comprised entirely fromone spodumene mineralized pegmatite dyke (the Zoro Dyke 1) as defined by our 2017/2018 drill programs. Dyke 1 is close to additionallithium bearing mineralization hosted in 15 spodumene pegmatite dykes that are yet undefined and does not comprise part of theexisting resource. The resource remains open at depth and along strike in both the north and south directions.

 

Estimationwas conducted only within the mineralized pegmatite with internal and external waste excluded as identified by hard boundaries.Interpretation occurred on a two-dimensional sectional basis then combined to form a three-dimensional volume model of the in-situpegmatite dyke. No waste material in the host country rock was estimated.

 

Permitting

 

Allmineral claims in good standing on Crown land in Manitoba are entitled to be explored without any permitting, except as indicatedbelow. All mineral exploration programs in Manitoba require work permits for timber removal, shoreland alteration and road construction.These permits are issued annually by the provincial Department of Conservation and Climate. For more intrusive exploration, suchas line cutting (using chain saws), overburden stripping, blasting and/or diamond drilling, a work permit granted under Section7(1)(c) of The Crown Lands Act or Section 23 (1) of The Wildfires Act, Province of Manitoba is required. Permits address conditionsfor exploration that must be adhered to in a given work area based on the planned exploration activities.

 

Permittingof project exploration in Snow Lake is a well-defined process overseen by the local administrators. Permits required to advancethis project to a development /construction stage are granted by the Departments of Environment, Wildlife, Fisheries, HistoricResources, and Mines. This process would likely take 6-8 weeks for review after completion of all other supplementary reports/studiescompleted.

 

Thetype and duration of the camp infrastructure required for exploration also dictates the type of permit required in Manitoba. Temporarycamps established for less than one year are covered by a work permit, whereas a separate permit issued by the Manitoba Departmentof Labor - Fire Commissioners Office is required for exploration camps on Crown land established for periods longer than one year.

 

Obtainingpermits for advanced exploration and exploitation requires consultations with government officials and are based on specific permitrequirements.

 

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Infrastructure

 

TheZoro Property is located 20km east of the town of Snow Lake. Nearby infrastructure includes a power line servicing the town ofSnow Lake approximately 5 km south of the property, the Snow Lake airport and an all-weather gravel road 11 km west of the property,and a rail link located at Wekusko siding, 20 km to the south of Herb Lake Landing which is 30 km south of the property. The nearestroad link is a seasonal road on the east side of Wekusko Lake that accesses the village of Herb Lake Landing and Provincial Highway392 within 11km. Airstrip located 5 km to the north. The property is accessed through helicopter support and float plane chartercompany, operates from Snow Lake and provides easy access to the property.

 

 

Figure6 - Showing nearby infrastructure and Zoro Property location

 

The town is a major support centre forsmaller communities in northwestern Manitoba. There is a regional hospital in Flin Flon, a newly built shopping centre, and allthe necessary infrastructure to support the local town. Hudson Bay Mining and Smelting Ltd. (“HBMS”) operates the Lalormine and a concentrator to the south of Snow Lake.

 

The Snow Lake area has the necessaryinfrastructure in place to provide the basis for supporting other mining operations in the district. The HBMS operations representthe largest employer in the area. The presence of HBMS also provides the basis for secondary support and supply to local businesses.The municipal, regional, and provincial government activities in the area also provide significant employment. There are touristcamps and lumber operations in the district. Consequently, there is a stable and experienced workforce possessing the necessaryskills in exploration and mining in the area.

 

PlannedWork

 

A drone-assisted magnetic and Lidarsurvey was undertaken by EarthEx Geophysical Solutions Inc (“EarthEx”) between May 28 and June 15, 2022, and comprised1,264.7-line km. Mapping and geochemical surveys compliments the magnetic survey and will provide a base for our planned spring/summerfollow-up exploration in 2023. This same approach to exploration has led to the discovery of 16 previously unknown spodumene-bearingpegmatite dykes and the delineation of multiple lithium targets. A field crew will be dispersed on the Zoro Property in June orJuly of this year to undertake prospecting, rock and soil geochemical surveys based on MMI Technology. Lidar surveys will supportdetailed prospecting and magnetic surveys. Data integration from the spring exploration program of 2023 will provide targets fora 2,000 meter helicopter-supported diamond drill for program with a projected start date is the latter part of the fourth quarterof 2023. A total of $1.7 million to support exploration efforts has been allocated from the use of proceeds of the offering towardsthe Zoro Property.

 

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JeanLake Lithium and Gold Property

 

TheJean Lake Property is an exploration stage property situated along the Thompson Brother Trend in west-central Manitoba 15 kilometerseast of the historic town of Snow Lake, Manitoba, Canada. The property is located at UTM coordinates 451,000mE and 6,078,000mN.(GPS coordinates are 54.82104, -99.77023). Access to the property is by fixed wing or rotary wing transportation from the communityof Snow Lake or by boat from Bartlett’s Landing on Provincial Road 39. The Jean Lake Property has no mineral reserves ormineral resources under S-K 1300. The book value of the property as of December 31, 2022 was $1.935 million.

 

 

Figure7 - Drone Magnetic Survey Map – different colors indicate highs and lows in the ground (the white gap in-between colorson map is powerline)

 

Propertyand Ownership

 

The Jean Lake Property consists of5 mineral claims covering approximately 2,476 acres (1,002 hectares). We currently have no ownership interest in the Jean LakeProperty, except for an option to acquire an interest, subject to completion of certain exploration activities and making certainpayments of cash and shares.

 

On July 30, 2021, we entered into anoption agreement with Mount Morgan Resources Ltd. (“Mount Morgan”) whereby Mount Morgan granted us the sole and exclusiveright and option (the “Jean Lake Option”) to acquire an undivided 100% right, title and interest in and to the property.We may exercise the Jean Lake Option by making the following cash payments and common share issuances to Mount Morgan over a 48-month period (the “Jean Lake Option Period”): (a) shares in the capital of the Company valued at $25,000, and $25,000in cash within two business days following July 30, 2021; (b) shares in the capital of the Company valued at $50,000 and an additional$50,000 in cash on or before July 30, 2022 (in addition, we must spend $50,000 on Exploration expenses by July 30, 2022); (c) sharesin the capital of the Company valued at $50,000 and an additional $50,000 in cash on or before July 30, 2023; (in addition, wemust have spent an accumulated total of $100,000 on Exploration expenses by the second anniversary of July 30, 2021); (d) sharesin the capital of the Company at $50,000 and an additional $50,000 in cash on or before July 30, 2024 (in addition, we must havespent an accumulated total of $150,000 on Exploration expenses by July 30, 2024); and (e) shares in the capital of the Companyvalued at $75,000 and additional $75,000 in cash on or before July 30, 2025 (in addition, we must have spent an accumulated $200,000on Exploration expenses or before July 30, 2025). We have completed all share and cash payments due through and including the requiredJuly 30, 2022 payments. Upon the Company having completed all of the foregoing share issuances and cash payments and having incurred an aggregate of $200,000 in exploration expenditures within the foregoing deadlines, the Company shall have exercised theoption to acquire all of Mount Morgan’s interest in the Jean Lake property, subject to Mount Morgan’s right to retaina 2% net smelter royalty over the Jean Lake Property (the “Jean Lake NSR”). The Company has the right to repurchase1% of the Jean Lake NSR in consideration of a cash payment of $1,000,000 to Mount Morgan. Upon exercise of the option, at the Company’srequest, Mount Morgan must deliver to the Company executed registerable transfers or evidence of ownership in favor of the Company.During the option period, the Company is responsible for maintaining the property in good standing including completing and filingall applicable assessment work or payments in lieu thereof, payment of applicable taxes and all other actions necessary to keepthe property in good standing and clear of encumbrances. In addition, the Company has indemnified Mount Morgan against any claimsarising as a result of environmental damage created as a result of the Company’s activities on the Jean Lake Property. TheCompany may terminate the option agreement at any time by giving written notice to Mount Morgan,or by electing not to exercisethe option in full prior to the final option deadline. In the event that the Company fails to issue any shares or advance any paymentwhen due, or in the event that the Company is in breach of any covenant, representation or warranty under the agreement, MountMorgan may terminate the agreement if: a) Mount Morgan has provided written notice of such to the Company; b) the Optionee hasnot within 10 days from such notice cured such default and c) the required amount of Exploration expenses has not been expended.If the option is not exercised by the Company in full within the required deadlines, the agreement will terminate and the Companywill hold no interest in the Jean Lake Property.

 

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JeanLake Property Claim Details

 

Claim Name

Claim Number ‌Size Hectares Expiry Date Yearly Holding Costs Holder
MB8247 JOL8247 233 February 12, ‌2024 $2,912.50 Mount Morgan
MB8248 JOL8248 207 February 12, ‌2024 $2,587.50 Mount Morgan
MB8428 JOL8428 255 April 30, ‌2024 $3,187.50 Mount Morgan
 MB9419  JOL9419  164  April 30, 2024 $2,050 Mount Morgan
MB8429 JOL8429 ‌143 ‌October 30, 2024 $1,787.50 Mount Morgan

 

TOTAL NUMBER OF CLAIMS = 5 TOTAL AREA = 1,002 Hectares (2,476 acres)

 

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Figure8 - Location of the Beryl Pegmatites B1 and B2. B3

 

Geology

 

TheJean Lake Property

 

ishosted by the Early Proterozoic (1.832 Ga) Rex Lake Plutonic Complex which is a circular intrusion 8 km in diameter. The propertyhosts the historic west-northwest striking Beryl lithium pegmatites rediscovered in August of 2021 in blasted trenches beneath80 years of organic deadfall and glacial sediment. The 270-degree trending dykes are characterized by coarse grained light greenspodumene crystals in a matrix of potassium feldspar, quartz, and muscovite. The host rocks are coarsely porphyritic gabbro. Theproperty also hosts the shear zone-hosted Sparky gold occurrence discovered in 1918. The gold mineralization is associated withdisseminated and near-solid fracture fillings consisting of fine grained to blocky arsenopyrite with lesser pyrite and chalcopyritehosted within sheared and silicified massive basalt.

 

Thelocation of the Beryl Pegmatites (“B1” and “B2”) is illustrated on a Jean Lake claim map in figure 8.Another Beryl Pegmatite on the property (“B3”) is a pegmatite without visible spodumene.

 

History

 

TheSherritt-Gordon dyke 3 spodumene-bearing pegmatite on this property were first discovered in 1931 by prospecting and drilled in1942 by Sherritt Gordon Mines but assays were not available. Thereafter, the Jean Lake Property remained unexplored untilour company began exploration efforts in the late summer of 2021, and we re-discovered the Beryl Pegmatites by prospectingin August of 2021.

 

Gold History of the Area

 

The Jean Lake property is located 15kmeast of the historic mining town of Snow Lake, Manitoba and has long been recognized for its gold potential since the early 1900s.Historically, 5.5 million ounces of gold has been produced as a by-product of base metal copper-zinc massive sulphide type depositproduction in addition to major gold deposits such as the New Britannia, Puffy Lake and Tartan deposits, with cumulative productionof more than 1.5 million ounces of gold in the Flin Flon-Snow Lake greenstone belt. See Richardson, D.J. and Ostry, G. 1996: GoldDeposits of Manitoba, Manitoba Energy and Mines Economic Geology Report ER86-1, 114 pages.

 

Jean Lake Property – Gold History

 

In 1940, two bulk samples of mineralizationweighing 22.7 and 22.2 kg. respectively, were sent to the Canada Department of Mines and Resources in Ottawa for testing from whatwas known as the Sparky Gold Property at the time (the current Jean Lake Property). The first bulk sample contained 16.46 g/t goldand 2.39 g/t silver. whereas the second bulk sample contained 241.71 g/t gold and 12.34 g/t silver. Fedikow, M.A.F., Athayde, Pand Galley, A.G. 1993: Mineral deposits and occurrences in the Wekusko Lake area, NTS 63J/13; Manitoba Energy and Mines, GeologicalServices, Mineral Deposit Series No.14, 459 pages; Richardson, D.J. and Ostry, G. 1996: Gold Deposits of Manitoba, Manitoba Energyand Mines Economic Geology Report ER86-1, 114 pages. Gold exploration continued unabated in the area with high-grade gold mineralizationdocumented from numerous past producing gold mines and properties hosting significant gold mineralization.

 

The proximity of these gold properties to our Jean Lake Propertyis illustrated in the map below in Figure 3, and Table 1 which summarizes historic gold and lithium abundances in the immediatearea.

 

Exploration

 

Thedisclosure of exploration results contained in this section is based on information and supporting documentation provided by aQualified Person.

 

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Lithium

 

Fiverepresentative rock chip samples of spodumene-bearing mineralization were collected in August 2021 from blast material in twotrenched locations of the Beryl pegmatites. Two of the samples were apple green, coarse grained spodumene (Far21-1 and -2)) andthree samples were from straw-colored finer grained spodumene (Far21-3, -4 and -5).

 

Sampleswere shipped to Activation Laboratories in Ancaster (Ontario) for analysis using the UT-7 method which uses a total dissolutionof the sample by sodium peroxide fusion and ICP-MS finish. This analytical approach is the standard analytical technique usedby the Company on its Zoro Property and Jean Lake Property for the analysis of pegmatite.

 

Resultsindicate all samples returned high-grade lithium contents regardless of the textural characteristics of the spodumene.

 

Lithiumanalyses for two styles of spodumene mineralization at the Beryl Pegmatite, Jean Lake Property, Snow Lake area, Manitoba.

 

Element Li20% Li2C03%
     
Beryl Pegmatite B1:    
FAR 21L-1 3.89 9.63
FAR 21L-2 5.17 12.78
     
Beryl Pegmatite B2:    
FAR 21L-3 4.74 11.71
FAR 21L-4 4.09 10.11
FAR 21L-5 3.81 9.42

 

Gold

 

Fifteenrepresentative rock chip samples from the Jean Lake Property in 2021 returned assay results with maximum contents of 20.9 g/tgold (Table 2). All but one sample exceeded 1 g/t gold. In 2022 a further 22 samples were collected and assayed. The maximum valueof gold from the 2022 sampling was 18.1 g/t. All grab samples were representative of mineralization exposed in outcrop and inhistoric pits and were collected from pervasively silicified wall rock containing brecciated and mineralized quartz veins. Thedeformation observed in the rocks sampled is attributed to faults cutting the eastern portion of the Rex Lake Pluton which isbounded on the east by the crustal scale Crowduck Bay Fault.

 

Goldassays are determined by fire assay using a 30-gram sample followed by an instrumental neutron activation finish.

 

Summaryof 2021 and 2022 gold assay results, Jean Lake Property.

 

Sample UTM East UTM North Grams Per Ton/ Gold
2021 Rock Samples UTM East UTM North  
FAR21G-1 451647 6076201 1.66
FAR21G-2 451647 6076201 0.138
FAR 21G-3 452451 6076406 20.9
FAR 21G-4 452451 6076406 8.66
FAR 21G-5a 452409 6076351 1.93
FAR 21G-5b 452409 6076351 1.84
FAR 21G-6a 452377 6076246 11.2
FAR 21G-6b 452377 6076246 6.42
FAR 21G-7 452356 6076171 2
FAR 21G-8a 452417 6076377 7.63
FAR 21G-8b 452417 6076377 8.66
FAR 21G-9 452366 6076105 4.05
FAR 21G-10 452395 6076407 1.38
FAR 21G-11 452356 6076171 1
FAR 21G-12 452441 6076396 1.29

 

 

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2022 Rock Samples      
FAT22-006 458333 6078718 0.003
FAT22-008 452353 6076326 7.2
FAT22-009 452365 6076324 1.1
FAT22-010 452360 6076342 9.4
FAT22-011 452364 6076336 1.7, 1.0
FAT22-015 458503 6079035 0.01
FAT22-017 450220 6074783 0.8
FAT22-018 450446 6074431 0.8
FAT22-019 450453 6074417 12.5, 18.1
FAT22-020 450351 6074124 2.3
FAT22-021 450331 6074133 2.6, 6.2
FAT22-022 450313 6074345 0.06
FAT22-023 450333 6074302 5.7
FAT22-024 450349 6074301 0.1
FAT22-025 452297 6077680 0.01
FAT22-026 449561 6073554 0.8
FAT22-027 449533 6073449 0.8
FAT22-028 449691 6073520 0.8, 0.5
FAT22-029 449681 6073511 0.04
FAT22-030 449557 6073752 0.4
FAT22-031 449927 6073561 0.08
FAT22-032 449924 6073615 0.2

 

Laboratorycontamination was not detected in the analysis of the samples based on the replicate analyses of the method blank. The analysisof both internal standards and International Reference Materials indicates the analyses are accurate and reproducible.

 

Ongoing exploration, consisting ofprospecting and geochemical surveys, was continued in June 2022 utilizing the results from recently completed drone-assisted magneticsurveys. The drone surveys were conducted between November 29, 2021, and December 20, 2021, and comprised 483.4-line km. The technologywas utilized to aid with new prospective drill targets by producing high-resolution images, to define the 3D location, shape,size, and distribution of potential spodumene rich pegmatite dykes.

 

The follow-up of the magnetic dataidentified 14 high priority structural targets in the northern portion of the Jean Lake property which was used as drill targetsin the most recent completed drill program. Magnetic interpretation helped identify the beryl pegmatites, which assayed at 3.89%and 5.17% Li20, trending along Snow Lake Lithium’s high-grade SG and GRP spodumene and GRP pegmatites. SGM-3, now referredto as the Beryl dyke or B1, which was re-discovered on the Jean Lake property in 2021 by prospecting beneath 80 years of organicand inorganic debris.

 

Permittingand Licensing

 

We have to take the necessary explorationefforts to define drill targets before making an application for permits. We utilize previously acquired UAV-assisted magneticand Lidar survey results and new rock and soil geochemistry and prospecting to determine our targets. After summer field workis complete and drill targets are defined, we will make an application for a work (drill) permit at the Mining Permits officeof the Manitoba Government. We will be required to submit the number of holes, location and metres on the application, or it willnot be accepted by the Manitoba Government. Such permits generally are awarded within 3 weeks of application submission. For afull outline of permitting requirements in Manitoba, see “Properties – Zoro Property - Permitting”.

 

Infrastructure

 

The Jean Lake Property is located 15kmeast of the town of Snow Lake. See “Properties – Zoro Property - Infrastructure” for discussion of nearbyinfrastructure.

 

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2022/23 Winter Drill Program

 

A drill program was announced on November 21, 2022, of whichwe identified 14 targets high quality targets through a combination of prospecting and airborne geophysics. Twenty-four drill holestested a variety of targets on the property using the integrated results of magnetic surveys, rock and soil geochemical surveysand outcrop prospecting. The drill program commenced on December 2, 2022, and we announced on May 1, 2023, that we successfullycompleted all 24 holes and drilled 3,002 meters. A total of 246 drill-core and 10 outcrop chip samples were collected and shippedto Activation Laboratories Ltd. in Ancaster, Ontario for lithium and gold assays with results expected to be released within thissecond quarter. Of notable interest, was the appearance of gold mineralization, with visible gold within the core.

 

 
Figure 9 - Visible Gold in Highly Altered Drill Core

 

The drill results from the current program,combined with field observations and historic information from Manitoba government files, strongly suggest that the B1 and B2 pegmatitedykes are hosted by the same structure. The B3 pegmatite located further west may also be hosted by the same structure, givinga possible strike length of at least 325 meters. The pegmatite-hosting structure may extend further along strike to both east andwest; a summer surface stripping program is planned to test this. The B1 pegmatite was intersected between 6 and 61 meters withintervals of between 0.5% and 20% spodumene intersected between 9.8 and 25 meters.

 

Planned Work

 

The 2023 exploration program will beginthis spring with the projected start for June. A field crew will be dispersed on the Jean Lake property to begin prospecting andundertaking rock and soil geochemical surveys using MMI Technology. Lidar surveys will support detailed prospecting and magneticsurveys will provide fundamental data for analysis. A total of $140,000 from the of the offering has been allocated towards theJean Lake Property, to pay the next anniversary payment owed under the Jean Lake Option Agreement that comes due this summer andalso towards the summer sampling program, planned on the property.

 

GrassRiver Property

 

The Grass River Property is an explorationstage property located 30 km east of the historic town of Snow Lake, 6.5 kilometers east of the Zoro Property. The Grass RiverProperty hosts 10 pegmatites exposed in outcrop and 7 drill-indicated spodumene-bearing pegmatite dykes and is located with UTMcoordinates 465,500mE and 6,090,000mN (GPS coordinates are 54.89712, -99.40356) as illustrated on figure 9 below. The propertyis accessed via helicopter. The Grass River Property has no mineral reserves or mineral resources under S-K 1300. The book valueof the property as of December 31, 2022 was $456,374.

 

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Figure10 - The Grass River Property Claim Block (“GRC”)

 

Propertyand Ownership

 

The Grass River Property consists of29 claims totaling 15,566 acres (6,299 hectares). The Property was acquired by on the ground staking after a review of the geologicalcharacteristics of the property. The claims were then staked and registered with the Manitoba Mining Recorder in the name of ForemostLithium on January 18, 2022. These claims were staked and registered by the Company with the Manitoba Mining Recorder on January18, 2022. We announced on April 3, 2023 that an additional 2 claims, were staked to increasing it from 27 to 29 claims, and 14,776acres (5,979 hectares) to 15,566 acres (6,299 hectares) and linking the Grass River Property to its Peg North property, with contiguousborders.

 

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Figure11 - Grass River Property illustrating its two new claims Joining Peg North  

 

GrassRiver Property

 

Claim Name Claim Number Size Hectares Expiry Date Yearly Holding Costs Holder
GRC12708 MB12708 179 March 11, 2024 $2,237.50 Foremost Lithium (formerly Far Resources Ltd.)
GRC12709 MB12709 256 March 11, 2024 $3,200 Foremost Lithium (formerly Far Resources Ltd.)
GRC12710 MB12710 240 March 11, 2024 $3,000 Foremost Lithium (formerly Far Resources Ltd.)
GRC12717 MB12717 240 March 11, 2024 $3,000 Foremost Lithium (formerly Far Resources Ltd.)
GRC12718 MB12718 256 March 11, 2024 $3,200 Foremost Lithium (formerly Far Resources Ltd.)
GRC12719 MB12719 240 March 11, 2024 $3,000 Foremost Lithium (formerly Far Resources Ltd.)
GRC12720 MB12720 198 March 11, 2024 $2,475 Foremost Lithium (formerly Far Resources Ltd.)

 

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GRC12721 MB12721 256 March 11, 2024 $3,200 Foremost Lithium (formerly Far Resources Ltd.)
GRC12722 MB12722 256 March 11, 2024 $3,200 Foremost Lithium (formerly Far Resources Ltd.)
GRC12723 MB12723 256 March 11, 2024 $3,200 Foremost Lithium (formerly Far Resources Ltd.)
GRC12724 MB12724 217 March 11, 2024 $2,712.50 Foremost Lithium (formerly Far Resources Ltd.)
GRC12725 MB12725 127 March 11, 2024 $1,587.50 Foremost Lithium (formerly Far Resources Ltd.)
GRC12726 MB12726 192 March 11, 2024 $2,400 Foremost Lithium (formerly Far Resources Ltd.)
GRC12727 MB12727 256 March 11, 2024 $3,200 Foremost Lithium (formerly Far Resources Ltd.)
GRC12728 MB12728 256 March 11, 2024 $3,200 Foremost Lithium (formerly Far Resources Ltd.)
GRC12729 MB12729 256 March 11, 2024 $3,200 Foremost Lithium (formerly Far Resources Ltd.)
GRC12730 MB12730 217 March 11, 2024 $2,712.50 Foremost Lithium (formerly Far Resources Ltd.)
GRC12731 MB12731 131 March 11, 2024 $1,637.50 Foremost Lithium (formerly Far Resources Ltd.)
GRC12732 MB12732 199 March 11, 2024 $2,487.50 Foremost Lithium (formerly Far Resources Ltd.)
GRC12733 MB12733 256 March 11, 2024 $3,200 Foremost Lithium (formerly Far Resources Ltd.)
GRC12734 MB12734 256 March 11, 2024 $3,200 Foremost Lithium (formerly Far Resources Ltd.)
GRC12735 MB12735 256 March 11, 2024 $3,200 Foremost Lithium (formerly Far Resources Ltd.)
GRC12736 MB12736 217 March 11, 2024 $2,712.50 Foremost Lithium (formerly Far Resources Ltd.)
GRC12737 MB12737 202 March 11, 2024 $2,525 Foremost Lithium (formerly Far Resources Ltd.)
GRC12738 MB12738 206 March 11, 2024 $2,575 Foremost Lithium (formerly Far Resources Ltd.)
GRC12739 MB12739 207 March 11, 2024 $2,587.50 Foremost Lithium (formerly Far Resources Ltd.)
GRC12740 MB12740 207 March 11, 2024 $2,587.50 Foremost Lithium (formerly Far Resources Ltd.)
GRC14699 MB14699 160 December 04, 2024 $2,000 Foremost Lithium (formerly Far Resources Ltd.)

GRC14700 

MB14700 

160 December 04, 2024 $2,000 Foremost Lithium (formerly Far Resources Ltd.)

 

TOTAL NUMBER OF CLAIMS = 29 TOTAL AREA = 6,299 Hectares (15,566 acres)

 

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Geology

 

TheGrass River Property is underlain by Ocean Floor volcanic rocks of the Roberts Lake allochthon and lesser amounts of Missi Groupsedimentary rocks. The Ocean Floor rocks comprise mafic volcanic rocks and related intrusions and the Missi Group consists ofsandstone, siltstone, mudstone, and quartzo-feldspathic gneiss and migmatite.

 

History

 

The bulk of mineral exploration in theSnow Lake area was undertaken in the late 1950’s and was based on the drill-testing of prospecting and airborne and groundgeophysical surveys in the search for base metal mineralization. Several spodumene-baring pegmatite dykes were intersected duringthese drill programs however there has been little subsequent exploration undertaken on the property.

 

 

Figure 12 - Historic Drill-indicatedSpodumene Pegmatites and Exposed Pegmatites on GRC Exploration

 

EarthExGeophysical Solutions Inc completed LiDAR and magnetic surveys over the project in 2022, which will help guide follow-up prospectingand geochemical surveys. Interpretations of the surveys which are on-going have yet to be completed. No other exploration workhas been done on the Grass River Property.

 

Permitting

 

We have to take the necessary explorationefforts to define drill targets before making an application for permits. We utilize previously acquired UAV-assisted magneticand Lidar survey results and new rock and soil geochemistry and prospecting to determine our targets. Once summer field work iscomplete and drill targets are defined, we will submit an application for a work (drill) permit with the Mining Permits officeof the Manitoba Government. For the application, we will be required to submit the number of holes, location and metres on theapplication, or the application will not be accepted by the Manitoba Government. These kinds of permits generally are awardedwithin 3 weeks. For a full outline of permitting requirements in Manitoba, see “Properties – Zoro Property - Permitting”.

 

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Infrastructure

 

The Grass River Property is located25km east of the town of Snow Lake. It is the furthest distance from Snow Lake of all the lithium lane properties and was stakedby the company in 2022. Access is by air support only as there is no current infrastructure due to remote location in relationto our other properties.

 

PlannedWork

 

A prospecting program is planned forJune of 2023 to supplement the geophysical and geochemical targets. A total of 10 underexplored pegmatites are exposed in surfaceoutcrop on the property and together with the 7 drill-indicated spodumene-bearing dykes will be part of the exploration focus.Earthex was contracted to perform a drone-assisted magnetic survey on the property as they have a technology to produce high-resolutionimages, to define the 3D location, shape, size, and distribution of potential spodumene rich pegmatite dykes. The data interpretationand results from a drone-assisted magnetic and Lidar surveys conducted between April 14 and May 27, 2022, and comprised 2,734.1-linekm. These results will define and guide new prospective targets for a projected 2,000 meter drill program in 2023/2024. Drillingis projected to commence in the fourth quarter in late November or early December 2023 with helicopter support drill program.The Company has budgeted $1.7 million of the use of proceeds of the offering for this program.

 

PegNorth Lithium Property

 

ThePeg North Property is an exploration stage property located in the historic mining district of Snow Lake, Manitoba. The PegNorth Property is located via coordinates on the map below at is located with UTM coordinates 455,000 to 470,000mE by 6,085,000to 6,098,000mN (GPS coordinates are 54.96833, -99.53539). The Peg North Property has no mineral reserves or mineral resourcesunder S-K 1300. The book value of the property as of December 31, 2022 was $665,000.

 

 

Figure13 - Peg North Property – Green Claim with other Foremost Lithium Property Claims

 

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Propertyand Ownership

 

This is the largest and newest of ourLithium Lane Properties consisting of 28 mineral claims covering 16,697 acres (6,757 hectares). We currently have no ownershipinterest in the Peg North Property, except for an option to acquire an interest, subject to completion of certain exploration activitiesand making certain payments of cash and shares.

 

OnJune 28, 2022, we entered into an agreement (the “Peg North Agreement”) with Strider Resources Ltd. (“Strider”),acquiring an option to purchase a 100% interest (the “Peg North Option”) in the Peg North Property (the “FirstOption”). The Peg North Property hosts 5 known pegmatite dykes and capture the Northern extension of the Crowduck Bay fault.The Peg North Option expires in five years and is subject to a 2% Net Smelter Return (NSR) in favor of Strider.The Peg North Option may be exercised by us for an aggregate payment of $750,000 in cash and $750,000 in common shares over thefive-year period. In addition, provided that the First Option has been exercised, we may purchase from Strider one half (1%) ofthe NSR Strider retains for a cash payment of $1.5 million (the “Second Option”). In order to exercise the First Optionand acquire a 100% interest in the Peg North Property, the Company must make cash payments shares issuances and incur expenditureson the Peg North Property as follows:

 

  On July 2, 2022 we paid $100,000 in cash and issued $100,000 in shares of the Company’s common stock.

 

  On or before the twelfth month anniversary of the agreement, we must pay $100,000 in cash and issue $100,000 in shares of the Company’s common stock.

 

  On or before the twenty-four month anniversary of the agreement, we must pay $100,000 in cash and issue $100,000 in shares of the Company’s common stock.

 

  On or before the thirty-six month anniversary of the agreement, we must pay $150,000 in cash and issue $150,000 in shares of the Company’s common stock.

 

  On or before the forty-eight month anniversary of the agreement, we must pay $150,000 in cash and issue $150,000 in shares of the Company’s common stock.

 

  On or before the sixty month anniversary of the agreement, we must pay $150,000 in cash and issue $150,000 in shares of the Company’s common stock.

  

We must also spend a total of $3 million on explorationexpenditures over the five-year option period to earn the above 100% interest in the Peg North Property.

 

Upon the Company having completedall of the foregoing share issuances and cash payments and having incurred an aggregate of $3,000,000 in exploration expenditureswithin the foregoing deadlines, the Company shall have exercised the option to acquire all of Strider’s interest in the PegNorth Property, subject to Strider’s right to retain a 2% NSR. The Company has the right to repurchase 1% of the Peg NorthNSR in consideration of a cash payment of $1,500,000 to Strider Resources, Ltd. Upon exercise of First Option, at the Company’srequest, Strider must deliver to the Company executed registerable transfers or evidence of ownership in favor of the Company.During the option period, the Company must use reasonable commercial efforts to copy Strider on all exploration results and Striderwill make available to the Company exploration results from work conducted on contiguous properties which are wholly owned by Striderand not under option to any other party. The Company may terminate the option agreement at any time prior to the First Option deadlineby giving written notice to Strider In the event that the Company fails to issue any shares or advance any payment when due, orin the event that the Company is in breach of any covenant, representation or warranty under the agreement, Strider may terminatethe agreement if: a) Strider has provided written notice of such to the Company; b) the Optionee has not within 22 days from suchnotice cured such default. If the First Option is not exercised by the Company in full within the required deadlines, the agreementwill terminate and the Company will hold no interest in the Peg North Property.

 

Peg North Property Claim Details

 

Claim Name Claim Number Size Hectares Expiry Date Yearly Holding Costs Holder
PEG 13176 MB13176 140 June 5, 2035 $1,750 Strider Resources Ltd.
PEG 13177 MB13177 220 June 5, 2030 $2,750 Strider Resources Ltd.
PEG 13181 MB13181 220 June 5, 2030 $2,750 Strider Resources Ltd.
PEG 13178 MB13178 256 June 5, 2034 $3,200 Strider Resources Ltd.
PEG 13182 MB13182 256 June 5, 2030 $3,200 Strider Resources Ltd.
PEG 13184 MB13184 256 June 5, 2030 $3,200 Strider Resources Ltd.
PEG 13179 MB 13179 256 June 5, 2030 $3,200 Strider Resources Ltd.
PEG 13183 MB 13183 256 June 5, 2035 $3,200 Strider Resources Ltd.
PEG 13282 MB13282 256 May 6, 2029 $3,200 Strider Resources Ltd.
PEG 13285 MB13285 256 May 18, 2030 $3,200 Strider Resources Ltd.
PEG 13283 MB13283 256 May 6, 2030 $3,200 Strider Resources Ltd.
BEND 13286 MB13286 256 May 6, 2030 $3,200 Strider Resources Ltd.
BEND 13284 MB13284 256 May 6, 2030 $3,200 Strider Resources Ltd.
BEND 13210 MB13210 256 January 12, 2029 $3,200 Strider Resources Ltd.
BEND 13209 MB 13209 256 January 12, 2029 $3,200 Strider Resources Ltd.
BEND 12671 MB12671 256 April 16, 2024 $3,200 Strider Resources Ltd.
BEND 13279 MB13279 256 May 18, 2029 $3,200 Strider Resources Ltd.
BEND 13474 MB13474 256 January 12, 2029 $3,200 Strider Resources Ltd.
BEND 13473 MB13473 256 January 12, 2029 $3,200 Strider Resources Ltd.
BEND 13280 MB13280 256 May 6, 2030 $3,200 Strider Resources Ltd.
BEND 13277 MB13277 256 May 6, 2030 $3,200 Strider Resources Ltd.
BEND 13281 MB13281 256 May 6, 2030 $3,200 Strider Resources Ltd.
BEND 13278 MB13278 256 May 6, 2030 $3,200 Strider Resources Ltd.
LITH 13213 MB13213 190 January 29, 2035 $2,375 Strider Resources Ltd.
LITH 13212 MB13212 172 January 29, 2035 $2,150 Strider Resources Ltd.
LITH 13477 MB13477 245 January 29, 2035 $3,062.50 Strider Resources Ltd.
LITH 13478 MB13478 248 January 29, 2035 $3,100 Strider Resources Ltd.
LITH 13476 MB13476 202 January 29, 2035 $2,525 Strider Resources Ltd.

 

TOTAL NUMBER OF CLAIMS = 28 TOTAL AREA = 6,757 Hectares, (16,697 acres)

  

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Geology

 

The Peg North Lithium Property is locatedat the east end of the Flin Flon-Snow Lake greenstone belt. The Paleoproterozoic Flin Flon-Snow Lake Belt is approximately 200km in strike length and has an exposed width of up to 70 km. The Belt is overlain to the south by Ordovician Red River Formationsandstone, limestone, and dolomite of the Western Canada Sedimentary Basin, and is bordered to the north by high-grade paragneissand granitoid rocks of the Kissey new Domain. The Flin Flon Belt is interpreted to be an accreted assemblage of oceanic to continentalmargin arc terrane, interspersed with oceanic basins representing back-arc, fore-arc, and oceanic settings.

 

Atthe project scale the general and detailed geology for the Peg North Lithium Property is underlain by Ocean Floor volcanic rocksof the Roberts Lake allochthon and lesser amounts of Missi Group sedimentary rocks. The Ocean Floor rocks comprise mafic volcanicrocks and related intrusions and the Missi Group consists of sandstone, siltstone, mudstone, and quartzo-feldspathic gneiss andmigmatite.

 

History

 

The5 pegmatite dykes on the Peg North Property were first mapped and reported by Murray Frarey, a Geological Survey of Canada geologist,in 1949. There is no further history on this property.

 

Exploration

 

EarthEx flew a drone-assisted magnetic survey over the entireproperty in 2022 and completed a UAV assisted high-resolution airborne magnetic survey. The survey was conducted between June15th, 2022, and October 6th, 2022, comprised 2990.5-line km, and identified specific areas of interest.

 

Major Fault Structure

 

The preliminary review of the UAV-assisted magnetic surveyon the Peg North Property has defined a major fault structure oriented approximately north-south and with a sinistral sense ofmovement. The structure occurs in the eastern portion of the property, is approximately 50 meters wide and extends for 3 km. Associatedwith this structure is a large zone of magnetic lows with an approximate area of 39 hectares.

 

 

 

Figure 14 - Fault structure defined by UAV-assisted magneticsurvey, Peg North property, Snow Lake area

 

The Lidar survey is only partiallycomplete, having been stopped due to winter weather and snow cover on the ground. No other additional exploration work has occurredon the Peg North Property.

 

Permitting

 

We intend to take the exploration necessaryto define drill targets before drilling on this property. LiDAR surveys will commence with focus on this structure and the relatedmagnetically depleted zone on the Peg North Property in the spring of 2023. This data will provide additional guidance for groundfollow-up of this structure using an integrated approach of prospecting, rock and soil geochemical surveys. Once summer field workand drill targets are defined, we will submit an application for drilling to the Mining Permits office of the Manitoba Government.For a full outline of permitting requirements in Manitoba, see ”Properties – Zoro Property – Permitting”

 

Infrastructure

 

The Peg North Property is located 20kmeast of the town of Snow Lake. See “Properties – Zoro Property – Infrastructure” for discussionof nearby infrastructure.

 

PlannedWork

 

Historically mapped pegmatite and anynew targets identified by the drone-assisted magnetic survey will be assessed for a 2023 Spring/Summer prospecting program (projectedto start in June/July2023) using targeted MMI soil geochemical surveys. We have budgeted $200,000 from the use of proceeds of theoffering to pay the anniversary payments under the Peg North Option Agreement and the foregoing exploration program that we haveplanned this summer.

 

Non-MaterialProperties

 

The Winston Property

 

TheWinston Property is situated in northwestern Sierra County, New Mexico approximately 45 miles (72.4 km) northwest of the townof Truth or Consequences. It is coincident with the 18.0 mile long north-south X 8.0 mile wide east-west (19.3 km long X 9.7 kmwide) Chloride Sub-District. The preceding is the northern-most of nine historical precious and base metal mining camps that liealong the eastern side of the 60- mile long (~90 km) north-south-trending Black Range Mining District. The Winston Property islocated approximately at latitude 33.48° North and longitude 107.76° West. The Winston Property has no mineral reservesor mineral resources under S-K 1300. The total book value as of December 31, 2022 for this property is $1,585,600.

 

 

Figure15 - Location of the Winston Property Winston, New Mexico

 

90

 

 

 

 

Figure16 - Claims Map of the Winston Group of Properties

 

91

 

 

PropertyDescription and Access

 

The Winston Property consists of 140unpatented Bureau of Land Management (“BLM”) mining claims and 2 patented Ivanhoe and Emporia lode mining claims,comprising a total of 2,800 acres. All of these claims are located within the Gila National Forest and are under the managementof the US Forest Service. The property was originally accessible via a 10 mile dirt road up the Turkey Creek stream bed that intersectshighway 52 which is 1.7 miles north of the small town of Winston. This route is currently blocked by several locked gates. Twenty-eightmiles east of Winston on Highway 52 is US Highway 85 which leads to an alternate access to the property. The direction to thisalternate route are as follows:.

 

1.Traversing 8.0 miles north along State Highway 52 from the townof Winston;

2.The route then turns west for 4.0 miles (6.4 km) on State Highway59;

3.From here one can access the north section of the Winston ProjectForest Service Roads #4053, #4066, #4079 and #4081.

4.Continuing onwards for 4 miles on State Highway 59, then turnleft upon reaching the Forest Service Road 4068L, continue onwards in a southerly direction for 5 miles until reaching gravel ForestService Road 4073I

5.From here the road has been decommissioned but provides for aconnecting route to the Little Bear Creek Road that traverses the southern part of the claim block through to an access point forthe Ivanhoe and Emporia, and also to Little Turkey Creek Road providing access to the Little Granite claim group. Another decommissionedUSFS road begins at Grafton that could provide access to Pine Canyon Road and most of the lower half of the Winston Project claims.

 

All known roads in the area of the projectare provided in Figure 16 below.

 

 

Figure 17 - Winston Property RoadMap

 

Theland area between Turkey Creek and Poverty Creek to the north has been designated a roadless area, meaning no motorized vehiclesare allowed to use the roads and trails within. The claims located south of Turkey Creek and north of Poverty Creek are not withinthe roadless area.

 

PropertyOwnership

 

In October 2014, the Company enteredinto an option agreement with Redline Minerals Inc. and its US subsidiaries (collectively, the “Optionors”) to acquireup to an 80% interest in 102 unpatented lode mining claims in the Winston Property, in addition to the four Little Granite GoldClaims (“Little Granite”) and Ivanhoe and Emporia claims. In April 2017, the Company, through its US subsidiary SierraGold & Silver Ltd., entered into a definitive purchase agreement with the Optionors to acquire all of the Optionors’ right,title and interest in and to the Winston Property. The terms of this agreement closed on April 26, 2017, thereby extinguishingany remaining obligations to Redline Minerals Inc. and its US subsidiaries.

 

Inaccordance with the terms and conditions of the underlying Ivanhoe/Emporia purchase agreement, the Seller agrees to sell and conveythe Ivanhoe/Emporia Claims for the purchase price of $500,000 USD. The Buyer may at any time, and at its sole discretion, acceleratepayment of any part or all of the purchase price in order to complete the acquisition. At such time the purchase price has beenpaid to the Seller, all obligations of the Buyer to the Seller, except payment of the Production Royalty, shall cease and terminate.Until the purchase price has been paid, the Buyer shall pay the Seller monthly a royalty equal to the greater of the Minimum MonthlyRoyalty or Production Royalty determined in accordance with the following table:

 

Ivanhoe / Emporia  -  Royalty Schedule    
     
Monthly Average Minimum Production
Silver Price/oz Monthly Royalty Royalty   %
     
Less than $5.00 $125 3%
$5.00 ~ $6.99 $250 4%
$7.00 ~ $8.99 $500 5%
$9.00 ~ $10.99 $1,000 6%
$11.00 ~ $14.99 $1,500 7%
$15 or greater $2,000 8%

 

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Allroyalty payments made to Seller under the Minimum Monthly Royalty or Production Royalty of this agreement shall be credited uponthe purchase price. As of March 15, 2023, past payments totaling $286,845 USD have been applied against the $500,000 USD purchaseprice. Since the August 21, 1987 date of the Ivanhoe/Emporia Agreement and encompassing four owners, the advance royalty paymentshave technically fallen into arrears of $146,500 USD, but is still considered to be in good-standing. The remaining purchase priceof $213,155 USD may be satisfied in the form of ongoing advance royalty payments or lump-sum payment to finalize the propertypurchase. Only the permanent production royalty of 2% of NSR on all ore mined on the Ivanhoe and Emporia lode claims, will remainas an encumbrance after the property has been purchased.

 

Inaccordance with the terms and condition of the underlying purchase agreement in order to complete the acquisition of the LittleGranite Claims, we were required to pay the original owner of the claims the remaining purchase price of $380,000 USD. In October2022, we successfully negotiated the final cash payment required to exercise its option on these Claims down to $75,000 USD, throughthe issuance a non-interest-bearing promissory note to the arm’s length Vendor. An initial $25,000 USD payment was made on October15, 2022 and the final two $25,000 USD payments are due on April 15, 2023 and October 15, 2023. Following these amendments, wehave acquired The Little Granite Property for an aggregate consideration of $186,000 USD, versus aggregate consideration of $434,000USD under the original terms. The $50,000 USD Promissory Note remains the only encumbrance on the four Little Granite claims.

 

Tomaintain the unpatented claims in good-standing, we must pay annual claim maintenance fees of $165 per claim by September 1 ofeach year to the federal BLM and file annual maintenance documents to the BLM and Sierra and Catron County Clerk’s office.There are no encumbrances on the 136 unpatented BLM lode claims.

 

WinstonProperty Claims Details

 

Claim Number Claim Name Size Acres Annual Maintenance Expiry Date Annual Renewal

% Owned by 

Sierra Gold &
Silver Ltd

105794652 LG 52 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
105794653 LG 51 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
105794654 LG 50 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
105794655 LG 18 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
105794656 LG 19 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
105794657 LG 20 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
105794658 LG 28 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
105794659 LG 29 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
105794660 LG 30 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
105794661 LG 31 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
105794662 LG 39 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
105794663 AD 1 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
105794664 AD 2 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
105794665 AD 3 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
105794666 AD 4 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
105794667 AD 5 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
105794668 AD 6 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
105794669 AD 7 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
105794670 AD 8 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
105794671 AD 9 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
105794672 AD 10 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
105794673 AD 11 20.6 $165 September 1 100%

 

 

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105794674 NR 12 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
105794675 NR 13 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
105794676 NR 14 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
105794677 NR 15 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
105794678 NR 16 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
105794679 NR 17 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
105794680 IV-1 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
105794681 IV-2 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
105794682 IV-3 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
105794683 IV-4 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
105794684 IV-5 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
105794685 IV-6 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
105794686 IV-7 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
105794687 IV-8 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
105794688 NR 26 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
105794689 NR 25 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
105794690 CR 18 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
105794691 CR 9 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
105794692 CR 10 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
105794693 CR 11 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
105794694 CR 12 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
105794695 CR 13 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
105794695 CR 13 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
105794696 CR 21 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
105794697 CR 22 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
105794698 CR 23 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
105794699 LG 40 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
105794700 LG 41 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
105794701 LG 42 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
105794702 LX 11 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
105794703 LX 19 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
105794704 LX 18 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
105794705 LX 17 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
105794706 LX 16 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
105794707 LX 15 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
105794708 LX 14 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
105794709 LX 13 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
105794710 LX 12 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
105794711 LX 10 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
105794712 LX 9 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
10579713 LX 8 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
105794714 LX 7 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
105794715 LX 6 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
105794716 LX 5 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
105794717 LX 1 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
105794718 LX 2 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
105794719 LX 3 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
105794720 LX4 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
105794721 NR 44 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
105794722 NR 43 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
105794723 NR 42 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
105794724 IV-9 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
105794725 IV-10 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
105794726 IV-11 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
105794727 NR 18 20.6 $165 September 1 100%

 

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105794728 NR 19 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
105794729 NR 20 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
105794730 NR 21 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
105794731 NR 22 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
105794732 NR 23 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
105794733 NR 24 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
105794734 LG 64 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
105794735 LG 63 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
105794736 LG 62 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
105794737 LG 53 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
105794738 CR 1 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
105794739 CR 14 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
105794740 CR 15 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
105794741 CR 16 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
105794742 EL 1 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
105794743 EL 2 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
105794744 EL 3 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
105794745 EL 4 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
105794746 EL 5 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
105794747 EL 6 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
105794748 EL 7 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
105794749 EL 8 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
105794750 EL 9 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
105794751 NR 1 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
105794752 NR 2 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
105794753 NR 3 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
105794754 NR 4 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
105794755 NR 5 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
105794756 NR 6 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
105794757 CR 3 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
105794758 CR 2 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
105794759 CR 24 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
105794760 CR 27 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
105794761 CR 28 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
105794762 CR 29 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
105794763 CR 8 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
105794764 CR 7 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
105794765 CR 6 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
105794766 CR 5 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
105794767 CR 4 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
105794768 CR 17 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
105794769 NR 7 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
105794770 NR 8 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
105794771 NR 9 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
105794772 NR 10 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
105794773 NR 11 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
105794774 NR 41 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
105794775 NR 40 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
105794776 NR 39 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
105794777 NR 37 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
105794778 NR 36 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
105794779 NR 35 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
105794780 NR 33 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
105794781 NR 34 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
105794782 NR 32 20.6 $165 September 1 100%

 

95

 

 

105794783 NR 31 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
105794784 NR 30 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
105794785 NR 29 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
105794786 NR 28 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
105794787 NR 27 20.6 $165 September 1 100%
135823 LITTLE GRANITE GOLD #1

20.6

 

$165

 

September 1

100% effective

 

Oct 15, 2023

 

135824 LITTLE GRANITE GOLD #2 20.6

$165

 

September 1

100% effective

 

Oct 15, 202

 

135827 LITTLE GRANITE GOLD #5 20.6

$165

 

September 1

100% effective

 

Oct 15, 202

 

135828 LITTLE GRANITE GOLD #6 20.6

$165

 

September 1

100% effective

 

Oct 15, 202

 

 

Ivanhoeand Emporia Patented Mining Claims

 

Lot ID Legal Description Name Acres

Purchase Price

$USD

100% Ownership

Terms

Lot# 165 Sec 22, Twn 10S, R 9W IVANHOE 13.84

$500,000

Pay remaining

 

Balance of $213,155

 

2% NSR

Lot# 719 Sec 22, Twn 10S, R 9W EMPORIA 13.56

 

TOTAL NUMBER OF CLAIMS = 140 TOTAL AREA = 2,800 acres

 

History

 

Theprimary period of production was from 1882 to 1893 and was curtailed by the Great Silver Panic of 1893. A revival of exploration,re-development, and production in the 1970s and 1980s included at least six major mining companies as well as a plethora of smallerones and local entrepreneurs. Single claims to claimblocks comprising hundreds of claims were leased, staked, prospected, andin some cases, drilled. In the northern Chloride Sub-District, the Emporia and Ivanhoe Mines, as well as the near-by Occidental,Minnehaha, Great Republic Mines were among some that produced gold-silver ores through 1987. Mining throughout theChloride Sub-District primarily ceased due to the decline in the price of silver and gold - not for a lack of significant mineralization.As an example, un-developed mineralization defined by historical channel sampling and very limited drilling still exists, thussuggesting that significant mineralized material remains un-mined.

 

Thefirst silver mineralization in what became the Chloride area was discovered in 1879. Among the earliest claims staked were theIvanhoe and Emporia Claims having been respectively located in 1880 and 1886. Subsequently, prior to 1934, over 400 prospectsand mines were developed in steeply-dipping supergene-enriched silver-gold-bearing quartz veins occupying fissures and faultswithin Tertiary andesite wallrock hosts (Figure 6.1.1). These veins variously display northerly, northwesterly, northeasterlyand easterly strikes, are up to 8.0 feet wide, and can be traced for several miles (Lovering and Heyl, 1989). Exploitation ofthem was primarily between 1879-1893 and 1901-1931; the period of greatest production was from 1886 to 1893. Between 1879 and1931 approximately 6.3 million ounces of silver were produced within all of Sierra County, New Mexico (Harley, 1934). The totalvalue of silver, gold, copper, lead, and zinc was largely obtained from a few large mines in the Chloride, Hermosa, and KingstonSubDistricts of the Black Range District and was in excess of USD$20 million (Lovering and Heyl, 1989). Approximately USD$1.0million of this total production prior to 1980 is attributable to the Grafton-Phillipsburg area in northern portion of the ChlorideSubDistrict that now coincides with the Winston Project (Lovering and Heyl, 1989).

 

A drill program supervised byDewitt in 1984 intersected vein material 5.78 to 11.82 feet (1.8 m to 3.6 m) thick in pierce points 165 feet (~50.3 m) apartsituated in the immediate area of the old mine workings at depths of between 150 and 300 feet down-dip. No lithologic logs ordrill site location maps whatsoever are available or known to exist, only pierce point locations relative to surface workexposures are provided. The work was not carried out under supervision of a Qualified Person. the assaying sampling, andQA/QC protocols are unknown, and therefore cannot be relied upon. These results are presented as historical information only.The site visit confirmed the location of the main infrastructure mentioned in the De Witt report. Several possible old drillsites were located, along with fragments of small diameter (AX or similar) size diamond drill core. The mine decline on thenorth side of Turkey Creek driven subsequent to the De Witt (1984) report was inspected.

 

The Little Granite, Ivanhoe andEmporia properties saw sporadic technical work performed sporadically through the 20th century, primarily focused on millingand metallurgy, however the little amount of exploration work performed was poorly documented, with the exception of a smallsurface exploration program by Redline Minerals in 2012.

 

Therewas a revival of exploration, re-development, and production in the 1970s and 1980s. The Occidental, Minnehaha, Great Republic,Emporia, and Ivanhoe Mines in the northern Chloride Sub-District were re-activated in the early 1980s and continued to producegold-silver ores through 1987 (Lovering and Heyl, 1989). In the southeastern portion of the Chloride Sub-District, mines suchas the St. Cloud, U.S. Treasury, and Colossal re-opened in the early 1980s and produced USD +$10 million in precious metals through1985 (Lovering and Heyl, 1989). Historical mining in most cases ceased due to the decline in the historical price of silver andgold.

 

RedlineMinerals, Inc. in February and July 2011 acquired the current leaseholds on two patented and four un-patented claims that wereamong the more recently re-activated producers in the 1980s. These are comprised by the Emporia Patented Claim and Mine, IvanhoePatented Claim and Mine, and Little Granite un-patented Claim Group. Subsequently, in the Fall of 2011, following an exhaustivereview of the published professional literature as well as a plethora of unpublished historic private reports of past mine operatorsand prospective buyers in the Chloride Sub-district, Redline Minerals Inc. commissioned the staking of 216 un-patented claims(~4,400 acres) to cover the strike and dip extensions of the veins on its existing leased claims. This work resulted in a 43-101Technical Report title Geology and Mineralization of the LG and Ivan Claim Group, by Stewart A. Jackson, PhD, PGeol., PGeo.May 12, 2012 that was approved by the BC Securities Commission and TSX Venture Exchange. The entire project was subsequentlyoptioned to Far Resources Ltd. (Foremost Lithium) on October 17, 2014 and eventually leading to their purchase of 100% of theproject on April 27, 2017.

 

96

 

  

Geology,

 

Theore deposits of the Black Range consist of (a) vein deposits in eruptive rocks and (b) replacement deposits in limestone. Thevein deposits are principally in andesite, and the ores are gold-silver, gold-silver-copper, copper-silver and silver-lead-zinc-copper.There are also veins that occur in rhyolite as fissure fillings in which the gangue minerals are quartz and calcite, often ofthe amethystine variety and the economic minerals consisting of gold-silver, along with tellurides or silver-bearing sulphides.

 

TheWinston Property and the surrounding Chloride Sub-district lie adjacent to the Winston Graben along its western margin. This featureand associated prolific north- south-, northwest-southeast-, northeast-southwest, and east-west-trending fault sets are relatedto several periods of extension associated with the Rio Grande Rift. The axis of the latter is located approximately 50 milesto the east of the subject area. The entire project area is underlain by relatively flat-lying Tertiary andesitic volcanics. Thepreceding display extensive low-rank alteration that is inferred to originate from a series sub-volcanic intrusives related toa north-south elongated deeply buried batholithic mass.

 

Historicproduction from over 400 mines and prospects over the past 130 years in the Chloride Sub-district/Winston Property area has beenmade from a plethora of fault and fissure-controlled silver-gold-bearing quartz veins. These veins are confined within a 3.0 milewide east-west X 18.0 mile long (4.8 km X 28.8 km) north-south belt of propylitic to locally argillic alteration that overprintshighly-faulted Tertiary andesitic volcanic hosts. Individual veins vary from 1.0 to 50.0 feet thick (0.31 m X 15.2 m) within veinsystems that are up to 8.0 miles long (12.8 km). The majority of the historic production has been from totally oxidized stopescontaining various species of silver, copper, lead, and zinc oxide and carbonate minerals. However, un-oxidized argentiferousand auriferous sulphide material has also been locally mined below the water table. Early direct shipments in the area of 150to 200 opt silver eventually transitioned to those ranging from 0.050 to 5.930 opt gold and 6.7 to 61.6 opt silver (Harley, 1934).

 

TheLittle Granite Mine is a past-producing high-grade silver-gold mine hosted in Tertiary volcanics. The style of gold-silver mineralizationin the region is known as epithermal, with the precious metal mineralization being hosted by quartz and carbonate veins in alteredvolcanic rocks. The main vein has been traced for over 200 meters by past drilling and underground workings and remains open alongstrike to both the north and south, and at depth. Historically reported high grade values, confirmed in limited resampling byForemost Lithium in late 2013 at Little Granite, suggest the vein widens to approximately 3m (10ft) at depth. The primary structureis the Paymaster Fault which is readily traced both on the ground and by satellite imagery. Locally, the mineralized veins aregenerally associated with north-south trending structures.

 

TheIvanhoe and Emporia patented mining claims each contain a past producing gold-silver mine, under the same names. High grade depositsof silver and gold were discovered in 1880 when the Chloride District saw a rush of minors and prospectors and the area was amajor producer until the 1893 crash in the silver price. Little production or modern exploration has occurred since. Past preparatorywork for drilling has included data compilation both of historic and recent work, along with acquisition of high-resolution LiDARsatellite imagery to allow construction of an accurate terrane model. This was followed by geophysical surveying using both electricaland magnetic methods.

 

Theproperty was most recently drilled in the 1980s, at multiple targets within the Winston Property, although records are limited.Historic exploration/development has blocked out multiple ore shoots, which will be considered for drill testing. Property reconnaissancesampling in 2021/22 has additionally identified multiple locations with potential ore shoots. This property had little to no modernexploration since the early 1980’s.

 

97

 

 

Exploration

 

Thedisclosure of exploration results contained in this section is based on information and supporting documentation provided by aQualified Person.

 

AQualified Person has visited the Winston Property on ten separate occasions since October 2020. He conducted confirmatory samplingof the known historic mines, as well as geologic reconnaissance sampling along the mineralized corridor.

 

Mineralization at the Winston Propertyis of the classic Low-Sulphidation Epithermal Vein style with Gold-Silver-Copper representing the valuable elements of importancein the district. The project is located along the eastern side of the Gila Volcanic Plateau which is comprised of: an early phaseof andesitic volcanic rocks, and a massive younger rhyolite flow-tuff package that is up to 1km thick. The mineralization of theWinston project is structurally controlled and hosted in the Gila volcanics.

 

Sampling Program

 

As part of a late 2020 fall samplingprogram, samples were obtained for an initial geological evaluation of the property from October 2020 through December 2020 duringwhich mine environs, workings and dumps were walked and inspected to collect representative samples of the different styles ofmineralization. Samples were collected throughout the project area to better understand which phases are of greatest economic interestand we have included sample ranges (see figure 16 below) which represent the program. The results confirm that earlier reportsof high-grade silver and gold values from historic workings have legitimacy and justify a major exploration program using modernmethods to define the nature and size of mineralization. The additional property samples that are mentioned are deemed relevantdue to their potentially indicative potentially additional ore-bearing structures within the project area.

 

All samples were collected under thedirect supervision of a Qualified Person, and securely transported to the Tucson facility of ALS Laboratories for analysis. A totalof 155 samples have been collected and had geochemical results returned; all QA/QC protocols have shown minimal variance. Geologicreconnaissance sampling method is indicated at each sample location with the intent to provide a representative result. Sampletypes include: grab, chip, measured chip, and channel; samples range from 0.1m to 3.0m in measured width. Systematic sampling andtrenching along vein trends have not been carried out at this point.

 

 

 

Figure18 - Representative Samples

 

Orecharacterization samples from these three mines returned peak values of: 66.5 g/t gold with 2,940 g/t silver from Little Granite,26.8 g/t gold and 940 g/t silver from Ivanhoe, and 44.9 g/t gold and 517 g/t silver from Emporia. Exceptional results from property-wideconfirmatory sampling completed in 2021 include:

 

Measured width Highlights:

3.35 g/t Au with 245 g/t Ag from a 0.3m channel sample inside the Little Granite Decline.

1.97 g/t Au with 232 g/t Ag from a 0.3m channel sample across JAP vein at LG mine.

29.2 g/t Au with 462 g/t Ag from a 0.6m continuous chip sample in north zone.

3.2 g/t Au with 34 g/t Ag from a 1.0m continuous chip sample in north zone.

0.75 g/t Au with 489 g/t Ag from a 0.3m continuous chip sample in north zone.

 

Prospecting Highlights:

Sample 1671079 collected at a prospect pit in recently staked ground returned 41.5 g/t Au with 4,610.0 g/t Ag.

Samples 1671021, 1671024, 1671027 were collected from the same vein trend over 300m of strike

#1671021 returned 20.6 g/t Au with 21.0 g/t Ag.

#1671024 returned 12.3 g/t Au with 381.0 g/t Ag.

#1671027 returned 5.7 g/t Au with 254.0 g/t Ag.

  

Permitting

 

Special-usePermit

 

Whenan applicant intends to make use of U.S.Forest Service lands for business purposes, an application must be submitted to the localForest Service office for assessment. The bond related to such a permit varies depending on cost recovery for monitoring costs,land use fee and other associated costs to do with environmental impacts. The USFS is the administrator of surface rights in theforest and the primary contact for surface use, while the mineral rights are administered by the BLM.

 

98

 

 

MinimalImpact Exploration Permit

 

This type of permit is for roads anddrilling related activities that cause less than 5 acres of surface disturbances and costs $1,000 USD to be filed. A detailedwork program is filled out on a New Mexico state form and submitted to the New Mexico Mining and Minerals Division of the Energy,Minerals and Natural Resources Department and National Forest Service, who then contact other concerned agencies. The review processfor approval can generally take three to six months. Upon approval, a bond must be posted in accordance with the amount of disturbanceanticipated. The Company expects the bond amount to be between $15,000 ~ $30,000 USD for the type of drilling program and disturbanceit will carry out. A General Permit for $50 USD may also be filed if the disturbance is less than 2 acres in size and does notimpact wetlands, ground water or cultural lands.

 

NewMexico Office of the State Engineer-Permit

 

Apermit will be required for an exploratory drill hole that may penetrate the water table, with requirements to cement the entireborehole upon completion.

 

Waterfor Drilling

 

Waterfor drilling can be purchased locally from privately owned wells and transported to drill sites.

 

Alltypes of permits are valid for 1 year.

 

Forgeneral exploration and prospecting activities that does not require mechanized equipment no permit is required. The Company doesnot require any permits for the type of exploration currently being undertaken but will require a permit for drilling operations.

 

Infrastructure

 

Localinfrastructure in the area of the Chloride Sub-District is minimal. The closest settlement is the community of Winston with apopulation of 50-100 which is located ~10 miles southeast of the heart of the Winston Property. It has only a post office andsmall general store which carries a small line of groceries as well as gasoline (petrol). Truth or Consequences, NM (pop. ~7,000)located 45 miles to the southeast has moderate support facilities including a small plane airport runway. Las Cruces, NM (pop.~200,000) is the major service and supply center for all of southwest New Mexico and is located ~100 miles to the south of theproject area while another 50 miles further is El Paso, TX (pop. +1,000,000). The latter has a regional airport.

 

Fromthe town of Winston, New Mexico, paved highway 59 runs north 10 miles and then west 4 miles to and directly through the northend of the property. A community run Fire Station is within 2 miles of the property and there are a number of small ranches scatteredaround the National Forest. From Hwy 59, numerous Forest Service roads and trails traverse the property that provides access tothe property from the north and south. There are no buildings on any of the claims; however, there is an unusable shaft headframeon one of the four Little Granite claims as well as a full-size access portal/decline to the underground. There is also a full-sizeportal/decline allowing access to the underground to the Emporia mine and a 300 ft. plus shaft on the Ivanhoe mine.

 

Thereis a residential power transmission line that runs along Hwy 59 through the north end of the property and a 345kV power transmissionline located approximately 2 miles north of the property. Cell phone service is variable, depending on elevation and locationand the Winston Corner Store has free wi-fi to connect to the internet.

 

PlannedWork

 

Plans for project advancement includea separate 1,000m NQ diamond core drilling campaign (NQ refers to drill core diameter of 47.6mm). The Webber Mine area is in northof the property, within Catron County, New Mexico, and will be drilled using truck/track mounted equipment with minimized disturbance.The portion of the property within Sierra County, New Mexico, will be drilled using a man-portable drill rig and be man/mule supported.We have budgeted a total of $950,000 from the use of proceeds in the offering for the Winston Property, including $37,000 to completethe cash payments required under the Little Granite agreement, and an exploration and drill budget of $925,000, which is plannedfor the 2023 work program which will be drill-focused but is also to include additional ground magnetic geophysical surveys, andfurther geological field work. Preliminary work in preparation for the drill program is projected to commence starting June 2023 with expectations of the drill program to commence in July and run through August of 2023.

 

99

 

 

Weare committed to commence a drill program in 2023 on multiple targets on the property. Past preparatory work for drilling hasincluded data compilation both of historic and recent work, along with acquisition of high-resolution LiDAR data to allow constructionof an accurate terrane model. Ground geological mapping and surveying has utilized high resolution satellite imagery and LiDAR(laser-generated infrared light beams) to construct a detailed digital model of the area. This 3D GIS will be used for all drilltargeting and project planning. Special attention will be given to maintaining a high level of vertical accuracy due to the localtopography.

 

100

 

 

Jol Property – Manitoba, Canada

 

OnJuly 12, 2022, we completed the acquisition of 100% of the right, title, and interest in and to those certain undersurface mineralrights certain comprising Manitoba Mineral Disposition No. MB3530 from Mae De Graf (the “MB3530 Property”). The MB3530Property is subject to a 2% NSR. The MB3530 Property encompasses 25 hectares (62 acres) situated due north from our Jean LakeProperty and due west of our Zoro Property (GPS coordinates are 54.8337, -99.62626). We paid to the seller a cash payment in theamount of $8,000 and issued to the seller an aggregate of 18,181 common shares of the Company at a deemed price of $0.33 per commonshare.

 

Thereis no current planned exploration on this property for 2023. The total book value as of December 31, 2022 for this property is$48,800.

 

Lac Simard South – Quebec, Canada

 

 

 

Figure 19 - Property Location Map of Lac SimardSouth in Quebec, Canada

 

The Lac Simard South Property is locatedin the Province of Quebec, Canada is comprised of 60 claims located on 8,611 acres (3,485 hectares) and 20 claims staked directlyby the company located on 2,871 acres (1,162 hectares) bringing the amalgamated total land package to 80 mineral claims, and theland area to 11,482 acres (4,647 hectares). The location of the property via GPS coordinates is 47.56518, -78.647. The Lac SimardSouth Property is easily accessible year-round by way of well-maintained roads, connecting to the main highway. Sudbury, Ontariois the closest major city, about 350 km to the southwest. The property has no mineral reserves or mineral resources under S-K 1300.The current book value of the property is approximately $36,465.

101

 

 

 

 

 

Figure 20 - Lac Simard South Property Claims withSurrounding Lithium Refineries and Concentrators

 

The property is located approximately 80 km southwest ofVal-D’or, a logistics hub for mining services, and 90 km southwest from La Corne township, home of the The NAL Lithium ProcessingPlant (A Piedmont/Sayona Joint Venture).

 

Property Ownership

 

In May, 2023, we acquired theLac Simard South Property located in the Province of Quebec, amending a property acquisition agreement to purchase 100%right, title, and interest in and to those certain undersurface mineral rights comprising a total of 60 claims, covering8,612 acres (3,485 hectares). In consideration for the property, we paid to the vendors cash consideration of $17,500 plusGST on May 12, 2023, and will pay an additional $17,500 plus GST payable within fourmonths after closing. In addition, we issued a total of 535,000 common shares of the Company at $0.15 per common share underterms as set forth therein and subject to a 4-month hold.

 

In addition, we staked and recorded20 additional mineral claims on the Provincial GESTIM (Mining Title Website) in the Company’s name that were contiguous withthe borders of these 60 claims, which resulted in an increase of Lac Simard South Property to 80 mineral claims and to the totalarea to 11,482 acres (4,647 hectares). The 20 additional staked claims are: 2755553, 2755554, 2755555, 2755556, 2755557, 2755558,2755559, 2755560, 2755561, 2755562, 2755563 ,2755564, 2755565, 2755566, 2755567, 2755568, 2755569, 2755570, 2755571, 2755572. Thetotal cost of these additional 20 claims to the Company was $1,465.

 

102

 

 

Claim Registration

 

A company can register a claim on theprovincial GESTIM website, (GESTIM, le système de gestion des titres Miniers - The Mining Title Management System) the Company’sclaims are valid for a first period of three years. To re-register the claim at the end of the term, the company can apply a $1,200exploration credit per claim to renew for subsequent period of two years term. If there aren’t enough exploration creditsto renew the claim, the Company can choose to pay an amount that will equal twice the difference between $1,200 and the amountactually spent for exploration works.

 

Lac Simard South Property Claims Table

 

Claim Number Size Hectares Expiry Date Yearly Holding Costs Holder
2755553* 58.13 March 25, 2026 na Foremost Lithium
2755554* 58.13 March 25, 2026 na Foremost Lithium
2755555* 58.12 March 25, 2026 na Foremost Lithium
2755556* 58.12 March 25, 2026 na Foremost Lithium
2755557* 58.12 March 25, 2026 na Foremost Lithium
2755558* 58.11 March 25, 2026 na Foremost Lithium
2755559* 58.11 March 25, 2026 na Foremost Lithium
2755560* 58.11 March 25, 2026 na Foremost Lithium
2755561* 58.11 March 25, 2026 na Foremost Lithium
2755562* 58.11 March 25, 2026 na Foremost Lithium
2755563* 58.10 March 25, 2026 na Foremost Lithium
2755564* 58.10 March 25, 2026 na Foremost Lithium
2755565* 58.10 March 25, 2026 na Foremost Lithium
2755566* 58.10 March 25, 2026 na Foremost Lithium
2755567* 58.10 March 25, 2026 na Foremost Lithium
2755568* 58.10 March 25, 2026 na Foremost Lithium
2755569* 58.10 March 25, 2026 na Foremost Lithium
2755570* 58.10 March 25, 2026 na Foremost Lithium
2755571* 58.09 March 25, 2026 na Foremost Lithium
2755572* 58.08 March 25, 2026 na Foremost Lithium
2729887 58.10 March 27, 2026 na Foremost Lithium
2729888 58.08 March 27, 2026 na Foremost Lithium
2729889 58.08 March 27, 2026 na Foremost Lithium
2728242 58.10 March 27, 2026 na Foremost Lithium
2728243 58.11 March 27, 2026 na Foremost Lithium
2728244 58.11 March 27, 2026 na Foremost Lithium
2728245 58.11 March 27, 2026 na Foremost Lithium
2728246 58.09 March 27, 2026 na Foremost Lithium

 

103

 

 

2728255 58.09 March 27, 2026 na Foremost Lithium
2728256 58.09 March 27, 2026 na Foremost Lithium
2728257 58.09 March 27, 2026 na Foremost Lithium
2728258 58.09 March 27, 2026 na Foremost Lithium
2728259 58.09 March 27, 2026 na Foremost Lithium
2728260 58.09 March 27, 2026 na Foremost Lithium
2728261 58.17 March 27, 2026 na Foremost Lithium
2728262 58.1 March 27, 2026 na Foremost Lithium
2728263 58.1 March 27, 2026 na Foremost Lithium
2728264 58.1 March 27, 2026 na Foremost Lithium
2728265 58.1 March 27, 2026 na Foremost Lithium
2728266 58.1 March 27, 2026 na Foremost Lithium
2728267 58.08 March 27, 2026 na Foremost Lithium
2728268 58.08 March 27, 2026 na Foremost Lithium
2728269 58.08 March 27, 2026 na Foremost Lithium
2728270 58.08 March 27, 2026 na Foremost Lithium
2728271 58.08 March 27, 2026 na Foremost Lithium
2728272 58.08 March 27, 2026 na Foremost Lithium
2728273 58.08 March 27, 2026 na Foremost Lithium
2728274 58.09 March 27, 2026 na Foremost Lithium
2728275 58.09 March 27, 2026 na Foremost Lithium
2728276 58.09 March 27, 2026 na Foremost Lithium
2728277 58.07 March 27, 2026 na Foremost Lithium
2728278 58.07 March 27, 2026 na Foremost Lithium
2728279 58.07 March 27, 2026 na Foremost Lithium
2734731 58.07 March 27, 2026 na Foremost Lithium
2734732 58.06 March 27, 2026 na Foremost Lithium
2734733 58.06 March 27, 2026 na Foremost Lithium
2734734 58.05 March 27, 2026 na Foremost Lithium
2734735 58.05 March 27, 2026 na Foremost Lithium
2734736 58.05 March 27, 2026 na Foremost Lithium
2729907 58.13 March 27, 2026 na Foremost Lithium
2729908 58.13 March 27, 2026 na Foremost Lithium
2729909 58.12 March 27, 2026 na Foremost Lithium
2729910 58.13 March 27, 2026 na Foremost Lithium
2729911 58.12 March 27, 2026 na Foremost Lithium
2729913 58.11 March 27, 2026 na Foremost Lithium
2729915 58.1 March 27, 2026 na Foremost Lithium
2729916 58.1 March 27, 2026 na Foremost Lithium
2729918 58.1 March 27, 2026 na Foremost Lithium
2729919 58.09 March 27, 2026 na Foremost Lithium
2729921 58.08 March 27, 2026 na Foremost Lithium
2729922 58.08 March 27, 2026 na Foremost Lithium
2729923 58.07 March 27, 2026 na Foremost Lithium
2729924 58.07 March 27, 2026 na Foremost Lithium
2729925 58.07 March 27, 2026 na Foremost Lithium
2729926 58.08 March 27, 2026 na Foremost Lithium
2729927 58.08 March 27, 2026 na Foremost Lithium
2729928 58.06 March 27, 2026 na Foremost Lithium
2729929 58.06 March 27, 2026 na Foremost Lithium
2729930 58.06 March 27, 2026 na Foremost Lithium
2729931 58.06 March 27, 2026 na Foremost Lithium

 

TOTAL NUMBER OF CLAIMS = 80                                TOTALAREA = 11,482 acres (4,647 hectares)

 

104

 

*20 claims that Foremost LithiumStaked

 

 

Figure 21 - Lac Simard South Claims Map

 

105

 

 

Geology

 

The Lac Simard South Property is largelyunderlain by the large monzodiorite batholith of Lac Simard Sud. This batholith is pinkish grey in color and is composed of plagioclase,K-feldspar hornblende with minor amount of epidote and quartz. Quartz-monzodioritic dykes and sills are observed at the marginof this intrusion. A gabbroic intrusion lies to the southwest end of the Property and hosts the Laforce showing. This Ni-Cu showingwas explored by Kerr Addison Gold Mines Ltd and more lately by Fieldex Exploration (2007) and lies about 1km south of the Property.The property contains 12 pegmatites that were identified from satellite imagery.

 

Exploration

 

The Lac Simard South Property has hadno historical exploration. An airborne magnetic and spectrometric survey flown during the fall of 2022 covered the whole property.This geophysical survey was done by EON Geosciences on behalf of the provincial government and was recently made available.

 

Mineral Resources

 

The Lac Simard South Property has nomineral reserves or mineral resources under S-K 1300.

 

Permitting and Licensing

 

All mining titles are in good standingand are partly located on Crown land of Quebec and partly on private land. Mining titles located on Crown land are entitled tobe explored without any permitting, except for any exploration program that involves tree-cutting to create road access for drillingand/or stripping These such activities are permitted under a valid forest intervention permit delivered by the provincial Ministèredes Forêts, de la Faune et des Parcs. Permitting approval vary from 2 to 4 weeks and are simple process and can be renewedon a 3-year term.

 

Mining titles located on private landrequires the permission of the landowners. Information pertaining to the landowners are available on the MRC of Témiscamingue(https://www.mrctemiscamingue.org/mrct/cartes-et-localisation/).

 

Obtaining permits for advanced explorationrequires consultations with government officials and are based on specific permit requirements.

 

Infrastructure

 

The project is located in a well-developedmining region with readily available support facilities and services. Val-d’Or is a city with a population of 30,000 inhabitantsand is well-known for its mining history, with an experienced mining workforce. The Property is easily accessible year-round byway of well-maintained roads, with little overburden connecting and within a few km from major highways. The project is geographicallywell positioned near Sayona’s lithium concentrators and refineries, within 90km of our property. Quebec is a major producerof electricity and one of the largest hydropower generators in the world, and a hydroelectric power plant is situated right withinour claim block, allowing access to gride power and low-cost hydroelectricity.

 

Local Environment

 

The area is marked by long cold wintersaveraging a daily average temperature for January of -16 °C and short, cool summers with daily average temperature for Julyof 17.3°C. Exploration and drilling operations are conducted year-round without interruption due to weather conditions. Thearea is generally flat with little hills of about 50 m. It is partly covered by farming land and by forested areas typical of balsam-fir– yellow birch bioclimatic domain.

 

Planned Work

 

We intend to begin a work program tovalidate the identified pegmatites associated in this active lithium, mining, and refining region of Quebec. An exploration programwill include ground truthing – boots on the ground as a first step to confirm and describe the nature of the identified pegmatitesas well as prospecting selected areas to find lithium-bearing pegmatites. Uses of indirect techniques such as drone-assisted magneticsurvey in addition to surficial geochemical surveys including MMI will be contemplated in areas with scarce outcrops to help delineatenew targets prospective for lithium-bearing pegmatites. The current program is still in the preliminary stage phase of planning,and the Company will strategize further plans upon return of initial assay results. Total dollars allocated for this project arecurrently $50,000.

 

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MANAGEMENT

 

Directors and Executive Officers

 

On December 2, 2022, the Company held a general meeting of shareholders at which Messrs. John Gravelleand Pierre Yves-Tenn were not nominated to continue to serve as directors. Our board also terminated Mr. Gravelle’s serviceas Chief Executive Officer of the Company in September 2022. The following table sets forth certain information regarding our directorsand executive officers as of the date of this prospectus.

 

NAME   AGE   POSITION
Jason Barnard   57   President and Chief Executive Officer, Director
Andrew Lyons   56   Director
Christopher MacPherson   59   Director
Michael McLeod   62   Chairman
Johnathan More   47   Director
Cyrus Driver   74   Chief Financial Officer and Corporate Secretary
Mark Fedikow   70   Vice President of Exploration
Christina Barnard   53   Vice President of Operations

 

JasonBarnard. Jason Barnard has served as President and Chief Executive Officer since December 2022 and a director since September2022. Mr. Barnard has over 31 years of capital markets experience. Since 2004, he has been self-employed as a private investorwhere he has been directly involved in raising over $500 million for mining and exploration companies with a focused expertiseon Canadian base metal companies. Mr. Barnard started his career with McDermid St. Laurence Securities in 1991 as a stockbrokerwith primary focus in mining, and mining exploration companies. Mr. Barnard then worked at Canaccord Genuity from 1997 until 2004.Mr. Barnard holds a Bachelor of Arts degree with a major in Economics from Carlton University and has obtained The Canadian SecuritiesCourse license in 1990. He first started working with and financing Foremost Lithium, previously known as Far Resources, withfounder, and President Keith Anderson in 2016.

 

AndrewLyons. Andrew Lyons was appointed as a director in December 2021 and has over 30 years’ experience in program and projectmanagement in the public markets, financial and technology sectors. He holds a BSc(CS) and BBA from the University of New Brunswick,an MBA from the University of Ottawa and a PMP from the Project Management Institute. M. Lyons was on the advisory board of LidaResources before Lida went public and is currently on the advisory board of Lakestone Resources, both Canadian Mining Companies.Mr. Lyons brings proven leadership working at C suite senior management level with corporate experience in the mining sector,utilizing his over 35 years’ experience as an independent consultant, helping drive business forward through developmentand implementation of enterprise-wide information technology solutions. He most recently consulted with several mining companysenior boards to refocus their operations and streamline costs and efficiencies. From September 2011 until May 2021 Mr. Lyonswas a consulting Program Manager with Oracle Microsystems of BCMr.

 

Christopher MacPherson.Mr. MacPherson was appointed as a Director in December 2022, and is presently self-employed since January2022. Mr. MacPherson previously served from July 2020 to December 2021 as the Chief Financial Officer of Bathurst Metals Corp.and from June 2016 to February 2019 as the Chief Financial Officer and a director of Sterling Group Ventures Inc. From 1990 to2016, Mr. MacPherson was Vice President at CIBC World Markets. Mr. MacPherson has 25 years of experience in finance, banking andentrepreneurial enterprises in the North American markets. He has extensive experience in the capital markets. Mr. MacPherson hasbeen responsible for finance and marketing activities, funding and acquisition opportunities as well as assisting in strategicand tactical matters. He has sat on a number of boards, including BC Hydro and Westech.

 

Michael McLeod. MichaelMcLeod has served as Chairman of the Board since December 2022.  Since December 2021, Mr. McLeod has served as the SeniorDirector of Morrow Sodali, a leading provider of strategic advice and shareholder engagement services in Canada and internationally.He previously served as the Senior Vice President of Gryphon Advisors Inc. from November 2019 to December 2021 and the Vice President,DF King and AST Trust Company of Canada of AST Trust Company of Canada from 2010 to 2019, each of which also provided strategicadvice and shareholder engagement services. Mr. McLeod has over 40 years of experience in the corporate financial services industrywith a strong network in the capital markets. He has been a long-term member of the Canadian Investor Relations Institute andGovernance Professionals of Canada. Mr. McLeod has served as a global advisor and counseled many boards of directors and managementteams on a wide range of topics including corporate governance, capital markets intelligence, M&A transactions, and shareholderengagement and communications.

 

Johnathan More. JohnathanMore has served as a director since December 2022. Mr. More brings over 28 years of experience in global capital markets focusedprimarily on natural resource industries. His tenure at Canaccord Genuity included many significant achievements and he retiredin 2008 as Vice President and Advisor at the Company. Mr. More successfully transitioned from the capital markets to the publiccompany sector where he has been responsible for numerous successful transactions in the Canadian marketplace and continues toidentify and create new opportunities. He currently serves as Chairman & CEO of Starr Peak mining Ltd, a Canadian company focusedon gold exploration. Mr. More is also Chairman of Power Metals Corp., a Canadian company focused on Lithium, Cesium and Tantalumexploration, as well as Chairman and Director of Superior Mining International Corp. since January 2020.

 

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Cyrus Driver, was appointedChief Financial Officer and Corporate Secretary in January 2023. Mr. Driver is a Chartered Accountant and was founding partnerin the firm of Driver Anderson since its inception in 1981. He is a retired partner in the firm of Davidson and Company LLP aftermerging with them in 2002. Whilst providing general public accounting services to a wide range of clients, he specializes in servicingTSX Venture Exchange-listed companies and members of the brokerage community. He also serves on the boards of several listed companies.His wide knowledge of the securities industry and its rules have enabled him to give valuable advice to clients within the industrywith respect to finance, taxation and other accounting related matters. Cyrus also serves as a director of Power Metals Corp andStarr Peak Mining.

 

MarkFedikow. Mark Fedikow was appointed as Vice President Exploration in January 2022. He worked in various capacities withForemost since April 2016. Dr. Fedikow is a graduate of the Department of Geology, University of Windsor where he earned HonorsB.Sc. in geology and a M.Sc. in geophysics and geochemistry. Subsequently he received a Natural Sciences and Engineering ResearchCouncil of Canada Scholarship and completed a Ph.D. in Exploration Geochemistry at the School of Applied Geology, University ofNew South Wales, Sydney, Australia. During his more than 40-year career he has worked for exploration and mining companies andfor the Manitoba Geological Survey as Chief Geologist of the Mineral Deposits Section. In 2001 he received the Provincial Geologistsgold medal, a Canadian national award for excellence in the geosciences. He is currently registered as P.Eng. and P.Geo. withEngineers Geoscientists Manitoba (“EGM”), as P.Geo. with the Northwest Territories and as a Certified ProfessionalGeologist (C.P.G.) with the American Institute of Professional Geologists (“A.I.P.G.”), Westminster, Colorado, U.S.A.Mark has been a member of the team responsible for the discovery of a lode gold deposit in east-central Manitoba and of a porphyrycopper-molybdenum deposit in southwest Montana. He has served as President, Chief Executive Officer, Vice President of Exploration,and on the board of directors for Canadian and American junior exploration companies. Mark has published numerous articles onmineral deposits and their surficial geochemical expression.

 

Christina Barnard, was appointedVice President of Operations in December of 2022 and has been part of the organization since August 2020. Mrs. Barnard bringsover 20 years’ experience in business management, media and marketing where she spent the over ten years working for RogersCommunications. a well-known national public company as senior marketing and media advisor. She has worked with several publiccompanies, including roles in corporate communications and strategist. After leaving Rogers Media in 2019, she worked with a numberof public companies in their marketing and communications department and assisted to develop strategies to minimize costs andstreamline efficiencies. Christina has helped facilitate several different organization’s objectives, via careful evaluationand strategic planning, assessing structure and procedures, and being able to administer their core values in a clear demonstrableway both internally and in in the general public.

 

No family relationshipexists between any of our directors and executive officers other than Jason and Christina Barnard, who are spouses. There are noarrangements or understandings with major shareholders, customers, suppliers, or others pursuant to which any person referred toabove was selected as a director or member of senior management.

 

Board of Directors

 

Nasdaq’s listingrules generally require that a majority of an issuer’s board of directors must consist of independent directors. Our boardof directors currently consists of five directors, three of whom, and are independent within the meaning of Nasdaq’s rules.

 

A director is not requiredto hold any shares in our company to qualify to serve as a director. Our board of directors may exercise all the powers of ourcompany to borrow money, mortgage or charge its undertaking, property and uncalled capital, and to issue debentures, bonds andother securities, subject to applicable stock exchange limitations, if any, whenever money is borrowed or as security for any debt,liability or obligation of our company or of any third party.

 

Board Committees

 

We have already establisheda standing audit committee and a compensation committee of our board of directors. Immediately prior to, and subject to, the closingof this offering, we intend to establish a nominating and corporate governance committee of our board of directors. We intend toadopt a charter for each of the three committees. Each committee’s members and functions are described below.

 

Audit Committee

 

Our audit committeeconsists of Christopher MacPherson, Johnathan More and Michael McLeod, each of whom satisfies the “independence” requirementsof Rule 10A-3 under the Exchange Act and Rule5605(c)(2) of the Nasdaq Marketplace Rules. Mr. MacPherson will serve as chairmanof the audit committee. Our board has determined that qualifies as an “audit committee financial expert.” The auditcommittee will oversee our accounting and financial reporting processes and the audits of the consolidated financial statementsof our company.

 

The audit committee willbe responsible for, among other things: (i) retaining and overseeing our independent accountants; (ii) assisting the board in itsoversight of the integrity of our consolidated financial statements, the qualifications, independence and performance of our independentauditors and our compliance with legal and regulatory requirements; (iii) reviewing and approving the plan and scope of the internaland external audit; (iv) pre-approving any audit and non-audit services provided by our independent auditors; (v) approving thefees to be paid to our independent auditors; (vi) reviewing with our chief executive officer and chief financial officer and independentauditors the adequacy and effectiveness of our internal controls; (vii) reviewing hedging transactions; and (viii) reviewing andassessing annually the audit committee’s performance and the adequacy of its charter.

 

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Compensation Committee

 

Our compensationcommittee consists of Michael McLeod, Andrew Lyons and Christopher McPherson. Mr. McLeod and Mr. McPherson each satisfy the “independence”requirements of Rule 10A-3 under the Exchange Act and Rule 5605(c)(2) of the Nasdaq Marketplace Rules. Mr. Mcleod will serve aschairman of the compensation committee. The compensation committee will assist the board in reviewing and approving the compensationstructure, including all forms of compensation relating to our directors and executive officers.

 

The compensation committeewill be responsible for, among other things: (i) reviewing and approving the remuneration of our executive officers; (ii) makingrecommendations to the board regarding the compensation of our independent directors; (iii) making recommendations to the boardregarding equity-based and incentive compensation plans, policies and programs; and (iv) reviewing and assessing annually the compensationcommittee’s performance and the adequacy of its charter.

 

Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee

 

Our Nominating and Corporate GovernanceCommittee consists of Michael McLeod, Andrew Lyons and Jason Barnard. Mr. Lyons will serve as chairman of the nominating and corporategovernance committee. The nominating and corporate governance committee will assist the board of directors in selecting individualsqualified to become our directors and in determining the composition of the board and its committees.

 

Thenominating and corporate governance committee will be responsible for, among other things: (i) identifying and evaluating individualsqualified to become members of the board by reviewing nominees for election to the board submitted by shareholders and recommendingto the board director nominees for each annual meeting of shareholders and for election to fill any vacancies on the board; (ii)advising the board with respect to board organization, desired qualifications of board members, the membership, function, operation,structure and composition of committees (including any committee authority to delegate to subcommittees), and self- evaluationand policies; (iii) advising on matters relating to corporate governance and monitoring developments in the law and practice ofcorporate governance; (iv) overseeing compliance with the our code of ethics; and (v) approving any related party transactions.

 

The nominating and corporate governance committee’s methods for identifying candidates for electionto our board of directors will include the solicitation of ideas for possible candidates from a number of sources - members ofour board of directors, our executives, individuals personally known to the members of our board of directors, and other research.The nominating and corporate governance committee may also, from time-to-time, retain one or more third-party search firms to identifysuitable candidates.

 

In making directorrecommendations, the nominating and corporate governance committee may consider some or all of the following factors: (i) thecandidate’s judgment, skill, experience with other organizations of comparable purpose, complexity and size, and subjectto similar legal restrictions and oversight; (ii) the interplay of the candidate’s experience with the experience of otherboard members; (iii) the extent to which the candidate would be a desirable addition to the board and any committee thereof;(iv) whether or not the person has any relationships that might impair his or her independence; and (v) the candidate’sability to contribute to the effective management of our company, taking into account the needs of our company and such factorsas the individual’s experience, perspective, skills and knowledge of the industry in which we operate.

 

Duties of Directors

 

Under Canadianlaw, directors have fiduciary obligations to our company. Under the BCBCA, directors, when exercising the powers and dischargingtheir duties, must act honestly and in good faith with a view to the best interests of our company and exercise the care, diligenceand skill that a reasonably prudent individual would exercise in comparable circumstances.

 

Under British Columbia corporatelaw, the BCBCA imposes specific statutory liabilities on directors of corporations in certain situations. In certain circumstances,directors can be held liable, for example, for paying a dividend contrary to section 70(2) of the BCBCA, or for paying a commissionor allowing a discount contrary to section 67 of the BCBCA, or for purchasing, redeeming, or otherwise acquiring shares contraryto section 78 or 79 of the BCBCA. Under numerous other provisions in federal and provincial statutes, directors may also face personalliability for, among other things, environmental offences, source deductions from payrolls, and tax remittances. Corporate directorshave a number of defenses to legal actions in which it is alleged that they have breached their statutory or fiduciary duties,including:

 

dissenting from a resolution passed or action taken at a board meeting,which may relieve the director of any liability for the results of that decision.

raising a “good faith reliance” defense to an accusation ofbreach of a fiduciary duty, whereby the director is entitled to rely in good faith on consolidated financial statements or reportsmade by an officer of the corporation, the corporation’s auditor, or by other professionals, such as a lawyer, an accountant,or an engineer; and

  

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availing themselves of a due diligence defense that permits directors toavoid a number of statutory liabilities, including breach of fiduciary duty, where the directors exercise the same degree of care,diligence and skill as a reasonably prudent person in comparable circumstances.

 

Conflicts of Interest

 

There are potential conflictsof interest to which the directors, officers, insiders, and promoters of our company will be subject in connection with the operationsof our company. Some of the directors, officers, insiders, and promoters are engaged in and will continue to be engaged in corporationsor businesses which may be in competition with the business of our company. Accordingly, situations may arise where the directors,officers, insiders, and promoters will be in direct competition with our company. The directors and officers of our company havea fiduciary obligation to act in the best interests of our company, avoid conflicts of interest and to disclose to all other boardmembers any relevant information about potential conflicts. They have the same obligations to the other companies in respect ofwhich they act as directors and officers. Discharge by the directors and officers of their obligations to our company may resultin a breach of their obligations to the other companies, and in certain circumstances this could expose our company to liabilityto those companies. Similarly, discharge by the directors and officers of their obligations to the other companies could resultin a breach of their obligation to act in the best interests of our company. Such conflicting legal obligations may expose ourcompany to liability to others and impair our ability to achieve our business objectives. All of the directors or officers of ourcompany have entered into non- competition or non-disclosure agreements with our company. Conflicts, if any, will be subject tothe procedures and remedies as provided under the BCBCA and applicable securities laws, regulations, and policies.

 

Terms of Directors and Officers

 

Our officers areappointed by and serve at the discretion of our board of directors. Unless the at any time or from time to time, the Company’sArticles of incorporation permit directors to hold office for a term expiring later than the close of the next annual meetingof shareholders, the term of office of a director upon election or appointment, subject to a director’s prior resignationor removal by a special majority of shareholders pursuant to Section 128 of the BCBCA , shall cease at the close of the firstannual meeting of shareholders following his or her election or appointment, provided that if no directors are elected at suchannual meeting, he or she shall continue in office until his or her successor is elected or appointed. The following persons aredisqualified by the BCBCA from being a director of the Company: (i) anyone who is less than 18 years of age; (ii) a person whois not an individual; and (iii) a person who has the status of a bankrupt.

 

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Compensation of Executive Officersand Directors

 

The table belowsets the remuneration of our executive officers for the financial year ended March 31, 2023.

 

Name   Position  

Fees

earned or

paid in

cash

($000)

   

Share-Based

Compensation

($000) (1)

   

Total

($000)

 
Jason Barnard   CEO and Director     90             90  
Cyrus Driver   CFO     18       67.29       85.29  

 

(1) Represents the fair value of stock options, performance share units, and restricted stock units granted during the year ended March 31, 2023 using an appropriate valuation model for computing stock-based compensation expense as of the date of grant.

 

Executiveand Consulting Agreements

 

On May 10, 2023, the Company enteredinto an executive employment agreement with Jason Barnard to serve as Chief Executive Officer, providing for compensation at aninitial annual base salary $180,000. The employment agreement provides that Mr. Barnard’s annual base salary will increaseto $270,000 upon the successful listing of the Company’s common shares on Nasdaq, and that the Board will review the annualbase salary within one month of a successful Nasdaq listing, and annually or as otherwise determined by the Board during the termof the agreement. Mr. Barnard’s agreement also provides that he is eligible to be granted equity compensation at the solediscretion of the Board. In addition, the Company will reimburse Mr. Barnard for reasonable travelling and other business expensesin connection with the performance of his duties. Mr. Barnard may terminate the agreement upon two (2) months’ notice tothe Company, and the Company may terminate Mr. Barnard at any time. Notwithstanding the foregoing, in the event of a terminationby the Company without just cause, the Company has agreed to pay to Mr. Barnard as severance a lump sum payment in the amount equalto 12 months of his annual base salary in effect at the time of his termination. In the event of a termination by the Company withintwelve months following a change in control, the Company has agreed to pay to Mr. Barnard as severance a lump sum payment in theamount equal to 24 months of his annual base salary in effect at the time of his termination.

 

On December 15, 2022, the Company enteredinto a consulting agreement with Cyrus Driver, through his consulting corporation, to serve as Chief Financial Officer, providingfor consulting fees in the amount of $6,000 per month. Mr. Driver’s agreement also provides that he is eligible to be grantedequity compensation at the sole discretion of the Board. In addition, the Company will reimburse Mr. Driver for reasonable expensesin connection with the performance of his duties. Either party to the consulting agreement may terminate the agreement for anyreason, at any time, with thirty (30) days’ prior written notice.

 

In addition, we have agreed to indemnifyMr. Driver against certain liabilities and expenses incurred in connection with claims made by reason of his being an officer.

 

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Director Compensation

 

Total Compensationfor the Non-Executive Directors for the year ending March 31, 2023:

 

Name   Position  

Fees

earned

or paid

in cash

($000)

   

Share-Based

Compensation

($000) (1)

   

Total

($000)

 
Andrew Lyons   Director and former CFO     96       200.7     296.7  
Mike McLeod   Director     45       108.5     153.5  
Jonathan More   Director     12       31.9     43.9  
Christopher MacPherson   Director     12       127.6     139.6  

 

(1) Represents the fair value of stock options, performance share units, and restricted stock units granted during the year ended March 31, 2023 using an appropriate valuation model for computing stock-based compensation expense as of the date of grant.

 

Narrative Disclosure to the Compensationtable

 

For the fiscal years ended March 31,2022, and 2021, we paid aggregate cash compensation of $375,264 (US$277,320) and $73,000 (US$53,947), respectively, to our directorsand executive officers as a group. We did not pay any other cash compensation or benefits in kind to our directors and executiveofficers. We have not set aside or accrued any amount to provide pension, retirement or other similar benefits to our directorsand executive officers. Our board of directors may determine compensation to be paid to the directors and the executive officers.The compensation committee will assist the directors in reviewing and approving the compensation structure for the directors andthe executive officers. For information regarding share awards granted to our directors and executive officers, see “Management– Our 2021 Stock Option Plan”.

 

Our 2021 Stock Option Plan

 

TheCompany follows the policies of the Canadian Securities Exchange under which it is authorized to grant options to executive officersand directors, employees, and consultants enabling them to acquire up to 10% of the issued and outstanding common stock of theCompany. Under the policies, the exercise price of each option may not be less than the market price of the Company’s stockas calculated on the day before the date of grant. The options can be granted for a maximum term of ten years.

 

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The intentionof the 2021 Stock Option Plan (the “2021 Plan’) is to increase the proprietary interest of employees, officers,directors and consultants in the Company (each an “Eligible Person”) and thereby aid the Company in attracting,retaining and encouraging the continued involvement of such persons with the Company. Under the 2021 Plan, the total numberof common shares that may be reserved for issuance as stock options (“Stock Options”) will be 10% of the issuedand outstanding common shares of the Company at the time of grant, less any common shares reserved for issuance under otherstock option plans. The 2021 Plan complies with the current policies of the CSE.

 

All Stock Options are non-assignableand non-transferable (except that the Eligible Person’s heirs or administrators can exercise any portion of the outstandingoption, up to one year from such person’s death).

 

The exercise price ofStock Options granted under the 2021 Plan will be determined by the board. The exercise price for Stock Options must not be lowerthan the greater of the closing market prices of the Common Shares on: (a) the trading day prior to the date of grant of the stockoptions; and (b) the date of grant of the stock options.

 

Stock Options to acquiremore than 5% of the issued and outstanding Common Shares may not be granted to any one person in any 12- month period.

 

The term ofany Stock Options granted under the 2021 Plan will be fixed by the board and may not exceed ten years. Should an EligiblePerson cease to qualify as an Eligible Person under the 2021 Plan prior to expiry of the term of their respective StockOptions, those Stock Options will terminate at the earlier of: (i) the end of the period of time permitted for exercise ofthe Stock Option; or (ii) a “reasonable period” not to exceed one year after the option holder ceases to be anEligible Person for any reason other than death, disability or just cause. If such cessation as an Eligible Person is onaccount of disability or death, the Stock Options terminate on the first anniversary of such cessation, and if it is onaccount of termination of employment for just cause, the Stock Options terminate immediately.

 

The 2021 Plan also providesfor adjustments to outstanding options in the event of alteration in the capital structure of the Company, merger or amalgamationinvolving the Company or the Company’s entering a plan of arrangement. The 2021 Plan provides for certain instances (ie.merger transactions, change of control) where all Stock Options outstanding but not yet vested under the 2021 Plan shall becomeimmediately exercisable.

 

The board may, at theirdiscretion at the time of any grant, impose a schedule over which period Stock Options will vest and become exercisable by theEligible Person. If a Stock Option is cancelled before its expiry date, the Company may not grant new Stock Options to the sameholder until 30 days have elapsed from the date of cancellation.

 

Subject to any requiredapproval of the CSE, the board may terminate, suspend, or amend the terms of the 2021 Plan, provided that for certain amendments,the board must obtain shareholder approval.

 

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PRINCIPAL SHAREHOLDERS

 

The following table sets forth certaininformation with respect to the beneficial ownership of our common shares as of April 12, 2023 for (i) each of our executive officersand directors; (ii) all of our executive officers and directors as a group; and (iii) each other shareholder known by us to bethe beneficial owner of more than 5% of our outstanding common shares. The following table assumes that the underwriters havenot exercised the over-allotment option.

 

Beneficial ownership is determinedin accordance with SEC rules and generally includes voting or investment power with respect to securities. For purposes of thistable, a person or group of persons is deemed to have “beneficial ownership” of any common shares that such personor any member of such group has the right to acquire within sixty (60) days of April 12, 2023. For purposes of computing the percentageof outstanding shares held by each person or group of persons named above, any shares that such person or persons has the rightto acquire within sixty (60) days of April 12, 2023, are deemed to be outstanding for such person, but not deemed to be outstandingfor the purpose of computing the percentage ownership of any other person. The inclusion herein of any shares listed as beneficiallyowned does not constitute an admission of beneficial ownership by any person. Unless otherwise indicated, the address of eachbeneficial owner is c/o 700 West Georgia Street Vancouver, British Columbia V7Y 1B3 Canada.

 

   Common Shares
Beneficially Owned Prior to
this Offering (post-
consolidation)(1)
   Common Shares
Beneficially Owned After
this Offering (post-
consolidation)(2)
 
Name of Beneficial Owner  Shares   %   Shares   % 
Directors and Executive Officers:                    
Jason Barnard, President and CEO, Director(3)   21,355,799    10.8%           
Andrew Lyons, Director(4)   1,525,000    *           
Christopher MacPherson, Director (5)   1,400,000              *           
Michael McLeod, Director (6)   1,350,000           *           
Johnathan More, Director (7)   2,200,000    1.1%           
Cyrus Driver, CFO and Corporate Secretary(9)   500,000    *           
Mark Fedikow, VP of Exploration(9)   1,095,235    *           
Christina Barnard, VP of Operations(10)   21,355,799      10.8%           
Directors and executive officers as a group (8 people)   29,926,034    15.1%           

 

*Less than 1%

 

(1)

Based on 199,015,799 common shares issued and outstanding as of May 12, 2023.

 

(2)Based on             common shares issued and outstanding after this offering.

 

(3)Includes 7,861,000 common shares owned by Claimbank Exploration Ltd. (“Claimbank”) and 9,181,489 owned by Ora Nutraceuticals, Inc. (“Ora”). Mr. Barnard is the sole owner of each of Claimbank and Ora and has sole voting and investment control over these shares. Also includes shares held by Mrs. Barnard detailed below.

 

(4)

Consists of 525,000 common shares, and 1,000,000 common shares issuable upon exercise of options at $0.18 (US$0.13) per share. 

 

(5)

Consists of 400,000 common shares and 1,000,000 common shares issuable upon exercise of options at $0.18 (US$0.13) per share. 

 

(6)

Consists of 100,000 common shares, 850,000 common shares issuable upon exercise of options at $0.18 (US$0.13) per share, and 400,000 common shares issuable upon exercise of options at $0.275 (US$0.20) per share.

 

(7)

Consists of 950,000 common shares and 250,000 common shares issuable upon exercise of options at $0.18 (US$0.13) per share, and 1,000,000 common shares issuable upon exercise of options at $0.255 (US$0.19) per share. 

 

(8)

Consists of 500,000 issuable upon exercise of options at $0.19 (US$0.14) per share. 

 

(9)

Includes 585,235 common shares, 500,000 common shares issuable upon exercise of options at $0.15 (US$0.11) per share, and 500,000 common shares issuable upon exercise of options at $0.19 (US$0.14) per share, each held by Mount Morgan. Mr. Fedikow is the sole owner of Mount Morgan and has voting and investment control over these shares. Also includes 10,000 common shares held by Mr. Fedikow’s spouse.

 

(10)

Includes 874,411 common shares, 2,688,889 shares owned by 1374646 B.C. LTD and 750,000 common shares issuable upon exercise of options at $0.33 (US$0.24) per share. Also includes shares held by Mr. Barnard detailed below. 

 

None of our major shareholders have differentvoting rights from other shareholders. We are not aware of any arrangement that may, at a subsequent date, result in a change ofcontrol of our company.

 

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RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

 

Compensation Arrangement with OurManagement Team

 

See “Management - Executive andConsulting Agreements.”

 

Other Transactions with Related Parties

 

On May 10, 2022, the Company entered into a secured promissory note in the principal amount of $1,145,520.08(US$846,539) (the “Loan”) with Jason Barnard and Christina Barnard (the “Lenders”). On May 10, 2023, theCompany and the Lenders agreed to amend the promissory note to extend its term by one year and increase the interest rate to 11.35%payable in monthly installments of $8,000 (US$5,912), with the balance of accrued interest payable on maturity. The Loan is repayableat any time without penalty and matures on May 10, 2024.. As of March 31, 2023, the Company owed $1,143,998 of principal on theLoan. Pursuant to the General Security Agreement entered into in connection with the Loan, the Company provided the Lenders witha security interest in substantially all of the assets of the Company and prohibits the Company from granting any security interestthat could rank in priority to or pari passu with the Lender’s security interest. The Lenders are the Company’slargest shareholders owning approximately 10.8% of the Company’s common shares. In addition, Mr. Barnard has since becomethe Company’s Chief Executive Officer and director and Mrs. Barnard has since become the Company’s Vice President ofOperations.

 

In July 2021, the Company entered intoan option agreement with Mount Morgan to acquire a 100% interest in its Jean Lake lithium-gold project. Mount Morgan was at thattime, and currently is, controlled by Mark Fedikow who is the Company’s Vice President Exploration. The Jean Lake propertyconsists of five mineral claims covering 2500 acres/1002 hectares and is situated along the Thompson Brothers Trend, the focusof exploration for lithium-bearing pegmatite dikes in the Snow Lake area. The property hosts recently discovered high-grade lithiumpegmatite dikes. Ongoing exploration includes drone-assisted magnetic surveys, prospecting and rock and soil geochemical surveys.Fourteen new drill targets have been defined and together with known pegmatites are planned and approved, and drilling has begunin December 2022.

 

The Company may exercise the Jean LakeOption by making the following cash payments and common share issuances to Mount Morgan over a 48 -month period (the “JeanLake Option Period”): (a) shares in the capital of the Company valued at $25,000 (US$18,475), and $25,000 (US$18,475) incash within two business days following July 30, 2021; (b) shares in the capital of the Company valued at $50,000 (US$36,949) andan additional $50,000 (US$36,949) in cash on or before July 30, 2022 (in addition, the Company must spend $50,000 (US$36,949) onExploration expenses by July 30, 2022); c) shares in the capital of the Company valued at $50,000 (US$36,949) and an additional$50,000 (US$36,949) in cash on or before July 30, 2023; (in addition, the Company must have spent an accumulated total of $100,000(US$73,899) on Exploration expenses by the second anniversary of July 30, 2021); (d) shares in the capital of the Company at $50,000(US$36,949) and an additional $50,000 (US$36,949) in cash on or before July 30, 2024 (in addition, the Company must have spentan accumulated total of $150,000 (US$110,848) on Exploration expenses by July 30, 2024); and (e) shares in the capital of the Companyvalued at $75,000 (US$55,424)and an additional $75,000 (US$55,424) in cash on or before July 30, 2025 (in addition, the Companymust have spent an accumulated $200,000 (US$147,798) on Exploration expenses or before July 30, 2025). Both the initial share andcash issuance and the share and cash issuance due July 30, 2022 have been completed.

 

In addition to the above,

 

- during the fiscal year ended March 31, 2023, the Company paid $66,530 in investor relations fees to acompany co-owned by Jason Barnard, the Company’s President, Chief Executive Officer and Director, and Christina Barnard,the Company’s Vice President of Operations;

- during the two fiscal years ending March 31, 2023, the Company paid approximately $85,000 in consultingfees to a company owned by Christina Barnard, the Company’s Vice President of Operations; and

- prior to Mike McLeod’s appointment as a director of the Company, the Company paid $25,000 in consultingfees to Mike McLeod during the fiscal year ended March 31, 2023.

 

 

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DESCRIPTION OF SHARECAPITAL

 

General

 

The following is a descriptionof the material terms of our share capital as set forth in our articles of incorporation, as amended, and as further amended inconnection with this offering, and certain related sections of the BCBCA. For more detailed information, please see our articlesof incorporation and amendments thereto, which are filed as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus formsa part.

 

As of May 12, 2023, we had 13 shareholdersof record holding 199,015,799 common shares issued and outstanding, of which 17,765,300 shares (approximately 8.93%) were heldby shareholders of record located in the United States.

 

Our board of directors intends to effecta share consolidation of our outstanding common shares in connection with this offering and our intended listing of our commonshares on the Nasdaq to result in a price per share at approximately US$5.00 – US$6.00.We expect to effect the share consolidation, at a ratio of up to 1-for-80, shortly prior to the effectiveness of this registrationstatement for the offering.

 

Upon closing of thisoffering as of    , 2023, our share capital will consist of an unlimited number of common shares, no par value per share, of whichwill be issued and outstanding (if the underwriters exercise the over-allotment option in full).

 

Share Capital

 

Underour articles of incorporation, the holders of our common shares are entitled to one vote for each share held at any meeting ofthe shareholders. The holders of our common shares are entitled to receive dividends as and when declared by our board of directors.In the event of our liquidation, dissolution or winding-up or other distribution of our assets among our shareholders, the holdersof our common shares are entitled to share pro rata in the distribution of the balance of our assets.

 

All common shares outstanding aftercompletion of this offering will be fully paid and non-assessable and are not subject to any pre-emptive rights, conversion orexchange rights, redemption, retraction, purchase for cancellation or surrender provisions, sinking or purchase fund provisions,provisions permitting or restricting the issuance of additional securities or provisions requiring a shareholder to contributeadditional capital.

 

Warrants

 

All of the Company’s outstandingwarrants were granted in connection with private placements and each warrant can be exercised for one common share. None of thewarrants have a cashless exercise feature thus no issuance of common stock would occur if the market price is less than the exerciseprice. As of May 11, 2023, there are 1,488,235 warrants issued and outstanding.

 

Options

 

The Company follows the policies ofthe Canadian Securities Exchange under which it is authorized to grant options to executive officers and directors, employees,and consultants enabling them to acquire up to 10% of the issued and outstanding common stock of the Company. As of May 12, 2023,there are currently 11,315,000 stock options issued and outstanding. Under the policies, the exercise price of each option maynot be less than the market price of the Company’s stock as calculated on the day before the date of grant. The options canbe granted for a maximum term of ten years. The options shall be subject to such vesting requirements, if any, as may be determinedby the board from time to time provided that options granted to consultants performing “investor relation activities”must vest in stages over 12 months with no more than ¼ of the options granted vesting in any six month period. See “Management—Our 2021 Stock Option Plan.”

 

Limitation of Liability and Indemnification ofDirectors and Officers

 

Under the BCBCA, we mayindemnify our current or former directors or officers or another individual who acts or acted at our request as a director or officer,or an individual acting in a similar capacity, of another entity which the Company is or was a shareholder or creditor of, againstall costs, charges and expenses, including an amount paid to settle an action or satisfy a judgment, reasonably incurred by theindividual in respect of any civil, criminal, administrative, investigative or other proceeding in which the individual is involvedbecause of his or her association with us or another entity. The BCBCA also provides that we may also advance moneys to a director,officer or other individual for costs, charges and expenses reasonably incurred in connection with such a proceeding; providedthat such individual shall repay the moneys if the individual does not fulfill the conditions described below.

 

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However, indemnification is prohibited under the BCBCAif any of the following circumstances apply:

 

if the indemnity is made under an earlier agreement to indemnify or pay expenses and, at thetime that the agreement to indemnify or pay expenses was made, the company was prohibited from giving the indemnity or paying theexpenses by its memorandum or articles;

if the indemnity or payment is made otherwise than under an earlier agreement to indemnify orpay expenses and, at the time that the indemnity or payment is made, the company is prohibited from giving the indemnity or payingthe expenses by its memorandum or articles;

if, in relation to the subject matter of the eligible proceeding, the eligible party did notact honestly and in good faith with a view to the best interests of the company or the associated corporation, as the case maybe;

in the case of an eligible proceeding other than a civil proceeding, if the eligible party did not have reasonable grounds for believing that the eligible party’s conduct in respect of which the proceeding was brought was lawful.

 

Section 20 of our Articlesof Incorporation requires us to indemnify each of our current or former directors or alternate directors (each an “eligibleparty”)as well as their respective heirs and legal personal representatives, against all eligible penalties to which suchperson is or may be liable by reason of the eligible party having been a director or alternate director (an “eligible proceeding”),and deem the Company to have contracted with such eligible parties on the terms of the indemnity provided for therein. Further,following the final disposition of any eligible proceeding, the Company must pay the expenses actually and reasonably incurredby such person in respect of that proceeding.

 

Other Important Provisions in our Articles ofIncorporation

 

The following is a summaryof certain important provisions of our articles of incorporation, as amended. Please note that this is only a summary, is not intendedto be exhaustive and is qualified in its entirety by reference to our articles of incorporation. For further information, pleaserefer to the full version of our articles of incorporation, a copy of which is filed as an exhibit to the registration statementof which this prospectus forms a part.

 

Objects and Purposes of the Company

 

Our articles of incorporationdo not contain and are not required to contain a description of our objects and purposes. There is no restriction contained inour articles of incorporation on the business that we may carry on.

 

Directors

 

Disclosable Interests

 

The BCBCA states that adirector must disclose to us, in accordance with the provisions of the BCBCA, the nature and extent of an interest that the directorhas in a material contract or material transaction, whether made or proposed, with us, if the director has a material interestin or has a material interest in a party to the contract or transaction.

 

A director who holds aninterest in respect of any material contract or transaction into which we have entered or propose to enter is not entitled to voteon any directors’ resolution to approve that contract or transaction, unless all of the directors have a disclosable interestin that contract or transaction.

 

Remuneration of Directors

 

Neither the BCBCA nor theCompany’s Articles of Incorporation contain any provisions prohibiting or limiting the compensation that may be paid to directorsin their capacity as directors. Currently, any director compensation, including equity based compensation including grants of stockoption, restricted share units or performance share units, is determined by the board of directors in its sole discretion.

 

Age Limit Requirement

 

Neither our articles of incorporation nor the BCBCAimpose any mandatory age-related retirement or non-retirement requirement for our directors.

 

Share Ownership

 

Neither our articles of incorporation nor the BCBCAprovide that a director is required to hold any of our shares as a qualification for holding his or her office. Our board of directorshas discretion to prescribe minimum share ownership requirements for directors.

 

Quorum

 

Under our company articles,the quorum necessary for the transaction of the business of the directors may be fixed by the directors and if not so fixed shallbe a majority of the directors. If there is only one director, the quorum necessary for the transaction of the business of thedirectors is one director, and that director may constitute a meeting.

 

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Borrowing Powers

 

Pursuant to our Articlesrelating to the borrowing powers of our directors, our board of directors may: (i) borrow any sum of money; (ii)guarantee the repaymentof any sum of money borrowed by any person or corporation; and (iii) guarantee the performance of any obligation of any personor corporation, and may raise or secure the repayment of any sum of money for borrowed or obligation guaranteed in any manner andupon such terms as the directors see fit including by the issue of bonds, debentures or other debt obligations or by granting ofany mortgages or other security on the undertaking or whole or any part of the property of the Company. .

 

Alterations

 

Pursuant to our Articlesof Incorporation, the shareholders of the Company may by ordinary resolution: i) create one or more classes of shares or, if noneof the shares of a class are allotted or issued, eliminate that class of shares; (ii) create one or more series of shares withina class or, if none of the shares of a series or shares are allotted or issued, eliminate that series of shares; (iii) increase,reduce or eliminate the maximum number of shares that the Company is authorized to issue out of any class or series of shares orestablish a maximum number of shares that the Company is authorized to issue out of any class or series of shares for which nomaximum is established; (iv) subdivide or consolidate all or any of its unissued, or fully paid issue d, shares; (v) resolutionchange all or any of its unissued, or fully paid issued, shares with par value into shares without par value or any of its unissuedshares without par value into shares with par value; or (vi) by ordinary resolution or special resolution otherwise alter its sharesor authorized share structure when required or permitted to do so by the Business Corporations Act.

 

Subject to the BCBCA, theshareholders of the Company may by ordinary resolution: (i) create special rights and restrictions for, and attach those specialrights and restrictions to, the shares of any class or series, whether or not any or all of those shares have been issued; and(ii) vary or delete any special rights or restrictions attached to the shares of any c lass or series, whether or not any or allof those shares have been issued.

 

The Company mayby either ordinary resolution or directors’ resolution authorize an alteration of its Notice of Articles in order to change itsname.

 

If the BCBCA does not otherwisespecify the type of resolution and the Company’s Articles of Incorporation do not specify another type of resolution, theshareholders of the Company may by special resolution alter its Articles.

 

Shareholder Meetings

 

We must hold an annual generalmeeting of our shareholders at least once every year at a time and place determined by our board of directors, provided that themeeting must not be held later than 15 months after the preceding annual general meeting at such time and place as may be determinedby the directors.

 

Pursuant to the BCBCA, shareholdersholding not less than 5% of our issued voting shares may also cause our directors to call a shareholders’ meeting.

 

A notice to convene a meeting,specifying the date, time and location of the meeting, and, where a meeting is to consider special business, the general natureof the special business, must be sent to shareholders, to each director and the auditor not less than 21 days prior to the meeting,although, as a result of applicable securities laws, the time for notice no more than 60 and no less than 30 days before the meetingdated. Under the BCBCA , shareholders and any other person entitled to notice of a meeting may waive or reduce the period of noticefor that meeting, provided applicable securities laws requirements are met. Under Our Articles, the accidental omission to sendnotice of any meeting of shareholders to, or the non-receipt of any notice by, any person entitled to notice does not invalidateany proceedings at that meeting.

 

A quorum for meetings underour Articles, as amended in connection with this offering will be two persons present and holding, or represented by proxy, 5%of the issued shares entitled to be voted at the meeting. If a quorum is not present at the opening of the meeting, the shareholdersmay adjourn the meeting to a fixed time and place but may not transact any further business.

 

Registered holders of ouroutstanding common shares and proxyholders appointed by registered shareholders are entitled to attend meetings of our shareholders.Our directors, the president, the, any solicitor for the Company our auditor and any other persons invited by our directors orwith the consent of those at the meeting are entitled to attend at any meeting of our shareholders but will not be counted in thequorum or be entitled to vote at the meeting unless he or she is a shareholder or proxyholder entitled to vote at the meeting.

 

Director Nominations

 

At any shareholder meetingat which directors are to be nominated for election, any such nomination, other than a nomination made by the Company’s management,must be made in accordance with and must comply with the advance notice policy (the “Advance Notice Policy”) adoptedby the Company’s board of directors on November 1, 2013 and ratified by the shareholders at the annual general meeting ofthe shareholders of the Company held on November 28, 2013. The Advance Notice Policy establishes the process to be followed byShareholders to nominate a person for election as a director of the Company and provides for a reasonable period of time to submitnominee names, as well as specific requirements as to the information which must accompany the nominations (the “AdvanceNotice of Nomination”).

 

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Under the Advance NoticePolicy, to be timely, a shareholder’s Advance Notice of Nomination must be received (i) in the case of an annual meetingof shareholders, not less than 30 days prior to the date of the annual meeting of shareholders; provided, however, that in theevent that the annual meeting of shareholders is to be held on a date that is less than 50 days after the date on which the firstpublic announcement of the date of the annual meeting was made, notice by the shareholder must be received not later than the closeof business on the 10th day following the date of such public announcement; and (ii) in the case of a special meeting (which isnot also an annual meeting) of shareholders called for any purpose which includes the election of directors to the board of directors,not later than the close of business on the 15th day following the day on which the first public announcement of the date of thespecial meeting was made. This article also prescribes the proper written form for a shareholder’s notice.

 

Impediments to Change of Control

 

Our Articles of incorporationdo not contain any change of control limitations with respect to a merger, acquisition or corporate restructuring that involvesus.

 

Compulsory Acquisition

 

The BCBCA provides thatif, within 4 months after the date of a take-over bid made to shareholders of a corporation, the bid is accepted by the holdersof not less than 9/10 of the shares (other than the shares held by the offeror or an affiliate of the offeror) of any class ofshares to which the bid relates, the offeror is entitled to acquire (on the same terms on which the offeror acquired shares underthe take- over bid) the shares held by those holders of shares of that class who did not accept the take-over bid. If a shareholderwho did not accept the take-over bid (a dissenting offeree) does not receive an offeror’s notice, with respect to a compulsoryacquisition (as described in the preceding sentence), that shareholder may require the offeror to acquire those shares on the sameterms under which the offeror acquired (or will acquire) the shares owned by the shareholders who accepted the take-over bid.

 

Ownership and Exchange Controls

 

Competition Act

 

Limitations on the abilityto acquire and hold our common shares may be imposed by the Competition Act (Canada). This legislation establishes a pre-mergernotification regime for certain types of merger transactions that exceed certain statutory shareholding and financial thresholds.Transactions that are subject to notification cannot be closed until the required materials are filed and the applicable statutorywaiting period has expired or been waived by the Commissioner of Competition, or the Commissioner. Further, the Competition Act(Canada) permits the Commissioner to review any acquisition of control over or of a significant interest in us, whether or notit is subject to mandatory notification. This legislation grants the Commissioner jurisdiction, for up to one year, to challengethis type of acquisition before the Canadian Competition Tribunal if it would, or would be likely to, substantially prevent orlessen competition in any market in Canada.

 

Investment Canada Act

 

The Investment Canada Actrequires notification and, in certain cases, advance review and approval by the Government of Canada of an investment to establisha new Canadian business by a non-Canadian or of the acquisition by a non-Canadian of “control” of a “Canadianbusiness”, all as defined in the Investment Canada Act. Generally, the threshold for advance review and approval will behigher in monetary terms for a member of the World Trade Organization. The Investment Canada Act generally prohibits the implementationof such a reviewable transaction unless, after review, the relevant minister is satisfied that the investment is likely to be ofnet benefit to Canada.

 

The Investment Canada Actcontains various rules to determine if there has been an acquisition of control. For example, for purposes of determining whetheran investor has acquired control of a corporation by acquiring shares, the following general rules apply, subject to certain exceptions.The acquisition of a majority of the voting shares of a corporation is deemed to be acquisition of control of that corporation.The acquisition of less than a majority but one-third or more of the voting shares of a corporation is presumed to be an acquisitionof control of that corporation unless it can be established that, on the acquisition, the corporation is not controlled in factby the acquiror through the ownership of voting shares. The acquisition of less than one-third of the voting shares of a corporationis deemed not to be acquisition of control of that corporation.

 

In addition, under the InvestmentCanada Act, national security review on a discretionary basis may also be undertaken by the federal government in respect of amuch broader range of investments by a non-Canadian to “acquire, in whole or in part, or to establish an entity carryingon all or any part of its operations in Canada, with the relevant test being whether such an investment by a non-Canadian couldbe “injurious to national security.” The Minister of Industry has broad discretion to determine whether an investoris a non- Canadian and therefore may be subject to national security review. Review on national security grounds is at the discretionof the federal government and may occur on a pre- or post-closing basis.

 

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See “Material UnitedStates and Canadian Income Tax Considerations—U.S. Federal Income Taxation Considerations” for additional informationregarding the material U.S. federal income tax consequences relating to the ownership and disposition of our common shares by U.S.Holders (as defined thereto).

 

Any of these provisions maydiscourage a potential acquirer from proposing or completing a transaction that may have otherwise presented a premium to our shareholders.We cannot predict whether investors will find our company and our common shares less attractive because we are governed by foreignlaws.

 

Listing

 

In connection with thisoffering, we intend to file an application to list our common shares under the symbol “FMST” on the Nasdaq CapitalMarket.

 

Transfer Agent and Registrar

 

Thetransfer agent and registrar for our common shares in the United States will be Odyssey Trust Company. The address for is UnitedKingdom Building 350 – 409 Granville Street Vancouver BC V6C 1T2, and the telephone number is 888-290-1175.

 

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SHARES ELIGIBLE FORFUTURE SALE

 

Future sales of our commonshares in the public market could adversely affect prevailing market prices and could impair our ability to raise equity capitalin the future. Sales of substantial numbers of our shares in the public market could adversely affect prevailing market pricesof our common shares. While we have applied to list our common shares on the Nasdaq Capital Market, we cannot assure you that aregular trading market will develop in our common shares.

 

Rule 144

 

In general, a person whohas beneficially owned restricted common shares for at least twelve months, or at least six months in the event we have been areporting company under the Exchange Act for at least ninety (90) days before the sale, would be entitled to sell such securities,provided that such person is not deemed to be an affiliate of ours at the time of sale or to have been an affiliate of ours atany time during the ninety (90) days preceding the sale. A person who is an affiliate of ours at such time would be subject toadditional restrictions, by which such person would be entitled to sell within any three-month period only a number of shares thatdoes not exceed the greater of the following:

 

1% of the number of common shares then outstanding; or

1% of the average weekly trading volume of our common shares during the four calendar weeks precedingthe filing by such person of a notice on Form 144 with respect to the sale;

 

provided that, in each case,we are subject to the periodic reporting requirements of the Exchange Act for at least 90 days before the sale. Rule 144 tradesmust also comply with the manner of sale, notice and other provisions of Rule 144, to the extent applicable.

 

Rule 701

 

In general, Rule 701 allowsa shareholder who purchased shares pursuant to a written compensatory plan or contract and who is not deemed to have been an affiliateof ours during the immediately preceding 90 days to sell those shares in reliance upon Rule 144, but without being required tocomply with the public information, holding period, volume limitation or notice provisions of Rule 144. All holders of Rule 701shares, however, are required to wait until ninety (90) days after the date of this prospectus before selling shares pursuant toRule 701.

 

Lock-Up Agreements

 

We, all of our directors and officers, and holdersof 5% or greater of our common shares, have agreed with the underwriters, subject to certain exceptions, not to offer, pledge,sell, transfer or dispose of, directly or indirectly, any of our common shares or securities convertible into or exercisable orexchangeable for our common shares for a period of (i) three months after the closing of this offering in the case of our company,(ii) six months after the closing of this offering in the case of our directors and officers, and (iii) three months after theclosing of this offering in the case of holders of 5% or greater of our common shares. See “Underwriting” formore information.

 

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MATERIALUNITED STATES AND CANADIAN INCOME TAX CONSIDERATIONS

 

CanadianIncome Tax Considerations

 

Thefollowing summary describes, as of the date hereof, the material Canadian federal income tax considerations generally applicableto a purchaser who acquires, as a beneficial owner, common shares pursuant to this prospectus and who, at all relevant times,for the purposes of the application of the Income Tax Act (Canada) and the Income Tax Regulations (which we collectivelyrefer to as the Canadian Tax Act), (i) is not, and is not deemed to be, resident in Canada for purposes of the Canadian Tax Actand any applicable income tax treaty or convention; (ii) deals at arm’s length with us; (iii) is not affiliated with us;(iv) does not use or hold, and is not deemed to use or hold, common shares in a business or part of a business carried on in Canada;(v) has not entered into, with respect to the common shares, a “derivative forward agreement”, as that term is definedin the Canadian Tax Act and (vi) holds the common shares as capital property (which we refer to as a Non-Canadian Holder). Thissummary does not apply to a Non-Canadian Holder that is an insurer carrying on an insurance business in Canada and elsewhere oran “authorized foreign bank”, as that term is defined in the Canadian Tax Act. Such Non-Canadian Holders should consulttheir tax advisors for advice having regards to their particular circumstances.

 

Thissummary is based on the current provisions of the Canadian Tax Act and the Canada-United States Tax Convention, as amended orthe Canada-U.S. Tax Treaty, and an understanding of the current administrative policies of the Canada Revenue Agency publishedin writing prior to the date hereof. It takes into account all specific proposals to amend the Canadian Tax Act publicly announcedby or on behalf of the Minister of Finance (Canada) prior to the date hereof (which we refer to as the Proposed Amendments) andassumes that all Proposed Amendments will be enacted in the form proposed. However, no assurances can be given that the ProposedAmendments will be enacted as proposed, or at all. This summary does not otherwise take into account or anticipate any changesin law or administrative policy or assessing practice whether by legislative, regulatory, administrative or judicial action nordoes it take into account tax legislation or considerations of any province, territory or foreign jurisdiction, which may differfrom those discussed herein.

 

Thissummary is of a general nature only and is not, and is not intended to be, legal or tax advice to any particular shareholder,and no representations with respect to the income tax consequences to any particular shareholder are made. This summary is notexhaustive of all Canadian federal income tax considerations. Accordingly, you should consult your own tax advisor with respectto your particular circumstances.

 

Generally,for purposes of the Canadian Tax Act, all amounts relating to the acquisition, holding or disposition of the common shares mustbe converted into Canadian dollars based on the exchange rates as determined in accordance with the Canadian Tax Act. The amountof any dividends, capital gains or capital losses realized by a Non-Canadian Holder may be affected by fluctuations in the Canadian-U.S.dollar exchange rate.

 

Dividends

 

Dividendspaid or credited on the common shares or deemed to be paid or credited on the common shares to a Non-Canadian Holder will be subjectto Canadian withholding tax at the rate of 25%, subject to any reduction in the rate of withholding to which the Non-CanadianHolder is entitled under any applicable income tax treaty or convention between Canada and the country in which the Non-CanadianHolder is resident. For example, under the Canada-U.S. Tax Treaty, where dividends on the common shares are considered to be paidto or derived by a Non-Canadian Holder that is the beneficial owner of the dividends and a U.S. resident for the purposes of,and is entitled to benefits of, the Canada-U.S. Tax Treaty, the applicable rate of Canadian withholding tax is generally reducedto 15% (or 5% in the case of a U.S. Holder that is a corporation beneficially owning at least 10% of all of the issued votingshares). We will be required to withhold the applicable withholding tax from any dividend and remit it to the Canadian governmentfor the Non-Canadian Holder’s account. Non-Canadian Holders are urged to consult their own tax advisors to determinetheir entitlement to relief under an applicable income tax treaty.

 

Dispositions

 

ANon-Canadian Holder will not be subject to tax under the Canadian Tax Act on any capital gain realized on a disposition or deemeddisposition of a common share, nor will capital losses arising therefrom be recognized under the Canadian Tax Act, unless (i)the common shares are “taxable Canadian property” to the Non-Canadian Holder for purposes of the Canadian Tax Actat the time of disposition; and (ii) the Non-Canadian Holder is not entitled to relief under an applicable income tax treaty orconvention between Canada and the country in which the Non-Canadian Holder is resident.

 

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Generally,the common shares will not constitute “taxable Canadian property” to a Non-Canadian Holder at a particular time providedthat the common shares are listed at that time on a “designated stock exchange” (as defined in the Canadian Tax Act),which includes Nasdaq and the CSE unless at any particular time during the 60-month period that ends at that time:

 

  at least 25% of the issued shares of any class or series of our capital stock was owned by or belonged to any combination of (a) the Non-Canadian Holder, (b) persons with whom the Non-Canadian Holder does not deal at arm’s length, and (c) partnerships in which the Non-Canadian Holder or a person described in (b) holds a membership interest directly or indirectly through one or more partnerships, and
  more than 50% of the fair market value of the common shares was derived, directly or indirectly, from one or any combination of : (i) real or immoveable property situated in Canada, (ii) “Canadian resource properties” (as that term is defined in the Canadian Tax Act), (iii) “timber resource properties” (as that term is defined in the Canadian Tax Act) and (iv) options in respect of, or interests in, or for civil law rights in, property in any of the foregoing whether or not the property exists.

 

Notwithstandingthe foregoing, in certain circumstances, common shares could be deemed to be “taxable Canadian property.”

 

ANon-Canadian Holder’s capital gain (or capital loss) of a disposition or deemed disposition of common shares that constituteor are deemed to constitute taxable Canadian property (and are not “treaty-protected property” as defined in the CanadianTax Act) generally will be computed and taxed as though the Non-Canadian Holder were a resident of Canada for purposes of theCanadian Tax Act. Such Non-Canadian Holder may be required to report the disposition or deemed disposition of common shares byfiling a tax return in accordance with the Canadian Tax Act. Non-Canadian Holders whose common shares may be taxable Canadianproperty should consult their own tax advisors regarding the tax and compliance considerations that may be relevant to them.

 

U.S.Federal Income Taxation Considerations

 

The following is a general summary of certain material U.S.federal income tax considerations applicable to a U.S. Holder (as defined below) arising from and relating to the acquisition,ownership and disposition of common shares as acquired pursuant to this offering. This summary is for general information purposesonly and does not purport to be a complete analysis or listing of all potential U.S. federal income tax considerations that mayapply to a U.S. Holder arising from or relating to the acquisition, ownership and disposition of common shares as acquired pursuantto this offering. In addition, this summary does not take into account the individual facts and circumstances of any particularU.S. Holder that may affect the U.S. federal income tax consequences to such U.S. Holder, including, without limitation, specifictax consequences to a U.S. Holder under an applicable income tax treaty. Accordingly, this summary is not intended to be, andshould not be construed as, legal or U.S. federal income tax advice with respect to any U.S. Holder. This summary does not addressthe U.S. federal alternative minimum, U.S. federal net investment income, U.S. federal estate and gift, U.S. state and local,and non-U.S. tax consequences to U.S. Holders of the acquisition, ownership and disposition of common shares. In addition, exceptas specifically set forth below, this summary does not discuss applicable income tax reporting requirements. Each prospectiveU.S. Holder should consult its own tax advisors regarding the U.S. federal, U.S. federal alternative minimum, U.S. federal netinvestment income, U.S. federal estate and gift, U.S. state and local, and non-U.S. tax consequences relating to the acquisition,ownership and disposition of common shares.

 

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No legal opinion from U.S. legal counsel or ruling from theInternal Revenue Service (the “IRS”) has been requested, or will be obtained, regarding the U.S. federal income taxconsequences of the acquisition, ownership and disposition of common shares. This summary is not binding on the IRS, and the IRSis not precluded from taking a position that is different from, or contrary to, the positions taken in this summary. In addition,because the authorities on which this summary is based are subject to various interpretations, the IRS and the U.S. courts coulddisagree with one or more of the conclusions described in this summary.

 

Scope of this Summary

 

Authorities

 

This summary is based on the Code, Treasury Regulations (whetherfinal, temporary, or proposed), published rulings of the IRS, published administrative positions of the IRS, the current provisionsof the Canada-U.S. Tax Treaty, and U.S. court decisions that are applicable, and, in each case, as in effect and available, asof the date of this document. Any of the authorities on which this summary is based could be changed in a material and adversemanner at any time, and any such change could be applied on a retroactive or prospective basis, which could affect the U.S. federalincome tax considerations described in this summary. Except as provided herein, this summary does not discuss the potential effects,whether adverse or beneficial, of any proposed legislation that, if enacted, could be applied on a retroactive or prospective basis.

 

U.S. Holders

 

For purposes of this summary, the term “U.S. Holder”means a beneficial owner of common shares as acquired pursuant to this offering, that is for U.S. federal income tax purposes:

 

An individual who is a citizen or resident of the United States;

 

a corporation (or other entity treated as a corporation for U.S.federal income tax purposes) organized under the laws of the United States, any state thereof or the District of Columbia;

 

an estate whose income is subject to U.S. federal income taxationregardless of its source; or

 

a trust that (1) is subject to the primary supervision of a courtwithin the U.S. and the control of one or more U.S. persons for all substantial decisions or (2) has a valid election in effectunder applicable Treasury Regulations to be treated as a U.S. person.

 

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Non-U.S. Holders

 

For purposes of this summary, a “non-U.S. Holder”is a beneficial owner of common shares that is not a U.S. Holder or an entity classified as a partnership for U.S. federal incometax purposes. This summary does not address the U.S. federal, state or local tax consequences to non-U.S. Holders arising fromor relating to the acquisition, ownership and disposition of common shares. Accordingly, a non-U.S. Holder should consult its owntax advisors regarding the U.S. federal, state or local and non-U.S. tax consequences (including the potential application of andoperation of any income tax treaties) relating to the acquisition, ownership and disposition of common shares.

 

U.S. Holders Subject to Special U.S. Federal Income TaxRules Not Addressed

 

This summary does not address the U.S. federal income taxconsiderations applicable to U.S. Holders that are subject to special provisions under the Code, including, but not limited toU.S. Holders that: (a) are tax-exempt organizations, qualified retirement plans, individual retirement accounts, or other tax-deferredaccounts; (b) are financial institutions, underwriters, insurance companies, real estate investment trusts, or regulated investmentcompanies; (c) are broker-dealers, dealers, or traders in securities or currencies that elect to apply a mark-to-market accountingmethod; (d) have a “functional currency” other than the U.S. dollar; (e) own common shares as part of a straddle, hedgingtransaction, conversion transaction, constructive sale, or other integrated transaction; (f) acquire common shares in connectionwith the exercise of employee stock options or otherwise as compensation for services; (g) hold common shares other than as a capitalasset within the meaning of Section 1221 of the Code (generally, property held for investment purposes); (h) are subject to thealternative minimum tax; (i) are subject to special tax accounting rules with respect to common shares; (j) are partnerships orother “pass-through” entities (and partners or other owners thereof); (k) are S corporations (and shareholders thereof);(l) are U.S. expatriates or former long-term residents of the United States subject to Section 877 or 877A of the Code; (m) holdcommon shares in connection with a trade or business, permanent establishment, or fixed base outside the United States; or (n)own or have owned or will own (directly, indirectly, or by attribution) 10% or more of the total combined voting power or valueof our outstanding shares. U.S. Holders that are subject to special provisions under the Code, including, but not limited to, U.S.Holders described immediately above, should consult their own tax advisors regarding the U.S. federal, U.S. federal alternativeminimum, U.S. federal net investment income, U.S. federal estate and gift, U.S. state and local, and non-U.S. tax consequencesrelating to the acquisition, ownership and disposition of common shares.

 

If an entity or arrangement that is classified as a partnership(or other “pass-through” entity) for U.S. federal income tax purposes holds common shares, the U.S. federal incometax consequences to such entity or arrangement and the partners (or other owners or participants) of such entity or arrangementgenerally will depend on the activities of the entity or arrangement and the status of such partners (or owners or participants).This summary does not address the tax consequences to any such partner (or owner or participant). Partners (or other owners orparticipants) of entities or arrangements that are classified as partnerships or as “pass-through” entities for U.S.federal income tax purposes should consult their own tax advisors regarding the U.S. federal income tax consequences arising fromand relating to the acquisition, ownership and disposition of common shares.

 

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Passive Foreign Investment Company Rules

 

If we were to constitute a “passiveforeign investment company” or “PFIC” for any year during a U.S. Holder’s holding period, then certainpotentially adverse rules would affect the U.S. federal income tax consequences to a U.S. Holder resulting from the acquisition,ownership and disposition of common shares. We believe we were a “passive foreign investment company” (a “PFIC”)within the meaning of Section 1297 of the U.S. Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”) for our mostrecently completed taxable year and based on the nature of our business, the projected composition of our gross income and theprojected composition and estimated fair market values of our assets, we expect to be a PFIC for our current taxable year and maybe a PFIC in subsequent tax years. No opinion of legal counsel or ruling from the IRS concerning our status as a PFIC has beenobtained or is currently planned to be requested. The determination of whether any corporation was, or will be, a PFIC for a taxyear depends, in part, on the application of complex U.S. federal income tax rules, which are subject to differing interpretations.In addition, whether any corporation will be a PFIC for any tax year depends on the assets and income of such corporation overthe course of each such tax year and, as a result, cannot be predicted with certainty as of the date of this document. Accordingly,there can be no assurance that the IRS will not challenge any determination made by us (or any of our subsidiaries) concerningour (or its) PFIC status. Each U.S. Holder should consult its own tax advisors regarding our PFIC status of the PFIC status ofeach of our subsidiaries.

 

In any year in which we are classifiedas a PFIC, a U.S. Holder will be required to file an annual report with the IRS containing such information as Treasury Regulationsand/or other IRS guidance may require. In addition to penalties, a failure to satisfy such reporting requirements may result inan extension of the time period during which the IRS can assess a tax. U.S. Holders should consult their own tax advisors regardingthe requirements of filing such information returns under these rules, including the requirement to file an IRS Form 8621 annually.

 

We generally will be a PFIC if, fora tax year, (a) 75% or more of our gross income is passive income (the “PFIC income test”) or (b) 50% or more of thevalue of our assets either produce passive income or are held for the production of passive income, based on the quarterly averageof the fair market value of such assets (the “PFIC asset test”). “Gross income” generally includes allsales revenues less the cost of goods sold, plus income from investments and from incidental or outside operations or sources,and “passive income” generally includes, for example, dividends, interest, certain rents and royalties, certain gainsfrom the sale of stock and securities, and certain gains from commodities transactions. Active business gains arising from thesale of commodities generally are excluded from passive income if substantially all of a foreign corporation’s commoditiesare stock in trade or inventory, depreciable property used in a trade or business, or supplies regularly used or consumed in theordinary course of its trade or business, and certain other requirements are satisfied.

 

For purposes of the PFIC income testand PFIC asset test described above, if we own, directly or indirectly, 25% or more of the total value of the outstanding sharesof another corporation, we will be treated as if we (a) held a proportionate share of the assets of such other corporation and(b) received directly a proportionate share of the income of such other corporation. In addition, for purposes of the PFIC incometest and PFIC asset test described above, and assuming certain other requirements are met, “passive income” does notinclude certain interest, dividends, rents, or royalties that are received or accrued by us from certain “related persons”(as defined in Section 954(d)(3) of the Code) also organized in Canada, to the extent such items are properly allocable to theincome of such related person that is not passive income.

 

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Under certain attribution rules, ifwe are a PFIC, U.S. Holders will generally be deemed to own their proportionate share of our direct or indirect equity interestin any company that is also a PFIC (a “Subsidiary PFIC”), and will generally be subject to U.S. federal income taxon their proportionate share of (a) any “excess distributions,” as described below, on the stock of a Subsidiary PFICand (b) a disposition or deemed disposition of the stock of a Subsidiary PFIC by us or another Subsidiary PFIC, both as if suchU.S. Holders directly held the shares of such Subsidiary PFIC. In addition, U.S. Holders may be subject to U.S. federal incometax on any indirect gain realized on the stock of a Subsidiary PFIC on the sale or disposition of common shares. Accordingly, U.S.Holders should be aware that they could be subject to tax under the PFIC rules even if no distributions are received and no redemptionsor other dispositions of common shares are made.

 

Default PFIC Rules Under Section1291 of the Code

 

If we are a PFIC for any tax year duringwhich a U.S. Holder owns common shares, the U.S. federal income tax consequences to such U.S. Holder of the acquisition, ownership,and disposition of common shares will depend on whether and when such U.S. Holder makes an election to treat us and each SubsidiaryPFIC, if any, as a “qualified electing fund” or “QEF” under Section 1295 of the Code (a “QEF Election”)or makes a mark-to-market election under Section 1296 of the Code (a “Mark-to-Market Election”). A U.S. Holder thatdoes not make either a QEF Election or a Mark-to-Market Election will be referred to in this summary as a “Non-Electing U.S.Holder.”

 

A Non-Electing U.S. Holder will be subjectto the rules of Section 1291 of the Code (described below) with respect to: (a) any gain recognized on the sale or other taxabledisposition of common shares; and (b) any “excess distribution” received on the common shares. A distribution generallywill be an “excess distribution” to the extent that such distribution (together with all other distributions receivedin the current tax year) exceeds 125% of the average distributions received during the three preceding tax years (or during a U.S.Holder’s holding period for the common shares, if shorter).

 

Under Section 1291 of the Code, anygain recognized on the sale or other taxable disposition of common shares (including an indirect disposition of the stock of anySubsidiary PFIC ), and any “excess distribution” received on common shares or with respect to the stock of a SubsidiaryPFIC, must be ratably allocated to each day in a Non-Electing U.S. Holder’s holding period for the respective common shares.The amount of any such gain or excess distribution allocated to the tax year of disposition or distribution of the excess distributionand to years before the entity became a PFIC, if any, would be taxed as ordinary income (and not eligible for certain preferredrates). The amounts allocated to any other tax year would be subject to U.S. federal income tax at the highest tax rate applicableto ordinary income in each such year, and an interest charge would be imposed on the tax liability for each such year, calculatedas if such tax liability had been due in each such year. A Non-Electing U.S. Holder that is not a corporation must treat any suchinterest paid as “personal interest,” which is not deductible.

 

If we are a PFIC for any tax year duringwhich a Non-Electing U.S. Holder holds common shares, we will continue to be treated as a PFIC with respect to such Non-ElectingU.S. Holder, regardless of whether we cease to be a PFIC in one or more subsequent tax years. A Non-Electing U.S. Holder may terminatethis deemed PFIC status by electing to recognize gain (which will be taxed under the rules of Section 1291 of the Code discussedabove), but not loss, as if such common shares were sold on the last day of the last tax year for which we were a PFIC.

 

QEF Election

 

A U.S. Holder that makes a timelyand effective QEF Election for the first tax year in which the holding period of its common shares begins generally will notbe subject to the rules of Section 1291 of the Code discussed above with respect to its common shares. A U.S. Holder thatmakes a timely and effective QEF Election will be subject to U.S. federal income tax on such U.S. Holder’s pro ratashare of (a) our net capital gain, which will be taxed as long-term capital gain to such U.S. Holder, and (b) our ordinaryearnings, which will be taxed as ordinary income to such U.S. Holder. Generally, “net capital gain” is the excessof (a) net long-term capital gain over (b) net short-term capital loss, and “ordinary earnings” are the excess of(a) “earnings and profits” over (b) net capital gain. A U.S. Holder that makes a QEF Election will be subject toU.S. federal income tax on such amounts for each tax year in which we are a PFIC, regardless of whether such amounts areactually distributed to such U.S. Holder by us. However, for any tax year in which we are a PFIC and have no net income orgain , U.S. Holders that have made a QEF Election would not have any income inclusions as a result of the QEF Election. If aU.S. Holder that made a QEF Election has an income inclusion, such a U.S. Holder may, subject to certain limitations, electto defer payment of current U.S. federal income tax on such amounts, subject to an interest charge. If such U.S. Holder isnot a corporation, any such interest paid will be treated as “personal interest,” which is notdeductible.

 

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A U.S. Holder that makes a timely andeffective QEF Election with respect to us generally (a) may receive a tax-free distribution from us to the extent that such distributionrepresents our “earnings and profits” that were previously included in income by the U.S. Holder because of such QEFElection and (b) will adjust such U.S. Holder’s tax basis in the common shares to reflect the amount included in income orallowed as a tax-free distribution because of such QEF Election. In addition, a U.S. Holder that makes a QEF Election generallywill recognize capital gain or loss on the sale or other taxable disposition of common shares.

 

The procedure for making a QEF Election,and the U.S. federal income tax consequences of making a QEF Election, will depend on whether such QEF Election is timely. A QEFElection will be treated as “timely” if such QEF Election is made for the first year in the U.S. Holder’s holdingperiod for the common shares in which we are a PFIC. A U.S. Holder may make a timely QEF Election by filing the appropriate QEFElection documents at the time such U.S. Holder files a U.S. federal income tax return for such year. If a U.S. Holder does notmake a timely and effective QEF Election for the first year in the U.S. Holder’s holding period for the common shares, theU.S. Holder may still be able to make a timely and effective QEF Election in a subsequent year if such U.S. Holder meets certainrequirements and makes a “purging” election to recognize gain (which will be taxed under the rules of Section 1291of the Code discussed above) as if such common shares were sold for their fair market value on the day the QEF Election is effective.If a U.S. Holder makes a QEF Election but does not make a “purging” election to recognize gain as discussed in thepreceding sentence, then such U.S. Holder shall be subject to the QEF Election rules and shall continue to be subject to tax underthe rules of Section 1291 discussed above with respect to its common shares. If a U.S. Holder owns PFIC stock indirectly throughanother PFIC, separate QEF Elections must be made for the PFIC in which the U.S. Holder is a direct shareholder and the SubsidiaryPFIC for the QEF rules to apply to both PFICs.

 

A QEF Election will apply to the taxyear for which such QEF Election is timely made and to all subsequent tax years, unless such QEF Election is invalidated or terminatedor the IRS consents to revocation of such QEF Election. If a U.S. Holder makes a QEF Election and, in a subsequent tax year, wecease to be a PFIC, the QEF Election will remain in effect (although it will not be applicable) during those tax years in whichwe are not a PFIC. Accordingly, if we become a PFIC in another subsequent tax year, the QEF Election will be effective and theU.S. Holder will be subject to the QEF rules described above during any subsequent tax year in which we qualify as a PFIC.

 

U.S. Holders should be aware that therecan be no assurances that we will satisfy the record keeping requirements that apply to a QEF, or that we will supply U.S. Holderswith information that such U.S. Holders are required to report under the QEF rules, in the event that we are a PFIC. Thus, U.S.Holders may not be able to make a QEF Election with respect to their common shares. Each U.S. Holder should consult its own taxadvisors regarding the availability of, and procedure for making, a QEF Election.

 

A U.S. Holder makes a QEF Election byattaching a completed IRS Form 8621, including a PFIC Annual Information Statement, to a timely filed United States federal incometax return. However, if we do not provide the required information with regard to us or any of our Subsidiary PFICs, U.S. Holderswill not be able to make a QEF Election for such entity and will continue to be subject to the rules of Section 1291 of the Codediscussed above that apply to Non-Electing U.S. Holders with respect to the taxation of gains and excess distributions.

 

Mark-to-Market Election

 

A U.S. Holder may make a Mark-to-MarketElection only if the common shares are marketable stock. The common shares generally will be “marketable stock” ifthe common shares are regularly traded on (a) a national securities exchange that is registered with the SEC, (b) the nationalmarket system established pursuant to section 11A of the Exchange Act, or (c) a foreign securities exchange that is regulated orsupervised by a governmental authority of the country in which the market is located, provided that (i) such foreign exchange hastrading volume, listing, financial disclosure, and surveillance requirements, and meets other requirements and the laws of thecountry in which such foreign exchange is located, together with the rules of such foreign exchange, ensure that such requirementsare actually enforced and (ii) the rules of such foreign exchange effectively promote active trading of listed stocks. If suchstock is traded on such a qualified exchange or other market, such stock generally will be “regularly traded” for anycalendar year during which such stock is traded, other than in de minimis quantities, on at least 15 days during each calendarquarter. Each U.S. Holder should consult its own tax advisor in this matter.

 

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A U.S. Holder that makes a Mark-to-MarketElection with respect to its common shares generally will not be subject to the rules of Section 1291 of the Code discussed abovewith respect to such common shares. However, if a U.S. Holder does not make a Mark-to-Market Election beginning in the first taxyear of such U.S. Holder’s holding period for the common shares for which we are a PFIC and such U.S. Holder has not madea timely QEF Election, the rules of Section 1291 of the Code discussed above will apply to certain dispositions of, and distributionson, the common shares.

 

A U.S. Holder that makes a Mark-to-MarketElection will include in ordinary income, for each tax year in which we are a PFIC, an amount equal to the excess, if any, of (a)the fair market value of the common shares, as of the close of such tax year over (b) such U.S. Holder’s adjusted tax basisin such common shares. A U.S. Holder that makes a Mark-to-Market Election will be allowed a deduction in an amount equal to theexcess, if any, of (a) such U.S. Holder’s adjusted tax basis in the common shares, over (b) the fair market value of suchcommon shares (but only to the extent of the net amount of previously included income as a result of the Mark-to-Market Electionfor prior tax years).

 

A U.S. Holder that makes a Mark-to-MarketElection generally also will adjust such U.S. Holder’s tax basis in the common shares to reflect the amount included in grossincome or allowed as a deduction because of such Mark-to-Market Election. In addition, upon a sale or other taxable dispositionof common shares, a U.S. Holder that makes a Mark-to-Market Election will recognize ordinary income or ordinary loss (not to exceedthe excess, if any, of (a) the amount included in ordinary income because of such Mark-to-Market Election for prior tax years over(b) the amount allowed as a deduction because of such Mark-to-Market Election for prior tax years). Losses that exceed this limitationare subject to the rules generally applicable to losses provided in the Code and Treasury Regulations.

 

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A U.S. Holder makes a Mark-to-MarketElection by attaching a completed IRS Form 8621 to a timely filed United States federal income tax return. A Mark-to-Market Electionapplies to the tax year in which such Mark-to-Market Election is made and to each subsequent tax year, unless the common sharescease to be “marketable stock” or the IRS consents to revocation of such election. Each U.S. Holder should consultits own tax advisors regarding the availability of, and procedure for making, a Mark-to-Market Election.

 

Although a U.S. Holder may be eligibleto make a Mark-to-Market Election with respect to the common shares, no such election may be made with respect to the stock ofany Subsidiary PFIC that a U.S. Holder is treated as owning, because such stock is not marketable. Hence, the Mark-to-Market Electionwill not be effective to avoid the application of the default rules of Section 1291 of the Code described above with respect todeemed dispositions of Subsidiary PFIC stock or excess distributions from a Subsidiary PFIC to its shareholder.

 

Other PFIC Rules

 

Under Section 1291(f) of the Code, theIRS has issued proposed Treasury Regulations that, subject to certain exceptions, would cause a U.S. Holder that had not made atimely QEF Election to recognize gain (but not loss) upon certain transfers of common shares that would otherwise be tax-deferred(e.g., gifts and exchanges pursuant to corporate reorganizations). However, the specific U.S. federal income tax consequences toa U.S. Holder may vary based on the manner in which common shares are transferred.

 

Certain additional adverse rules mayapply with respect to a U.S. Holder if we are a PFIC, regardless of whether such U.S. Holder makes a QEF Election. For example,under Section 1298(b)(6) of the Code, a U.S. Holder that uses common shares as security for a loan will, except as may be providedin Treasury Regulations, be treated as having made a taxable disposition of such common shares.

 

In addition, a U.S. Holder who acquirescommon shares from a decedent will not receive a “step up” in tax basis of such common shares to fair market valueunless such decedent had a timely and effective QEF Election in place.

 

Special rules also apply to the amountof foreign tax credit that a U.S. Holder may claim on a distribution from a PFIC. Subject to such special rules, foreign taxespaid with respect to any distribution in respect of stock in a PFIC are generally eligible for the foreign tax credit. The rulesrelating to distributions by a PFIC and their eligibility for the foreign tax credit are complicated, and a U.S. Holder shouldconsult with its own tax advisors regarding the availability of the foreign tax credit with respect to distributions by a PFIC.

 

The PFIC rules are complex, and eachU.S. Holder should consult its own tax advisors regarding the PFIC rules and how the PFIC rules may affect the U.S. federal incometax consequences of the acquisition, ownership, and disposition of common shares.

 

Certain additional adverse rules mayapply with respect to a U.S. Holder if we are a PFIC, regardless of whether the U.S. Holder makes a QEF Election. These rules includespecial rules that apply to the amount of foreign tax credit that a U.S. Holder may claim on a distribution from a PFIC. Subjectto these special rules, foreign taxes paid with respect to any distribution in respect of stock in a PFIC are generally eligiblefor the foreign tax credit. U.S. Holders are urged to consult their own tax advisors regarding the potential application of thePFIC rules to the ownership and disposition of common shares, and the availability of certain U.S. tax elections under the PFICrules.

 

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General Rules Applicable to the Ownership and Disposition of Common Shares

 

The following discussion is subject,in its entirety, to the rules described above under the heading “Passive Foreign Investment Company Rules”.

 

Distributions on Common Shares

 

A U.S. Holder that receives a distribution,including a constructive distribution, with respect to a common share will be required to include the amount of such distributionin gross income as a dividend (without reduction for any Canadian income tax withheld from such distribution) to the extent ofour current or accumulated “earnings and profits”, as computed for U.S. federal income tax purposes. A dividend generallywill be taxed to a U.S. Holder at ordinary income tax rates if we are a PFIC for the tax year of such distribution or were a PFICfor the preceding tax year. To the extent that a distribution exceeds our current and accumulated “earnings and profits”,such distribution will be treated first as a tax-free return of capital to the extent of a U.S. Holder’s tax basis in thecommon shares and thereafter as gain from the sale or exchange of such common shares. (See “Sale or Other Taxable Dispositionof Common Shares” below). However, we do not intend to maintain the calculations of our earnings and profits in accordancewith U.S. federal income tax principles, and each U.S. Holder therefore should assume that any distribution by us with respectto common shares will constitute ordinary dividend income. Dividends received on common shares by corporate U.S. Holders generallywill not be eligible for the “dividends received deduction”. Subject to applicable limitations and provided we areeligible for the benefits of the Canada-U.S. Tax Treaty or the common shares are readily tradable on a United States securitiesmarket, dividends paid by us to non-corporate U.S. Holders, including individuals, in respect of common shares generally will beeligible for the preferential tax rates applicable to long-term capital gains for dividends, provided certain holding period andother conditions are satisfied, including that we not be classified as a PFIC in the tax year of distribution or in the precedingtax year. The dividend rules are complex, and each U.S. Holder should consult its own tax advisors regarding the application ofsuch rules.

 

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Sale or Other Taxable Dispositionof Common Shares

 

Upon the sale or other taxable dispositionof common shares, a U.S. Holder generally will recognize capital gain or loss in an amount equal to the difference between theU.S. dollar value of cash received plus the fair market value of any property received and such U.S. Holder’s tax basis insuch common shares sold or otherwise disposed of. A U.S. Holder’s tax basis in common shares generally will be such U.S.Holder’s U.S. dollar cost for such common shares. Gain or loss recognized on such sale or other disposition generally willbe long-term capital gain or loss if, at the time of the sale or other disposition, the common shares have been held for more thanone year.

 

Preferential tax rates currently applyto long-term capital gain of a U.S. Holder that is an individual, estate, or trust. There are currently no preferential tax ratesfor long-term capital gain of a U.S. Holder that is a corporation. Deductions for capital losses are subject to significant limitationsunder the Code.

 

Additional Considerations

 

Receipt of Foreign Currency

 

The amount of any distribution paidto a U.S. Holder in foreign currency, or on the sale, exchange or other taxable disposition of common shares generally will beequal to the U.S. dollar value of such foreign currency based on the exchange rate applicable on the date of receipt (regardlessof whether such foreign currency is converted into U.S. dollars at that time). A U.S. Holder will have a tax basis in the foreigncurrency equal to its U.S. dollar value on the date of receipt. Any U.S. Holder who converts or otherwise disposes of the foreigncurrency after the date of receipt may have a foreign currency exchange gain or loss that would be treated as ordinary income orloss, and generally will be U.S. source income or loss for foreign tax credit purposes. Different rules apply to U.S. Holders whouse the accrual method of tax accounting. Each U.S. Holder should consult its own U.S. tax advisors regarding the U.S. federalincome tax consequences of receiving, owning, and disposing of foreign currency.

 

Foreign Tax Credit

 

Dividends paid on the common shareswill be treated as foreign-source income, and generally will be treated as “passive category income” or “generalcategory income” for U.S. foreign tax credit purposes. Any gain or loss recognized on a sale or other disposition of commonshares generally will be United States source gain or loss. Certain U.S. Holders that are eligible for the benefits of Canada-U.S.Tax Treaty may elect to treat such gain or loss as Canadian source gain or loss for U.S. foreign tax credit purposes. The Codeapplies various complex limitations on the amount of foreign taxes that may be claimed as a credit by U.S. taxpayers. In addition,Treasury Regulations that apply to foreign taxes paid or accrued (the “Foreign Tax Credit Regulations”) impose additionalrequirements for Canadian withholding taxes to be eligible for a foreign tax credit, and there can be no assurance that those requirementswill be satisfied.

 

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Subject to the PFIC rules and the ForeignTax Credit Regulations, each as discussed above, a U.S. Holder that pays (whether directly or through withholding) Canadian incometax with respect to dividends paid on the common shares generally will be entitled, at the election of such U.S. Holder, to receiveeither a deduction or a credit for such Canadian income tax. Generally, a credit will reduce a U.S. Holder's U.S. federal incometax liability on a dollar-for-dollar basis, whereas a deduction will reduce a U.S. Holder's income that is subject to U.S. federalincome tax. This election is made on a year-by-year basis and applies to all foreign taxes paid (whether directly or through withholding)by a U.S. Holder during a year. The foreign tax credit rules are complex and involve the application of rules that depend on aU.S. Holder’s particular circumstances. Accordingly, each U.S. Holder should consult its own U.S. tax advisor regarding theforeign tax credit rules.

 

Backup Withholding and InformationReporting

 

Under U.S. federal income tax law andTreasury Regulations, certain categories of U.S. Holders must file information returns with respect to their investment in, orinvolvement in, a foreign corporation. For example, U.S. return disclosure obligations (and related penalties) are imposed on individualswho are U.S. Holders that hold certain specified foreign financial assets in excess of certain threshold amounts. The definitionof specified foreign financial assets includes not only financial accounts maintained in foreign financial institutions, but also,unless held in accounts maintained by a financial institution, any stock or security issued by a non-U.S. person, any financialinstrument or contract held for investment that has an issuer or counterparty other than a U.S. person and any interest in a non-U.S.entity. U.S. Holders may be subject to these reporting requirements unless their common shares are held in an account at certainfinancial institutions. Penalties for failure to file certain of these information returns are substantial. U.S. Holders shouldconsult their own tax advisors regarding the requirements of filing information returns, including the requirement to file an IRSForm 8938.

 

Payments made within the U.S. or bya U.S. payor or U.S. middleman, of dividends on, and proceeds arising from the sale or other taxable disposition of common shareswill generally be subject to information reporting and backup withholding tax if a U.S. Holder (a) fails to furnish such U.S. Holder’scorrect U.S. taxpayer identification number (generally on IRS Form W-9), (b) furnishes an incorrect U.S. taxpayer identificationnumber, (c) is notified by the IRS that such U.S. Holder has previously failed to properly report items subject to backup withholdingtax, or (d) fails to certify, under penalty of perjury, that such U.S. Holder has furnished its correct U.S. taxpayer identificationnumber and that the IRS has not notified such U.S. Holder that it is subject to backup withholding tax. However, certain exemptpersons generally are excluded from these information reporting and backup withholding rules. Backup withholding is not an additionaltax. Any amounts withheld under the U.S. backup withholding tax rules will be allowed as a credit against a U.S. Holder’sU.S. federal income tax liability, if any, or will be refunded, if such U.S. Holder furnishes required information to the IRS ina timely manner.

 

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The discussion of reporting requirementsset forth above is not intended to constitute a complete description of all reporting requirements that may apply to a U.S. Holder.A failure to satisfy certain reporting requirements may result in an extension of the time period during which the IRS can assessa tax, and under certain circumstances, such an extension may apply to assessments of amounts unrelated to any unsatisfied reportingrequirement. Each U.S. Holder should consult its own tax advisors regarding the information reporting and backup withholding rules.

 

THE ABOVE SUMMARY IS NOT INTENDEDTO CONSTITUTE A COMPLETE ANALYSIS OF ALL TAX CONSIDERATIONS APPLICABLE TO U.S. HOLDERS WITH RESPECT TO THE ACQUISITION, OWNERSHIPAND DISPOSITION OF COMMON SHARES. U.S. HOLDERS SHOULD CONSULT THEIR OWN TAX ADVISORS AS TO THE TAX CONSIDERATIONS APPLICABLE TOTHEM IN LIGHT OF THEIR OWN PARTICULAR CIRCUMSTANCES.

 

ENFORCEABILITYOF CIVIL LIABILITIES

 

Wewere incorporated under the laws of the Province of British Columbia, Canada. All of our directors and officers, as well as thecertain experts named in the “Experts” section of this prospectus, reside outside of the United States. Service ofprocess upon such persons may be difficult or impossible to effect within the United States. Furthermore, because a substantialportion of our assets, and substantially all the assets of our directors and officers and the Canadian experts named herein, arelocated outside of the United States, any judgment obtained in the United States, including a judgment based upon the civil liabilityprovisions of United States federal securities laws, against us or any of such persons may not be collectible within the UnitedStates. In addition, it may be difficult for an investor, or any other person or entity, to assert United States securities lawsclaims in original actions instituted in Canada. The Supreme Court of Canada has repeatedly affirmed that the requirements toenforce a foreign judgment are as follows:

 

  the judgment of the foreign court must be final and conclusive;
  the court granting the foreign judgment must have had jurisdiction over the parties and the cause of action;
  the action to enforce a foreign judgment must have been commenced within applicable limitation periods;
  the judgment is not contrary to the law, public policy, security or sovereignty of Canada and its enforcement is not incompatible with Canadian concepts of justice or contrary to the laws governing enforcement of judgments; and
  the judgment was not obtained by fraud and does not conflict with any other valid judgment in the same matter between the same parties;

 

Foreignjudgments enforced by Canadian courts generally will be payable in Canadian dollars. A Canadian court hearing an action to recoveran amount in a non-Canadian currency will render judgment for the equivalent amount in Canadian currency.

 

Ouragent for service of process in the United States is Cogency Global.

 

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UNDERWRITING

 

ThinkEquityLLC is the representative for the several underwriters of this offering, or the representative. We plan to enter into an underwritingagreement with the underwriters named below. Subject to the terms and conditions of the underwriting agreement, we have agreedto sell to the underwriters, and each underwriter has agreed, severally and not jointly, to purchase, at the public offering priceless the underwriting discounts set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, the number of common shares at the public offeringprice, less the underwriting discounts, as set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, the number of shares listed next toits name in the following table:

 

Underwriter   Number
of Shares
 
ThinkEquity LLC        
         
         
Total        

 

Theunderwriters are committed to purchase all common shares offered by us other than those covered by the over-allotment option describedbelow, if any are purchased. The obligations of the underwriters may be terminated upon the occurrence of certain events specifiedin the underwriting agreement. Furthermore, the underwriting agreement provides that the obligations of the underwriters to payfor and accept delivery of the common shares offered by us in this prospectus are subject to various representations and warrantiesand other customary conditions specified in the underwriting agreement, such as receipt by the representative of officers’certificates and legal opinions.

 

Wehave agreed to indemnify the underwriters against specified liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act, and tocontribute to payments the underwriters may be required to make in respect thereof.

 

Theunderwriters are offering the common shares subject to prior sale, when, as and if issued to and accepted by them, subject toapproval of legal matters by its counsel and other conditions specified in the underwriting agreement. The underwriters reservethe right to withdraw, cancel or modify offers to the public and to reject orders in whole or in part.

 

Wehave granted the underwriters an over-allotment option. This option, which is exercisable for up to 45 days after the date ofthe closing of this offering, permits the underwriters to purchase up to an aggregate of additional common shares (equal to 15%of the common shares sold in this offering) at the public offering price per share, less underwriting discounts, solely to coverover-allotments, if any. If the underwriters exercise this option in whole or in part, then the underwriters will be committed,subject to the conditions described in the underwriting agreement, to purchase the additional common shares in proportion to theirrespective commitments set forth in the prior table.

 

Discountsand Reimbursement

 

Therepresentative has advised us that the underwriters propose to offer the shares to the public at the public offering price pershare set forth on the cover page of this prospectus. The underwriters may offer shares to securities dealers at that price lessa concession of not more than $ per share of which up to $ per share may be reallowed to other dealers. After the initial offeringto the public, the public offering price and other selling terms may be changed by the representative.

 

Thefollowing table summarizes the underwriting discounts, non-accountable underwriters’ expense allowance and proceeds, beforeexpenses, to us assuming both no exercise and full exercise by the underwriters of their over-allotment option:

 

          Total  
    Per Share     Offering without Over-Allotment Option     Offering with
Over-Allotment Option
 
Public offering price   US$       US$       US$    
Underwriting discounts (7.15%)                        
Proceeds, before expenses, to us   US$       US$       US$    
Non-accountable expense allowance (1%)                        
                         

 

We have also agreed to pay certainof the representative’s expenses relating to the offering, including background checks of our directors and executive officers,the fees and expenses of the representative’s legal counsel, the Representative’s use of Ipreo’s book- building,prospectus tracking and compliance software for this offering, date services and communication expenses, and market making andtrading, and cleating firm settlement expenses, for a total amount that shall not exceed $50,000. We have paid an expense depositof $50,000 to the representative, which will be applied against the representative’s accountable out-of-pocket expenses(in compliance with FINRA Rule 5110(f)(2)(C)) that are payable by us in connection with this offering.

 

Wehave paid ThinkEquity LLC a non-refundable advisory fee equal to $50,000 for corporate consulting services provided to us in connectionwith the restructure of our capitalization, management negotiation, and identification of our director candidates.

 

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Weestimate that the total expenses of this offering payable by us, not including underwriting discounts and expenses, will be approximately$ .

 

Representative’sWarrants

 

Upon the closing of this offering, wehave agreed to issue to the representative warrants to purchase a number of common shares equal in the aggregate to 5% of the totalshares sold in this public offering (the “Representative’s Warrants”). The Representative’s Warrants willbe exercisable at a per share exercise price equal to 125% of the public offering price per share sold in this offering. The Representative’sWarrants are exercisable at any time and from time to time, in whole or in part, during the four-and-½-year period commencingsix months after the date of commencement of sales of this offering. The Representative’s Warrants also provide for one demandregistration right of the shares underlying the Representative’s Warrants, and unlimited “piggyback” registrationrights with respect to the registration of the shares of common stock underlying the Representative’s Warrants and customaryantidilution provisions. The demand registration right provided will not be greater than five years from the effective date ofthe registration statement, of which the prospectus forms a part, in compliance with FINRA Rule 5110(g)(8)(C). The piggyback registrationright provided will not be greater than seven years from the effective date of the registration statement, of which the prospectusforms a part, related to this offering in compliance with FINRA Rule 5110(g)(8)(D).

 

TheRepresentative’s Warrants and the shares of common stock underlying the Representative’s Warrants have been deemedcompensation by the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, or FINRA, and are therefore subject to a 180-day lock-up pursuantto Rule 5110(e)(1) of FINRA. The representative, or permitted assignees under such rule, may not sell, transfer, assign, pledge,or hypothecate the Representative’s Warrants or the securities underlying the Representative’s Warrants, nor willthe representative engage in any hedging, short sale, derivative, put, or call transaction that would result in the effectiveeconomic disposition of the Representative’s Warrants or the underlying shares for a period of 180 days beginning on thedate of commencement of sales of this offering. Additionally, the Representative’s Warrants may not be sold transferred,assigned, pledged or hypothecated for a 180-day period beginning on the date of commencement of sales of this offering exceptto any underwriter and selected dealer participating in the offering and their bona fide officers or partners. The Representative’sWarrants will provide for adjustment in the number and price of the Representative’s Warrants and the shares of common stockunderlying such Representative’s Warrants in the event of recapitalization, merger, stock split or other structural transaction,or a future financing undertaken by us.

 

Rightof First Refusal

 

Until eighteen (18) months from the closing of thisoffering, the representative shall have an irrevocable right of first refusal to act as sole investment banker, sole book-runner, solefinancial advisor, sole underwriter and/or sole placement agent, at the representative’s sole discretion, for each and every futurepublic and private equity offerings for our company, or any successor to or any subsidiary of our company, including all equity linkedfinancings, on terms customary to the representative. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if this offering raises gross proceeds of less than$8 million, then beginning on the six-month anniversary of the closing date of this offering, the right of first refusal not apply toflow-through offerings conducted exclusively in Canada at a price per share exceeding 120% of the then-applicable market price of thecommon shares, up to an aggregate of $5 million. The representative shall have the sole right to determine whether or not any other broker-dealershall have the right to participate in any such offering and the economic terms of any such participation.

 

Lock-UpAgreements

 

Weagreed that for a period of three (3) months after the closing of this offering we will not, without the prior written consentof the representative and subject to certain exceptions, directly or indirectly:

 

  offer, pledge, sell, contract to sell, sell any option or contract to purchase, purchase any option or contract to sell, grant any option, right or warrant to purchase, lend, or otherwise transfer or dispose of, directly or indirectly, any common shares or any securities convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for common shares;
  file or caused to be filed any registration statement with SEC relating to the offering of any common shares or any securities convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for common shares;
  complete any offering of our debt securities, other than entering into a line of credit with a traditional bank; or
  enter into any swap or other arrangement that transfers to another, in whole or in part, any of the economic consequences of ownership of our common shares, whether any such transaction is to be settled by delivery of common shares or such other securities, in cash or otherwise.

 

Additionally,we agreed that for a period of 18 months after the closing of this offering we will not directly or indirectly in any “at-the-market”,continuous equity or variable rate transaction, offer to sell, sell, contract to sell, grant any option to sell or otherwise disposeof shares of capital stock of the company or any securities convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for shares of capitalstock of the company, without the prior written consent of the representative.

 

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Inaddition, each of our directors and officers and any other 5% or greater holder of outstanding shares of Common Stock as of thedate of this prospectus have agreed, for a period of six (6) months from the date of this prospectus with respect to directorsand officers, and three (3) months from the date of this prospectus for 5% or greater holder shareholders, that without the priorwritten consent of the representative and subject to certain exceptions, they will not directly or indirectly:

 

  offer, pledge, sell, contract to sell, grant, lend, or otherwise transfer or dispose of, directly or indirectly, any of our common shares or any securities convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for common shares;
  enter into any swap or other arrangement that transfers to another, in whole or in part, any of the economic consequences of ownership of our common shares or any securities convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for common shares, whether any such transaction is to be settled by delivery of common shares or such other securities, in cash or otherwise;
  make any demand for or exercise any right with respect to the registration of any common shares or any securities convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for common shares; or
  publicly disclose the intention to make any offer, sale, pledge or disposition, or to enter into any transaction, swap, hedge or other arrangement relating to any common shares or any securities convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for common shares.

 

ElectronicOffer, Sale and Distribution of Securities

 

Aprospectus in electronic format may be made available on the websites maintained by the underwriters or selling group members.The underwriters may agree to allocate a number of securities to selling group members for sale to its online brokerage accountholders. Internet distributions will be allocated by the underwriters and selling group members that will make internet distributionson the same basis as other allocations. Other than the prospectus in electronic format, the information on these websites is notpart of, nor incorporated by reference into, this prospectus or the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part,has not been approved or endorsed by us, and should not be relied upon by investors.

 

Stabilization

 

Inconnection with this offering, the underwriters may engage in stabilizing transactions, over-allotment transactions, syndicate-coveringtransactions, penalty bids and purchases to cover positions created by short sales.

 

Stabilizingtransactions permit bids to purchase shares so long as the stabilizing bids do not exceed a specified maximum, and are engagedin for the purpose of preventing or retarding a decline in the market price of the shares while this offering is in progress.

 

Over-allotmenttransactions involve sales by the underwriters of common shares in excess of the number of common shares the underwriters areobligated to purchase. This creates a syndicate short position which may be either a covered short position or a naked short position.In a covered short position, the number of common shares over-allotted by the underwriters are not greater than the number ofcommon shares that they may purchase in the over-allotment option. In a naked short position, the number of common shares involvedis greater than the number of common shares in the over-allotment option. The underwriters may close out any short position byexercising their over-allotment option and/or purchasing common shares in the open market.

 

Syndicatecovering transactions involve purchases of common shares in the open market after the distribution has been completed in orderto cover syndicate short positions. In determining the source of common shares to close out the short position, the underwriterswill consider, among other things, the price of common shares available for purchase in the open market as compared with the priceat which it may purchase common shares through exercise of the over-allotment option. If the underwriters sell more common sharesthan could be covered by exercise of the over-allotment option and, therefore, have a naked short position, the position can beclosed out only by buying common shares in the open market. A naked short position is more likely to be created if the underwritersare concerned that after pricing there could be downward pressure on the price of the common shares in the open market that couldadversely affect investors who purchase in this offering.

 

Penaltybids permit an underwriter to reclaim a selling concession from a syndicate member when the common shares originally sold by thatsyndicate member are purchased in stabilizing or syndicate covering transactions to cover syndicate short positions.

 

Thesestabilizing transactions, syndicate covering transactions and penalty bids may have the effect of raising or maintaining the marketprice of our common shares or preventing or retarding a decline in the market price of our common shares. As a result, the priceof our common shares in the open market may be higher than it would otherwise be in the absence of these transactions. Neitherwe nor the underwriters make any representation or prediction as to the effect that the transactions described above may haveon the price of our common shares. These transactions may be effected in the over-the-counter market or otherwise and, if commenced,may be discontinued at any time.

 

PassiveMarket Making

 

Inconnection with this offering, underwriters and selling group members may engage in passive market making transactions in ourcommon shares on Nasdaq in accordance with Rule 103 of Regulation M under the Exchange Act, during a period before the commencementof offers or sales of the securities and extending through the completion of the distribution. A passive market maker must displayits bid at a price not in excess of the highest independent bid of that security. However, if all independent bids are loweredbelow the passive market maker’s bid, then that bid must then be lowered when specified purchase limits are exceeded.

 

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OtherRelationships

 

Theunderwriters and their affiliates may in the future provide various investment banking, commercial banking and other financialservices for us and our affiliates for which they may in the future receive customary fees.

 

OfferRestrictions Outside The United States

 

Otherthan in the United States, no action has been taken by us or the underwriters that would permit a public offering of the securitiesoffered by this prospectus in any jurisdiction where action for that purpose is required. The securities offered by this prospectusmay not be offered or sold, directly or indirectly, nor may this prospectus or any other offering material or advertisements inconnection with the offer and sale of any such securities be distributed or published in any jurisdiction, except under circumstancesthat will result in compliance with the applicable rules and regulations of that jurisdiction. Persons into whose possession thisprospectus comes are advised to inform themselves about and to observe any restrictions relating to this offering and the distributionof this prospectus. This prospectus does not constitute an offer to sell or a solicitation of an offer to buy any securities offeredby this prospectus in any jurisdiction in which such an offer or a solicitation is unlawful.

 

Australia

 

Thisprospectus is not a disclosure document under Chapter 6D of the Australian Corporations Act, has not been lodged with the AustralianSecurities and Investments Commission and does not purport to include the information required of a disclosure document underChapter 6D of the Australian Corporations Act. Accordingly, (i) the offer of the securities under this prospectus is only madeto persons to whom it is lawful to offer the securities without disclosure under Chapter 6D of the Australian Corporations Actunder one or more exemptions set out in section 708 of the Australian Corporations Act, (ii) this prospectus is made availablein Australia only to those persons as set forth in clause (i) above, and (iii) the offeree must be sent a notice stating in substancethat by accepting this offer, the offeree represents that the offeree is such a person as set forth in clause (i) above, and,unless permitted under the Australian Corporations Act, agrees not to sell or offer for sale within Australia any of the securitiessold to the offeree within 12 months after its transfer to the offeree under this prospectus.

 

China

 

Theinformation in this document does not constitute a public offer of the securities, whether by way of sale or subscription, inthe People’s Republic of China (excluding, for purposes of this paragraph, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, MacauSpecial Administrative Region and Taiwan). The securities may not be offered or sold directly or indirectly in the PRC to legalor natural persons other than directly to “qualified domestic institutional investors.”

 

EuropeanEconomic Area — Belgium, Germany, Luxembourg and Netherlands

 

Theinformation in this document has been prepared on the basis that no offers of securities will be in member states (“MemberState”) of the European Economic Area (the “EEA”) other than:

 

  to legal entities that are qualified investors as defined in the Prospectus Regulation;
  to fewer than 150 natural or legal persons (other than qualified investors within the meaning of the Prospectus Regulation) subject to obtaining the prior consent of our company or any underwriter for any such offer; or
  in any other circumstances falling within Article 1(4) of the Prospectus Regulation, provided that no such offer of securities shall result in a requirement for the publication by us of a prospectus pursuant to Article 3 of the Prospectus Directive.

 

Thisprospectus has been prepared on the basis that any offer of common shares in any Member State of the EEA will be made pursuantto an exemption under the Prospectus Regulation from the requirement to publish a prospectus for offers of shares. Accordinglyany person making or intending to make an offer in that Member State of shares of our common stock which are the subject of theoffering contemplated in this prospectus supplement may only do so in circumstances in which no obligation arises for the Companyor any of the Representatives to publish a prospectus pursuant to Article 3 of the Prospectus Regulation or supplement a prospectuspursuant to Article 23 of the Prospectus Regulation, in each case, in relation to such offer. Neither the Company nor the Representativeshave authorized, nor do they authorize, the making of any offer of shares of our common stock in circumstances in which an obligationarises for the Company or the Representatives to publish a prospectus for such offer.

 

Forthe purposes of this provision, the expression an “offer of shares of our common stock to the public” in relationto any common shares in any Member State means the communication in any form and by any means of sufficient information on theterms of the offer and the common shares to be offered so as to enable an investor to decide to purchase or subscribe the commonshares, as the same may be varied in that Member State by any measure implementing the Prospectus Regulation in that Member State,the expression “Prospectus Regulation” means Regulation (EU) 2017/1129.

 

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Theabove selling restriction is in addition to any other selling restrictions set out below.

 

Noticeto Prospective Investors in the United Kingdom

 

Neitherthe information in this document nor any other document relating to the offer has been delivered for approval to the FinancialServices Authority in the United Kingdom and no prospectus (within the meaning of section 85 of the Financial Services and MarketsAct 2000, as amended (“FSMA”)) has been published or is intended to be published in respect of the securities. Thisdocument is issued on a confidential basis to “qualified investors” (within the meaning of section 86(7) of FSMA)in the United Kingdom, and the securities may not be offered or sold in the United Kingdom by means of this document, any accompanyingletter or any other document, except in circumstances which do not require the publication of a prospectus pursuant to section86(1) FSMA. This document should not be distributed, published or reproduced, in whole or in part, nor may its contents be disclosedby recipients to any other person in the United Kingdom.

 

Anyinvitation or inducement to engage in investment activity (within the meaning of section 21 of FSMA) received in connection withthe issue or sale of the securities has only been communicated or caused to be communicated and will only be communicated or causedto be communicated in the United Kingdom in circumstances in which section 21(1) of FSMA does not apply to our Company.

 

Inthe United Kingdom, this document is being distributed only to, and is directed at, persons (i) who have professional experiencein matters relating to investments falling within Article 19(5) (investment professionals) of the Financial Services and MarketsAct 2000 (Financial Promotions) Order 2005 (“FPO”), (ii) who fall within the categories of persons referred to inArticle 49(2)(a) to (d) (high net worth companies, unincorporated associations, etc.) of the FPO or (iii) to whom it may otherwisebe lawfully communicated (together “relevant persons”). The investments to which this document relates are availableonly to, and any invitation, offer or agreement to purchase will be engaged in only with, relevant persons. Any person who isnot a relevant person should not act or rely on this document or any of its contents.

 

France

 

Thisdocument is not being distributed in the context of a public offering of financial securities (offre au public de titres financiers)in France within the meaning of Article L.411-1 of the French Monetary and Financial Code (Code monétaire et financier)and Articles 211-1 et seq. of the General Regulation of the French Autorité des marchés financiers, or AMF. Thesecurities have not been offered or sold and will not be offered or sold, directly or indirectly, to the public in France.

 

Thisdocument and any other offering material relating to the securities have not been, and will not be, submitted to the AMF for approvalin France and, accordingly, may not be distributed or caused to distributed, directly or indirectly, to the public in France.

 

Suchoffers, sales and distributions have been and shall only be made in France to (i) qualified investors (investisseurs qualifiés)acting for their own account, as defined in and in accordance with Articles L.411-2-II-2° and D.411-1 to D.411-3, D. 744-1,D.754-1 and D.764-1 of the French Monetary and Financial Code and any implementing regulation and/or (ii) a restricted numberof non-qualified investors (cercle restreint d’investisseurs) acting for their own account, as defined in and in accordancewith Articles L.411-2-II-2° and D.411-4, D.744-1, D.754-1 and D.764-1 of the French Monetary and Financial Code and any implementingregulation.

 

Pursuantto Article 211-3 of the General Regulation of the AMF, investors in France are informed that the securities cannot be distributed(directly or indirectly) to the public by the investors otherwise than in accordance with Articles L.411-1, L.411-2, L.412-1 andL.621-8 to L.621-8-3 of the French Monetary and Financial Code.

 

Ireland

 

Theinformation in this document does not constitute a prospectus under any Irish laws or regulations and this document has not beenfiled with or approved by any Irish regulatory authority as the information has not been prepared in the context of a public offeringof securities in Ireland within the meaning of the Irish Prospectus (Directive 2003/71/EC) Regulations 2005, or the ProspectusRegulations. The securities have not been offered or sold, and will not be offered, sold or delivered directly or indirectly inIreland by way of a public offering, except to (i) qualified investors as defined in Regulation 2(l) of the Prospectus Regulationsand (ii) fewer than 100 natural or legal persons who are not qualified investors.

 

Israel

 

Thesecurities offered by this prospectus have not been approved or disapproved by the Israeli Securities Authority, or the ISA, norhave such securities been registered for sale in Israel. The shares may not be offered or sold, directly or indirectly, to thepublic in Israel, absent the publication of a prospectus. The ISA has not issued permits, approvals or licenses in connectionwith this offering or publishing the prospectus; nor has it authenticated the details included herein, confirmed their reliabilityor completeness, or rendered an opinion as to the quality of the securities being offered. Any resale in Israel, directly or indirectly,to the public of the securities offered by this prospectus is subject to restrictions on transferability and must be effectedonly in compliance with the Israeli securities laws and regulations.

 

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Italy

 

Theoffering of the securities in the Republic of Italy has not been authorized by the Italian Securities and Exchange Commission(Commissione Nazionale per le Società e la Borsa), or CONSOB, pursuant to the Italian securities legislation and, accordingly,no offering material relating to the securities may be distributed in Italy and such securities may not be offered or sold inItaly, other than:

 

  to Italian qualified investors, or Qualified Investors, as defined in Article 100 of Decree no.58 by reference to Article 34-ter of CONSOB Regulation no. 11971 of 14 May 1999, or Regulation no. 1197l, as amended; and
  in other circumstances that are exempt from the rules on public offer pursuant to Article 100 of Decree No. 58 and Article 34-ter of Regulation No. 11971 as amended.

 

Anyoffer, sale or delivery of the securities or distribution of any offer document relating to the securities in Italy (excludingplacements where a Qualified Investor solicits an offer from the issuer) under the paragraphs above must be:

 

  made by investment firms, banks or financial intermediaries permitted to conduct such activities in Italy in accordance with Legislative Decree No. 385 of 1 September 1993 (as amended), Decree No.58, CONSOB Regulation No. 16190 of 29 October 2007 and any other applicable laws; and
  in compliance with all relevant Italian securities, tax and exchange controls and any other applicable laws.

 

Anysubsequent distribution of the securities in Italy must be made in compliance with the public offer and prospectus requirementrules provided under Decree No. 58 and the Regulation No. 11971 as amended, unless an exception from those rules applies. Failureto comply with such rules may result in the sale of such securities being declared null and void and in the liability of the entitytransferring the securities for any damages suffered by the investors.

 

Japan

 

Thesecurities have not been and will not be registered under Article 4, paragraph 1 of the Financial Instruments and Exchange Lawof Japan (Law No. 25 of 1948), as amended, or the FIEL, pursuant to an exemption from the registration requirements applicableto a private placement of securities to Qualified Institutional Investors (as defined in and in accordance with Article2, paragraph3 of the FIEL and the regulations promulgated thereunder). Accordingly, the securities may not be offered or sold, directly orindirectly, in Japan or to, or for the benefit of, any resident of Japan other than Qualified Institutional Investors. Any QualifiedInstitutional Investor who acquires securities may not resell them to any person in Japan that is not a Qualified InstitutionalInvestor, and acquisition by any such person of securities is conditional upon the execution of an agreement to that effect.

 

Portugal

 

Thisdocument is not being distributed in the context of a public offer of financial securities (oferta pública de valores mobiliários)in Portugal, within the meaning of Article 109 of the Portuguese Securities Code (Código dos Valores Mobiliários).The securities have not been offered or sold and will not be offered or sold, directly or indirectly, to the public in Portugal.This document and any other offering material relating to the securities have not been, and will not be, submitted to the PortugueseSecurities Market Commission (Comissăo do Mercado de Valores Mobiliários) for approval in Portugal and, accordingly,may not be distributed or caused to distributed, directly or indirectly, to the public in Portugal, other than under circumstancesthat are deemed not to qualify as a public offer under the Portuguese Securities Code. Such offers, sales and distributions ofsecurities in Portugal are limited to persons who are “qualified investors” (as defined in the Portuguese SecuritiesCode). Only such investors may receive this document and they may not distribute it or the information contained in it to anyother person.

 

Sweden

 

Thisdocument has not been, and will not be, registered with or approved by Finansinspektionen (the Swedish Financial Supervisory Authority).Accordingly, this document may not be made available, nor may the securities be offered for sale in Sweden, other than under circumstancesthat are deemed not to require a prospectus under the Swedish Financial Instruments Trading Act (1991:980) (Sw. lag (1991:980)om handel med finansiella instrument). Any offering of securities in Sweden is limited to persons who are “qualified investors”(as defined in the Financial Instruments Trading Act). Only such investors may receive this document and they may not distributeit or the information contained in it to any other person.

 

Switzerland

 

Thesecurities may not be publicly offered in Switzerland and will not be listed on the SIX Swiss Exchange, or SIX, or on any otherstock exchange or regulated trading facility in Switzerland. This document has been prepared without regard to the disclosurestandards for issuance prospectuses under art. 652a or art. 1156 of the Swiss Code of Obligations or the disclosure standardsfor listing prospectuses under art. 27 ff. of the SIX Listing Rules or the listing rules of any other stock exchange or regulatedtrading facility in Switzerland. Neither this document nor any other offering material relating to the securities may be publiclydistributed or otherwise made publicly available in Switzerland.

 

140

 

 

Neitherthis document nor any other offering material relating to the securities have been or will be filed with or approved by any Swissregulatory authority. In particular, this document will not be filed with, and the offer of securities will not be supervisedby, the Swiss Financial Market Supervisory Authority.

 

Thisdocument is personal to the recipient only and not for general circulation in Switzerland.

 

UnitedArab Emirates

 

Neitherthis document nor the securities have been approved, disapproved or passed on in any way by the Central Bank of the United ArabEmirates or any other governmental authority in the United Arab Emirates, nor have we received authorization or licensing fromthe Central Bank of the United Arab Emirates or any other governmental authority in the United Arab Emirates to market or sellthe securities within the United Arab Emirates. This document does not constitute and may not be used for the purpose of an offeror invitation. No services relating to the securities, including the receipt of applications and/or the allotment or redemptionof such shares, may be rendered within the United Arab Emirates by us.

 

Nooffer or invitation to subscribe for securities is valid or permitted in the Dubai International Financial Centre.

 

Canada

 

Thesecurities may be sold in Canada only to purchasers, purchasing, or deemed to be purchasing, as principal, that are accreditedinvestors, as defined in National Instrument 45-106 Prospectus Exemptions or are otherwise qualified under an applicableprospectus exemption available under applicable Canadian securities laws. Any resale of the securities must be made in accordancewith an exemption from, or in a transaction not subject to, the prospectus requirements of applicable Canadian securities laws.Canadian purchasers should refer to any applicable provisions of the securities legislation of their province or territory forparticulars of these rights or consult with a legal advisor.

 

141

 

 

EXPENSESRELATED TO THIS OFFERING

 

Setforth below is an itemization of our total expenses, excluding underwriting discounts and non-accountable expense allowance, whichare expected to be incurred in connection with the offer and sale of the common shares by us. With the exception of the SEC registrationfee, the FINRA filing fee and the Nasdaq listing fee, all amounts are estimates.

 

    Amount  
SEC registration fee   US$    
FINRA filing fee        
Nasdaq listing fee        
Accounting fees and expenses        
Legal fees and expenses        
Transfer agent fees and expenses        
Printing fees and expenses        
Miscellaneous        
TOTAL   US$    

 

LEGALMATTERS

 

Certainlegal matters as to the United States federal and New York law in connection with this offering will be passed upon for us byDorsey & Whitney LLP. Certain legal matters as to the United States federal and New York law in connection with this offeringwill be passed upon for the underwriters by Hunter Taubman Fischer & Li LLC. The validity of the common shares offered inthis offering and certain other legal matters as to Canadian law will be passed upon for us by Farris LLP.

 

EXPERTS

 

Our consolidated financialstatements as of March 31, 2022 and 2021 and for the periods then ended included in this prospectus have been audited by CroweMacKay LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their report appearing herein. Such consolidated financialstatements are included in reliance upon the report of such firm given upon their authority as experts in accounting and auditing.

 

Theoffices of Crowe MacKay LLP are located at 1100-1177 West Hastings St., Vancouver, BC V6E 4T5.

 

WHEREYOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION

 

Wehave filed with the SEC a registration statement on Form F-1, including relevant exhibits and schedules, under the SecuritiesAct with respect to the common shares to be sold in this offering. This prospectus, which constitutes a part of the registrationstatement, does not contain all the information contained in the registration statement. You should read the registration statementon Form F-1 and its exhibits and schedules for further information with respect to us and the common shares.

 

Immediatelyupon completion of this offering, we will become subject to periodic reporting and other informational requirements of the ExchangeAct as applicable to foreign private issuers. Accordingly, we will be required to file reports, including annual reports on Form20-F, and other information with the SEC. The SEC maintains a website that contains reports, proxy and information statementsand other information regarding registrants that file electronically with the SEC. The address of the website is www.sec.gov.Additionally, we will make these filings available, free of charge, on our website at https://foremostlithium.com as soon as reasonablypracticable after we electronically file such materials with, or furnish them to, the SEC. The information on our website, otherthan these filings, is not, and should not be, considered part of this prospectus and is not incorporated by reference into thisdocument.

 

Asa foreign private issuer, we are exempt from the rules of the Exchange Act prescribing the furnishing and content of proxy statementsto shareholders, and our executive officers, directors and principal shareholders are exempt from the reporting and short-swingprofit recovery provisions contained in Section 16 of the Exchange Act. In addition, we will not be required under the ExchangeAct to file periodic reports and financial statements with the SEC as frequently or as promptly as U.S. companies whose securitiesare registered under the Exchange Act.

 

142

 

 

INDEX TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
  Page
Audited Financial Statements as of March 31, 2022 and for the Year Ended March 31, 2022  
Report of independent registered public accounting firm F-2
Consolidated Statements of Financial Position F-5
Consolidated Statements of Loss and Comprehensive Loss F-6
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows F-7
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity F-8
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements F-9
   
Unaudited Financial Statements as of December 31, 2022, and for the Nine Months Ended December 31, 2022  
Consolidated Statements of Financial Position F-39
Consolidated Statements of Loss and Comprehensive Loss F-40
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows F-41
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity F-42
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements F-43
   

 

 

 

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

FOREMOST LITHIUMRESOURCE & TECHNOLOGY LTD.
(FORMERLY FAR RESOURCES LTD.)

 

CONSOLIDATED FINANCIALSTATEMENTS

 

(Expressed in Canadiandollars)

 

March 31, 2022

 

F-1

 

 

Crowe MacKay LLP

 

1100 - 1177 West Hastings Street
Vancouver, BC V6E 4T5

 

Main +1 (604) 687-4511

Fax    +1 (604) 687-5805

 

www.crowemackay.ca

 

Report of Independent RegisteredPublic Accounting Firm

 

To the Shareholders and the Board of Directorsof Foremost Lithium Resource & Technologies Ltd. (Formerly Far Resources Ltd.)

 

Opinion on the Consolidated Financial Statements

 

We have audited the accompanying consolidatedstatements of financial position of Foremost Lithium Resource & Technology Ltd. and subsidiaries (Formerly Far Resources Ltd.)(the “Company”) as of March 31, 2022 and 2021, the related consolidated statements of loss and comprehensive loss andcash flows and shareholders’ equity for the years then ended, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the “ConsolidatedFinancial Statements”).

 

In our opinion, the Consolidated Financial Statementspresent fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of the Company as of March 31, 2022 and 2021, andthe results of its operations and its cash flows for the years then ended, in conformity with International Financial ReportingStandards as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board.

 

Emphasis of Matter Regarding Going Uncertainty

 

We draw attention to Note 1 to the ConsolidatedFinancial Statements which describes the material uncertainty that may cast significant doubt on the Company’s ability to continueas a going concern. Our opinion is not modified in respect of this matter.

 

F-2

 

 

Basis for Opinion

 

These Consolidated Financial Statements arethe responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these Consolidated FinancialStatements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (UnitedStates) (“PCAOB”) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federalsecurities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

 

We conducted our audits in accordance with thestandards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whetherthe Consolidated Financial Statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. The Company is not requiredto have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. As part of our audits, we arerequired to obtain an understanding of internal control over financial reporting but not for the purpose of expressing an opinionon the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion.

 

F-3

 

 

Basis of Opinion (continued)

 

Our audits included performing procedures toassess the risks of material misstatement of the Consolidated Financial Statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performingprocedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts anddisclosures in the Consolidated Financial Statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significantestimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the Consolidated Financial Statements. We believethat our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

 

/s/ Crowe MacKay LLP

 

Chartered Professional Accountants

Vancouver, Canada

August 2, 2022

 

We have served as the Company’s auditorsince 2011.

 

F-4

 

 

FOREMOST LITHIUM RESOURCE & TECHNOLOGYLTD. (FORMERLY FAR RESOURCES LTD.)

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF FINANCIALPOSITION

(Expressed in Canadian dollars)

AS AT MARCH 31,

 

 

   Note    2022    2021
(as restated –
Note 17)
 
             
ASSETS                
                
Current assets                
Cash        $ 235,455    $ 392,213  
GST receivable          85,891      42,909  
Prepaid expenses and deposits          55,948      32,028  
Net investment in sublease     5      56,823      49,412  
                
Total current assets          434,117      516,562  
                
Non-current assets                
Prepaid expenses and deposits          253,302      48,000  
Long-term investment     4      8,000      8,000  
Exploration and evaluation assets     6      7,191,122      6,263,652  
Net investment in sublease     5      31,537      88,360  
                
Total assets        $ 7,918,078    $ 6,924,574  
                
LIABILITIES AND EQUITY                
                
Current liabilities                
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities     7, 11    $ 1,032,492    $ 977,347  
Short-term loans payable     8      7,500      7,500  
Lease obligation     5      61,954      53,878  
                
Total current liabilities          1,101,946      1,038,725  
                
Long-term loans payable     9      40,000      40,000  
Lease obligation – long-term     5      34,386      96,340  
                
Total liabilities          1,176,332      1,175,065  
                
Equity                
Capital stock     10      24,164,441      20,169,728  
Subscriptions received          -      40,000  
Reserves     10      2,294,394      1,140,567  
Deficit          (19,717,089 )     (15,600,786 )
                
Total equity          6,741,746      5,749,509  
                
Total liabilities and equity        $ 7,918,078    $ 6,924,574  

 

Nature and continuance of operations(Note 1)

Contingencies (Note 16)

Subsequent events (Note 18)

 

The accompanying notes are anintegral part of these consolidated financial statements.

 

F-5

 

FOREMOST LITHIUM RESOURCE & TECHNOLOGYLTD. (FORMERLY FAR RESOURCES LTD.)

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF LOSS AND COMPREHENSIVELOSS

(Expressed in Canadian dollars)

FOR THE YEAR ENDED MARCH 31,

 

 

   Note   2022   2021 
             
EXPENSES              
Consulting      $219,743   $115,905 
Investor relations       267,376    240,486 
Management fees  11    375,264    73,000 
Office and interest expense       146,159    202,175 
Professional fees       443,264    178,630 
Share-based payments  10,11    2,482,219    1,782,851 
Transfer agent and filing fees       85,914    34,596 
Travel       53,806     
               
Loss before other items       (4,073,745)   (2,627,643)
               
OTHER ITEMS              
Finance income on sublease  5    16,290    22,735 
Foreign exchange gain (loss)       (5,734)   261 
Forgiveness of debt       (93,658)    
Gain on sublease  5    5,925    4,295 
Loss on lease amendment  5        (8,956)
Unrealized loss on marketable securities  4        (3,000)
               
Loss and comprehensive loss for the year      $(4,150,922)  $(2,612,308)
               
Basic and diluted loss per common share      $(0.03)  $(0.02)
               
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding       163,831,333    139,875,639 

 

The accompanying notes are anintegral part of these consolidated financial statements.

 

F-6

 

 

FOREMOST LITHIUM RESOURCE & TECHNOLOGYLTD. (FORMERLY FAR RESOURCES LTD.)

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(Expressed in Canadian dollars)

FOR THE YEAR ENDED MARCH 31,

 

 

   2022   2021 
         
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES          
Loss for the year  $(4,150,922)  $(2,612,308)
Items not involving cash:          
Share-based payments   2,482,219    1,782,851 
Interest expense   17,749    24,554 
Finance income on sublease   (16,290)   (22,735)
Forgiveness of debt   93,658     
Loss on lease amendment       8,956 
Unrealized loss on marketable securities       3,000 
Shares for services   42,933     
           
Changes in non-cash working capital items:          
GST receivable   (42,982)   (26,419)
Prepaid expenses and deposits   (229,222)   10,521 
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities   400,388    28,658 
Net cash used in operating activities   (1,402,469)   (802,922)
           
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES          
Exploration and evaluation acquisition costs   (220,029)   (162,848)
Exploration and evaluation expenditures   (871,379)   (151,113)
Exploration and evaluation recoveries   200,000     
Net cash used in investing activities   (891,408)   (313,961)
           
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES          
Private placements   592,365    467,712 
Share issue costs   (1,785)   (2,500)
Exercise of warrants   701,889    294,217 
Exercise of options   850,575    660,250 
Long-term loan received       40,000 
Repayment of lease obligation   (71,627)   (59,492)
Receipt of sublease payments   65,702    65,702 
Subscriptions received in advance       40,000 
Net cash provided by financing activities   2,137,119    1,505,889 
           
Change in cash for the year   (156,758)   389,006 
           
Cash, beginning of the year   392,213    3,207 
           
Cash, end of year  $235,455   $392,213 
           
Cash received during the year for interest  $   $ 

Supplemental disclosures with respect to cash flow(Note 12)

 

The accompanying notes are anintegral part of these consolidated financial statements.

 

F-7

 

 

FOREMOST LITHIUM RESOURCE & TECHNOLOGYLTD. (FORMERLY FAR RESOURCES LTD.)

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES INEQUITY

(Expressed in Canadian dollars)

 

 

   Capital stock                      
   Shares    Amount    Subscriptions
received
(receivable)
   Reserves    Deficit    Total equity  
Balance, March 31, 2020   $ 131,540,368    $ 17,836,640    $ 202,000    $ 1,130,959    $ (14,100,312 )   $ 5,069,287  
                               
Acquisition of exploration and evaluation assets     515,474      50,000                  50,000  
Private placement     12,461,556      669,712      (202,000 )             467,712  
Share issued – options exercised     7,250,000      1,321,659          (661,409 )         660,250  
Share issued – warrants exercised     3,449,936      294,217                  294,217  
Share issuance costs         (2,500 )                 (2,500 )
Share-based payments                 1,782,851          1,782,851  
Subscriptions received             40,000              40,000  
Options cancelled                 (1,111,834 )     1,111,834      
Loss for the year                     (2,612,308 )     (2,612,308 )
                               
Balance, March 31, 2021     155,217,334      20,169,728      40,000      1,140,567      (15,600,786 )     5,749,509  
                               
Acquisition of exploration and evaluation assets     809,701      94,963                  94,963  
Private placements     4,398,324      592,365                  592,365  
Share issuance costs         (1,785 )                 (1,785 )
Share issued – options exercised     9,335,000      1,611,848          (761,273 )         850,575  
Share issued – warrants exercised     7,756,667      741,889      (40,000 )             701,889  
Share issued – PSU redeemed     1,500,000      532,500          (532,500 )         
Share issued for debt     1,000,000      380,000                  380,000  
Share issued for services     408,884      42,933                  42,933  
Share-based payments                 2,482,219          2,482,219  
Options cancelled                 (34,619 )     34,619      
Loss for the year                     (4,150,922 )     (4,150,922 )
Balance, March 31, 2022     180,425,910    $ 24,164,441    $    $ 2,294,394    $ (19,717,089 )   $ 6,741,746  

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of theseconsolidated financial statements.

 

F-8

 

 

FOREMOST LITHIUM RESOURCE & TECHNOLOGYLTD. (FORMERLY FAR RESOURCES LTD.)

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Expressed in Canadian dollars)

March 31, 2022

 

 

 

1.       NATUREAND CONTINUANCE OF OPERATIONS

 

ForemostLithium Resource & Technology Ltd. (formerly Far Resources Ltd.) (the “Company”) which was incorporated underthe laws of the Province of British Columbia, is a public company listed on the Canadian Securities Exchange (the “CSE”)and trades under the symbol FAT. The Company’s head office is located at 2500 – 700 West Georgia Street, Vancouver,BC, V7Y 1K8. The Company’s registered and records office is located at 2500 – 700 West Georgia Street, Vancouver,BC, V7Y 1K8.

 

OnJanuary 4, 2022, the Company changed its name to Foremost Lithium Resource & Technology Ltd.

 

OnFebruary 14, 2022, the Company began trading on the OTCQB Venture Market under United States under the symbol FRRSF.

 

TheCompany is an exploration company focused on the identification and development of high potential mineral opportunities in stablejurisdictions.

 

Goingconcern of operations

 

Theseconsolidated financial statements have been prepared on a going concern basis which assumes that the Company will be able to realizeits assets and discharge its liabilities in the normal course of business for the foreseeable future. As at March 31, 2022, theCompany has had significant losses. In addition, the Company has not generated revenues from operations. The Company has financedits operations primarily through the issuance of common shares and short-term loans. The Company continues to seek capital throughvarious means including the issuance of equity and/or debt. These circumstances cast significant doubt as to the ability of theCompany to meet its obligations as they come due, and accordingly, the appropriateness of the use of accounting principles applicableto a going concern. These financial statements do not include adjustments to amounts and classifications of assets and liabilitiesthat might be necessary should the Company be unable to continue operations.

 

InMarch 2020, there was a global pandemic outbreak of COVID-19. The actual and threatened spread of the virus globally has had amaterial adverse effect on the global economy and specifically, the regional economies in which the Company operates. The pandemiccould result in delays in the course of business, including potential delays to its business plans and activities, and continueto have a negative impact on the stock market, including trading prices of the Company’s shares and its ability to raisenew capital. These material uncertainties raise substantial doubt upon the Company’s ability to continue as a going concernand realize its assets and settle its liabilities and commitments in the normal course of business.

 

TheCompany’s business financial condition and results of operations may be further negatively affected by economic and otherconsequences from Russia’s military action against Ukraine and the sanctions imposed in response to that action in lateFebruary 2022. While the Company expects any direct impacts, of the pandemic and the war in the Ukraine, to the business to belimited, the indirect impacts on the economy and on the mining industry and other industries in general could negatively affectthe business and may make it more difficult for it to raise equity or debt financing. There can be no assurance that the Companywill not be impacted by adverse consequences that may be brought about on its business, results of operations, financial positionand cash flows in the future.

 

Inorder to continue as a going concern and to meet its corporate objectives, the Company will require additional financing throughdebt or equity issuances or other available means. Although the Company has been successful in the past in obtaining financing,there is no assurance that it will be able to obtain adequate financing in the future or that such financing will be on termsadvantageous to the Company.

 

F-9

 

 

FOREMOST LITHIUM RESOURCE & TECHNOLOGYLTD. (FORMERLY FAR RESOURCES LTD.)

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Expressed in Canadian dollars)

March 31, 2022

 

 

 

2.       BASISOF PREPARATION

 

Statementof compliance

 

Theseconsolidated financial statements, including comparatives, have been prepared in accordance with International Financial ReportingStandards (“IFRS”), as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (“IASB”). The financialstatements are presented in Canadian dollars, which is also the Company’s functional currency.

 

Theseconsolidated financial statements were approved and authorized for issue by the audit committee of the Board of Directors of the Companyand the Board of Directors of the Company on July 29, 2022.

 

Basisof measurement

 

Theseconsolidated financial statements have been prepared on a historical cost basis, except for financial instruments classified asfair value through profit or loss which are stated at their fair value. In addition, these financial statements have been preparedusing the accrual basis of accounting except for cash flow information.

 

Basisof consolidation

 

Theconsolidated financial statements include the financial statements of Foremost Lithium Resource & Technology Ltd. and itssubsidiaries, Sierra Gold & Silver Ltd. and Sequoia Gold & Silver Ltd.

Name of Subsidiary Country of
Incorporation
Principal
Activity

Proportionof

OwnershipInterest

      2022 2021
Sierra Gold & Silver Ltd. USA Not active 100% 100%
Sequoia Gold & Silver Ltd. Canada Not active 100% 100%

Allintercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated.

 

3.       SIGNIFICANTACCOUNTING POLICIES

 

Useof estimates and judgments

 

Thepreparation of these consolidated financial statements in conformity with IFRS requires management to make judgments and estimatesand form assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and reportedamounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. On an ongoing basis, management evaluates its judgments and estimatesin relation to assets, liabilities, revenue and expenses. Management uses historical experience and various other factors it believesto be reasonable under the given circumstances as the basis for its judgments and estimates. Actual outcomes may differ from theseestimates.

 

Significantaccounting judgments

 

Significantaccounting judgments that management has made in the process of applying accounting policies and that have the most significanteffect on the amounts recognized in the consolidated financial statements include, but are not limited to, the following:

 

i)Determination of categories of financial assets and financial liabilities;

 

ii)Assessment of any indicators of impairment of the carrying value of the Company’s exploration and evaluation assets;

 

iii)The ability of the Company to continue as a going concern; and

 

iv)Contingencies by their nature, will only be resolved when one or more future events occur or fail to occur. The assessment of contingencies inherently involves the exercise of significant judgment and estimates of the outcome of future events. The Company is involved in certain legal claims as described in note 16, and the likelihood or outcomes of these claims involves the exercise of significant judgement.

 

F-10

 

 

FOREMOST LITHIUM RESOURCE & TECHNOLOGYLTD. (FORMERLY FAR RESOURCES LTD.)

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Expressed in Canadian dollars)

March 31, 2022

 

 

 

3.       SIGNIFICANTACCOUNTING POLICIES (cont’d...)

 

Useof estimates and judgments (cont’d...)

 

Criticalaccounting estimates

 

Keyassumptions concerning the future and other key sources of estimation uncertainty that have a significant risk of resulting ina material adjustment to the carrying amount of assets and liabilities within the next financial year include, but are not limitedto, the following:

 

Incometaxes

 

TheCompany is periodically required to estimate the tax basis of assets and liabilities. Where applicable tax laws and regulationsare either unclear or subject to varying interpretations, it is possible that changes in these estimates could occur that materiallyaffect the amounts of deferred income tax assets and liabilities recorded in the financial statements.

 

Changesin deferred tax assets and liabilities generally have a direct impact on earnings in the period that the changes occur. Each period,the Company evaluates the likelihood of whether some portion or all of each deferred tax asset will not be realized. This evaluationis based on historic and future expected levels of taxable income, the pattern and timing of reversals of taxable temporary timingdifferences that give rise to deferred tax assets and liabilities, and tax planning initiatives.

 

Cashand cash equivalents

 

Cashand cash equivalents are comprised of cash on hand and cash equivalents. Cash equivalents are short-term, highly liquid holdingsthat are readily convertible to known amounts of cash and which are subject to an insignificant risk of change in value. The Companydoes not currently hold any cash equivalents.

 

Foreigncurrency translation

 

Thefunctional currency for the Company and its subsidiaries is the currency of the primary economic environment in which the entityoperates. Transactions in foreign currencies are translated to the functional currency of the entity at the exchange rate in existenceat the date of the transaction. Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies at the reporting date are retranslatedat the period end date exchange rates.

 

Thefunctional currency of the parent entity and Sequoia Gold & Silver Ltd. is the Canadian dollar, which is also the presentationcurrency of our consolidated financial statements. The functional currency of Sierra Gold & Silver Ltd. is the United Statesdollar.

 

Foreignoperations are translated from their functional currencies into Canadian dollars on consolidation as follows:

 

(i)          Assetsand liabilities for each statement of financial position presented are translated at the closing rate at the date of the statementof financial position;

 

(ii)         Incomeand expenses for each statement of comprehensive income (loss) are translated at the average exchange rate for the period; and

 

(iii)       Allresulting exchange differences are recognized in other comprehensive income (loss) as cumulative translation adjustments.

 

Exchangedifferences that arise relating to long-term intercompany balances that form part of the net investment in a foreign operationare also recognized in a separate component of equity through other comprehensive income (loss).

 

Ondisposition or partial disposition of a foreign operation, the cumulative amount of related exchange differences recorded in thisseparate component of equity is recognized in profit or loss.

 

F-11

 

 

FOREMOST LITHIUM RESOURCE & TECHNOLOGYLTD. (FORMERLY FAR RESOURCES LTD.)

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Expressed in Canadian dollars)

March 31, 2022

 

 

 

3.       SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (cont’d...)

 

Governmentgrants

 

Governmentgrants are recognized when there is reasonable assurance that the grant will be received and all attached conditions will be compliedwith. When the grant relates to an expense item, it is recognized as income on a systematic basis over the period the expensecosts, for which it is intended to compensate, are expensed. When the grant relates to an asset, the cost of the asset is reducedby the amount of the grant and the grant is recognized as a reduced depreciation expense over the expected useful life of theasset.

 

Mineralproperties – exploration and evaluation assets

 

Pre-explorationcosts

 

Pre-explorationcosts are expensed in the year in which they are incurred.

 

Explorationand evaluation expenditures

 

Oncethe legal right to explore a property has been acquired, all costs related to the acquisition, exploration and evaluation of theproperty are capitalized. These direct expenditures include such costs as materials used, surveying costs, drilling costs, paymentsmade to contractors, and depreciation on plant and equipment during the exploration phase. Costs not directly attributable toexploration and evaluation activities, including general administrative overhead costs, are expensed in the period in which theyoccur.

 

Whena project is deemed to no longer have commercially viable prospects to the Company, exploration and evaluation expenditures inrespect of that project are deemed to be impaired. As a result, those exploration and evaluation expenditure costs, in excessof estimated recoveries, are written off to profit or loss.

 

TheCompany assesses exploration and evaluation assets for impairment when facts and circumstances suggest that the carrying amountof an asset may exceed its recoverable amount.

 

Oncethe technical feasibility and commercial viability of extracting the mineral resource has been determined, the property is consideredto be a mine under development and is classified as “mines under construction”. Exploration and evaluation assetsare tested for impairment before the assets are transferred to development properties.

 

Asthe Company currently has no operational income, any incidental revenues earned in connection with exploration activities areapplied as a reduction to capitalized exploration costs.

 

Explorationand evaluation assets are classified as intangible assets.

 

TheCompany enters into farm-out arrangements, whereby the Company will transfer part of a mineral interest, as consideration, foran agreement by the transferee to meet certain exploration and evaluation expenditures which would have otherwise been undertakenby the Company. The Company does not record any expenditures made by the farmee on its behalf. Any cash or other considerationreceived from the agreement is credited against the costs previously capitalized to the mineral interest given up by the Company,with any excess consideration accounted for as a gain on disposal.

 

TheCompany accounts for mining tax credits on a cash basis and are applied as a reduction to capitalized exploration costs.

 

Provisionfor environmental rehabilitation

 

TheCompany recognizes liabilities for legal or constructive obligations associated with the retirement of exploration and evaluationassets and equipment. The net present value of future rehabilitation costs is capitalized to the related asset along with a correspondingincrease in the rehabilitation provision in the period incurred. Discount rates using a pre-tax rate that reflect the time valueof money are used to calculate the net present value.

 

F-12

 

 

FOREMOST LITHIUM RESOURCE & TECHNOLOGYLTD. (FORMERLY FAR RESOURCES LTD.)

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Expressed in Canadian dollars)

March 31, 2022

 

 

 

3.       SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (cont’d...)

 

Provisionfor environmental rehabilitation (cont’d...)

 

TheCompany’s estimates of reclamation costs could change as a result of changes in regulatory requirements, discount ratesand assumptions regarding the amount and timing of the future expenditures. These changes are recorded directly to the relatedassets with a corresponding entry to the rehabilitation provision.

 

Decommissioningobligations:

 

TheCompany’s activities may give rise to dismantling, decommissioning and site disturbance re-mediation activities. A provisionis made for the estimated cost of site restoration and capitalized in the relevant asset category.

 

Decommissioningobligations are measured at the present value of management’s best estimate of the expenditure required to settle the presentobligation at the reporting date. Subsequent to the initial measurement, the obligation is adjusted at the end of each periodto reflect the passage of time and changes in the estimated future cash flows underlying the obligation. The increase in the provisiondue to the passage of time is recognized as finance costs whereas increases due to changes in the estimated future cash flowsare capitalized. Actual costs incurred upon settlement of the decommissioning obligations are charged against the provision tothe extent the provision was established.

 

Contingencies

 

Acontingent liability is a possible obligation, and a contingent asset is a possible asset, that arises from past events and whoseexistence will be confirmed only by the occurrence or non-occurrence of one or more uncertain future events not wholly withinthe control of the Company. A contingent liability may also be a present obligation that arises from past events that is not recognizedbecause it is not probable that an outflow of economic resources will be required to settle the obligation or the amount of theobligation cannot be measured reliably.

 

Impairmentof non-financial assets

 

Atthe end of each reporting period the carrying amounts of the Company’s long-lived assets, including mineral property interests,are reviewed to determine whether there is any indication that those assets are impaired. If any such indication exists, the recoverableamount of the asset is estimated in order to determine the extent of the impairment, if any. The recoverable amount is the higherof fair value less costs to sell and value in use. Fair value is determined as the amount that would be obtained from the saleof the asset in an arm’s length transaction between knowledgeable and willing parties. In assessing value in use, the estimatedfuture cash flows are discounted to their present value using a discount rate that reflects current market assessments of thetime value of money and the risks specific to the asset. If the recoverable amount of an asset is estimated to be less than itscarrying amount, the carrying amount of the asset is reduced to its recoverable amount and the impairment loss is recognized inthe profit or loss for the period. For an asset that does not generate largely independent cash inflows, the recoverable amountis determined for the cash generating unit to which the asset belongs. Where an impairment loss subsequently reverses, the carryingamount of the asset (or cash generating unit) is increased to the revised estimate of its recoverable amount, but to an amountthat does not exceed the carrying amount that would have been determined had no impairment loss been recognized for the asset(or cash-generating unit) in prior years. A reversal of an impairment loss is recognized immediately in profit or loss.

 

Financialinstruments

 

IFRS9 uses a single approach to determine whether a financial asset is classified and measured at amortized cost or fair value. Theapproach in IFRS 9 is based on how an entity manages its financial instruments and the contractual cash flows characteristicsof the financial asset.

 

Theclassification of debt instruments is driven by the business model for managing the financial assets and their contractual cashflow characteristics. Debt instruments are measured at amortized cost if the business model is to hold the instrument for collectionof contractual cash flows and those cash flows are solely principal and interest.

 

F-13

 

 

FOREMOST LITHIUM RESOURCE & TECHNOLOGYLTD. (FORMERLY FAR RESOURCES LTD.)

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Expressed in Canadian dollars)

March 31, 2022

 

 

 

3.       SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (cont’d...)

 

Financialinstruments (cont’d...)

 

Ifthe business model is not to hold the debt instrument, it is classified as fair value through profit or loss (“FVTPL”).Financial assets with embedded derivatives are considered in their entirety when determining whether their cash flows are solelypayments of principal and interest.

 

TheCompany classifies its financial assets into one of the categories described below, depending on the purpose for which the assetwas acquired. Management determines the classification of its financial assets at initial recognition.

 

Equityinstruments that are held for trading (including all equity derivative instruments) are classified as FVTPL, for other equityinstruments, on the day of acquisition the Company can make an irrevocable election (on an instrument-by-instrument basis) todesignate them as at fair value through other comprehensive income (“FVTOCI”).

 

Fairvalue through profit or loss (“FVTPL”) – Financial assets carried at FVTPL are initially recorded at fair valueand transaction costs are expensed in the statement of loss. Realized and unrealized gains and losses arising from changes inthe fair value of the financial asset held at FVTPL are included in the statement of loss in the period in which they arise. Derivativesare also categorized as FVTPL unless they are designated as hedges.

 

Fairvalue through other comprehensive income (“FVTOCI”) - Investments in equity instruments at FVTOCI are initially recognizedat fair value plus transaction costs. Subsequently, they are measured at fair value, with gains and losses arising from changesin fair value recognized in other comprehensive income. There is no subsequent reclassification of fair value gains and lossesto profit or loss following the derecognition of the investment.

 

Financialassets at amortized cost - A financial asset is measured at amortized cost using the effective interest method if the objectiveof the business model is to hold the financial asset for the collection of contractual cash flows, and the asset’s contractualcash flows are comprised solely of payments of principal and interest. They are classified as current assets or non-current assetsbased on their maturity date and are initially recognized at fair value and subsequently carried at amortized cost less any impairment.

 

Thefollowing table shows the classification and measurement of the Company’s financial instruments under IFRS 9:

 

Financial assets/liabilities   Classification and measurement
Cash   at amortized cost
Long-term investment   FVTPL
Net investment in sublease   at amortized cost
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities   at amortized cost
Lease obligation   at amortized cost
Short-term loans payable   at amortized cost
Long-term loans payable   at amortized cost

 

Financialliabilities other than derivative liabilities are recognized initially at fair value and are subsequently stated at amortizedcost. Transaction costs on financial assets and liabilities other than those classified at FVTPL are treated as part of the carryingvalue of the asset or liability. Transaction costs for assets and liabilities at FVTPL are expensed as incurred.

 

F-14

 

 

FOREMOST LITHIUM RESOURCE & TECHNOLOGYLTD. (FORMERLY FAR RESOURCES LTD.)

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Expressed in Canadian dollars)

March 31, 2022

 

 

 

3.       SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (cont’d...)

 

Impairmentof financial assets at amortized cost

 

TheCompany recognizes the expected credit losses (“ECL”) model on a forward-looking basis on financial assets that aremeasured at amortized cost, contract assets and debt instruments carried at FVTOCI.

 

Ateach reporting date, the Company measures the ECL for the financial asset at an amount equal to the lifetime expected credit lossesif the credit risk on the financial asset has increased significantly since initial recognition. If at the reporting date, thefinancial asset has not increased significantly since initial recognition, the Company measures the ECL for the financial assetat an amount equal to twelve month expected credit losses. The Company applies the simplified method and measures a loss allowanceequal to the lifetime expected credit losses for trade receivables.

 

TheCompany recognizes in profit and loss, as an impairment gain or loss, the amount of expected credit losses (or reversal) thatis required to adjust the loss allowance at the reporting date to the amount that is required to be recognized. The loss allowancewas $Nil as at March 31, 2022.

 

Derecognitionof financial assets and financial liabilities

 

Afinancial asset is derecognized when the contractual right to the asset’s cash flows expire; or if the Company transfersthe financial asset and substantially all risks and rewards of ownership to another entity.

 

TheCompany derecognizes a financial liability when its obligations are discharged, cancelled or expired.

 

Incometaxes

 

Incometax expense comprises current and deferred tax. Income tax is recognized in profit or loss except to the extent that it relatesto items recognized directly in equity. Current tax expense is the expected tax payable on taxable income for the year, usingtax rates enacted or substantively enacted at period end, adjusted for amendments to tax payable with regards to previous years.

 

Deferredtax is recorded using the liability method, providing for temporary differences, between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilitiesfor financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for taxation purposes. Temporary differences are not provided for goodwillnot deductible for tax purposes, the initial recognition of assets or liabilities that affects neither accounting nor taxableloss, or differences relating to investments in subsidiaries to the extent that they will probably not reverse in the foreseeablefuture. The amount of deferred tax provided is based on the expected manner of realization or settlement of the carrying amountof assets and liabilities, using tax rates enacted or substantively enacted at the reporting date.

 

Adeferred tax asset is recognized only to the extent that it is probable that future taxable profits will be available againstwhich the asset can be utilized.

 

Lossper share

 

TheCompany uses the treasury stock method to compute the dilutive effect of options, warrants and similar instruments. Under thismethod, the dilutive effect on loss per share is recognized on the use of the proceeds that could be obtained upon exercise ofoptions, warrants and similar instruments. It assumes that the proceeds would be used to purchase common shares at the averagemarket price during the year. For the year ended March 31, 2022, 11,965,000 (2021 – 11,600,000) stock options, 14,067,213(2021 – 17,425,556) warrants and 12,499,996 (2021 – Nil) performance share units were not included in the calculationof dilutive earnings per share as their inclusion was anti-dilutive.

 

Lossper share is calculated using the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the year.

 

F-15

 

 

FOREMOST LITHIUM RESOURCE & TECHNOLOGYLTD. (FORMERLY FAR RESOURCES LTD.)

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Expressed in Canadian dollars)

March 31, 2022

 

 

 

3.       SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (cont’d...)

 

Share-basedpayments

 

TheCompany grants stock options to acquire common shares of the Company to directors, officers, employees and consultants. An individualis classified as an employee when the individual is an employee for legal or tax purposes, or provides services similar to thoseperformed by an employee.

 

Thefair value of stock options is measured on the date of grant, using the Black-Scholes option pricing model, and is recognizedin share-based payment reserve over the vesting period. Consideration paid for the shares along with the fair value recorded inshare-based payment reserve on the exercise of stock options is credited to capital stock. When vested options are cancelled,forfeited, or are not exercised by the expiry date, the amount previously recognized in share-based payment reserve is transferredto accumulated losses (deficit). The Company estimates a forfeiture rate and adjusts the corresponding expense each period basedon an updated forfeiture estimate.

 

Insituations where equity instruments are issued to non-employees and some or all of the goods or services received by the entityas consideration cannot be specifically identified, they are measured at the fair value of the share-based payment. Otherwise,share-based payments are measured at the fair value of goods or services received. Where the terms and conditions of options aremodified, the increase in the fair value of the options, measured immediately before and after the modification, is also chargedto profit or loss over the remaining vesting period.

 

Forperformance share units and stock options with vesting containing a market condition, the grant date fair value is measured usingthe Monte Carlo model to reflect such conditions and there is no true-up for differences between expected and actual outcomes.

 

Theexpense recognized for performance-based stock-options is based on an estimation of the probability of achieving the market conditionand the timing of the achieving of the market condition, which is difficult to predict. The fair value is recognized straightline over the life of the performance share units or stock options which vest based on a market condition. Upon achieving a marketcondition, the awards shall vest and any unvested fair value related to the vested awards will be accelerated and recognized.

 

Shareissue costs

 

Shareissue costs are deferred and charged directly to capital stock on completion of the related financing. If the financing is notcompleted, share issue costs are charged to operations. Costs directly identifiable with the raising of capital will be chargedagainst the related capital stock.

 

Valuationof equity units issued in private placements

 

TheCompany has adopted a residual value method with respect to the measurement of shares and warrants issued as private placementunits. The residual value method first allocates value to the more easily measurable component based on fair value and then theresidual value, if any, to the less easily measurable component.

 

Thefair value of the common shares issued in the private placements was determined to be the more easily measurable component andwere valued at their fair value, as determined by the closing quoted bid price on the announcement date. The balance, if any,was allocated to the attached warrants. Any fair value attributed to the warrants is recorded as reserves.

 

F-16

 

 

FOREMOST LITHIUM RESOURCE & TECHNOLOGYLTD. (FORMERLY FAR RESOURCES LTD.)

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Expressed in Canadian dollars)

March 31, 2022

 

 

 

3.       SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (cont’d...)

 

Leases

 

Atinception of a contract, the Company assesses whether the contract is, or contains, a lease. A contract is, or contains, a leaseif the contract conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset for a period of time in exchange for consideration.

 

Leasesof right-of-use assets are recognized at the lease commencement date at the present value of the lease payments that are not paidat that date. The lease payments are discounted using the interest rate implicit in the lease, if that rate can be readily determined,and otherwise at the Company’s incremental borrowing rate. At the commencement date, a right-of-use asset is measured atcost, which is comprised of the initial amount of the lease liability adjusted for any lease payments made at or before the commencementdate, plus any decommissioning and restoration costs, less any lease incentives received.

 

Eachlease payment is allocated between repayment of the lease principal and interest. Interest on the lease liability in each periodduring the lease term is allocated to produce a constant periodic rate of interest on the remaining balance of the lease liability.Except where the costs are included in the carrying amount of another asset, the Company recognizes in profit or loss (a) theinterest on a lease liability and (b) variable lease payments not included in the measurement of a lease liability in the periodin which the event or condition that triggers those payments occurs. The Company subsequently measures the right-of-use assetat cost less any accumulated depreciation and any accumulated impairment losses; and adjusted for any remeasurement of the leaseliability. Right-of-use assets are depreciated over the shorter of the asset’s useful life or the lease term, except wherethe lease contains a bargain purchase option a right-of-use asset is depreciated over the asset’s useful life.

 

Whenthe Company enters into a sublease, it determines at lease inception date whether each sublease is a finance lease or an operatinglease based on whether the contract transfers substantially all of the risks and rewards incidental to ownership of the underlyingasset. If this is the case, then the sublease is a financial lease: if not then it is an operational lease.

 

Forfinancial leases, and when the Company acts as intermediate lessor, it recognizes a sublease receivable and derecognizes the right-of-useassets relating to the head lease that it transfers to the sub leases. Right-of-use assets and net investment in sublease receivablesrelating to the subleases are measured in the same way as the right-of-use assets and lease liabilities for the head lease, usingthe same discount rate for the actualization of future payments to be received.

 

Newaccounting standards issued and effective

 

Certainnew standards, interpretations, and amendments to existing standards have been issued by the IASB or IFRC that are mandatory foraccounting years beginning on or after January 1, 2022. New accounting pronouncements that are not applicable or are not consequentialto the Company have been excluded in the preparation of these consolidated financial statements.

 

Anumber of new standards, and amendments to standards and interpretations, are not effective for the year ended March 31, 2022,and have not been early adopted in preparing these consolidated financial statements. The following accounting standards and amendmentsare effective for future periods:

 

i)Onerous Contracts - Cost of Fulfilling a Contract (Amendments to IAS 37) - The amendments to IAS 37 specify which costs an entity includes in determining the cost of fulfilling a contract for the purpose of assessing whether the contract is onerous. Costs that relate directly to a contract can either be incremental costs of fulfilling that contract (examples would be direct labour, materials) or an allocation of other costs that relate directly to fulfilling contracts (example would be the allocation of the depreciation charge for property, plant and equipment used in fulfilling the contract).

 

Theseamendments are effective for reporting periods beginning on or after January 1, 2022.

 

ii)Classification of Liabilities as Current or Non-current (Amendments to IAS 1) - The amendments to IAS1 provide a more general approach to the classification of liabilities based on the contractual arrangements in place at the reporting date.

 

Theseamendments are effective for reporting periods beginning on or after January 1, 2023.

 

F-17

 

 

FOREMOST LITHIUM RESOURCE & TECHNOLOGYLTD. (FORMERLY FAR RESOURCES LTD.)

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Expressed in Canadian dollars)

March 31, 2022

 

 

 

4.       LONG-TERMINVESTMENT

 

 

 

   March 31, 2022   March 31, 2021 
   Number of
shares
   Cost   Fair Value   Number of
shares
   Cost   Fair Value 
Alchemist Mining Inc.   10,000   $9,500   $8,000    10,000   $9,500   $8,000 

 

OnAugust 20, 2014, the Company received 100,000 common shares of Alchemist Mining Inc. (“Alchemist”), a corporationof which the CEO is a family member of the Company’s former CEO, at a fair value of $5,500 related to the Tchentlo Lakeproperty. Alchemist shares were initially valued at the trading price of $0.055 per share.

 

OnAugust 20, 2016, the Company received 100,000 common shares of Alchemist related to the amended Tchentlo Lake property. Theseshares were initially valued at the trading price of $0.04 per share.

 

TheCompany classified the Alchemist shares as an investment at fair value through profit or loss.

 

EffectiveNovember 19, 2021, Alchemist Mining Inc. consolidated its common shares on a 20:1 basis.

 

AtMarch 31, 2022, the Company valued the shares at $8,000 (2021 - $8,000) and recorded an unrealized loss of $Nil (2021 - $3,000)from changes in the fair value.

 

5.       LEASES

 

Forthe year ending March 31, 2022, interest expense on the lease obligation were $17,749 (2021 - $24,554). The lease term matureson September 30, 2023. The below tables show the continuity of lease obligation and the reconciliation between the undiscountedand discounted balances:

 

Lease obligation, March 31, 2020  $176,200 
Interest expense   24,554 
Loss on lease amendment   8,956 
Current portion   (59,492)
Lease obligation, March 31, 2021   150,218 
Interest expense   17,749 
Current portion   (71,627)
Lease obligation, March 31, 2022   96,340 
Current portion   (61,954)
Non-current portion  $34,386 

 

   March 31, 2022 
Less than one year  $71,627 
Greater than one year   35,813 
Total lease obligation - undiscounted   107,440 
Unamortized interest   (11,100)
Total lease obligation - discounted  $96,340 

 

F-18

 

 

FOREMOST LITHIUM RESOURCE & TECHNOLOGYLTD. (FORMERLY FAR RESOURCES LTD.)

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Expressed in Canadian dollars)

March 31, 2022

 

 

 

5.       LEASES(cont’d...)

 

Theweighted average incremental borrowing rate applied to the lease liabilities on April 1, 2019 was 15%.

 

Duringthe year ended March 31, 2021, the Company amended the lease agreement and recognized a loss on lease amendment of $8,956. TheCompany also recognized a gain on sublease of $4,295.

 

Forthe year ending March 31, 2022, finance income of the net investment in sublease was $16,290 (2021 - $22,735). The sublease termmatures on September 30, 2023. The below tables show the continuity of net investment in sublease and the reconciliation betweenthe undiscounted and discounted balances:

 

Net investment in sublease, March 31, 2020  $180,739 
Finance income   22,735 
Payments received   (65,702)
Net investment in sublease, March 31, 2021   137,772 
Finance income   16,290 
Payments received   (65,702)
Net investment in sublease, March 31, 2022   88,360 
Current portion   (56,823)
Non-current portion  $31,537 

 

   March 31, 2022  
Less than one year   $ 65,702  
Greater than one year     32,851  
Total net investment in sublease – undiscounted     98,553  
Unamortized finance income     (10,193 )
Total net investment in sublease – discounted   $ 88,360  

 

F-19

 

 

FOREMOST LITHIUM RESOURCE & TECHNOLOGYLTD. (FORMERLY FAR RESOURCES LTD.)

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Expressed in Canadian dollars)

March 31, 2022

 

 

 

6.       EXPLORATIONAND EVALUATION ASSETS

 

Duringthe year ended March 31, 2022, the following exploration expenditures were incurred on the exploration and evaluation assets:

 

                     
   Zoro
Property
   Grass River
Property
   Winston
Property
   Jean Lake
Property
   Total 
                     
Acquisition costs                         

Balance,March 31, 2021

  $1,764,444   $    1,121,057   $   $2,885,501 
Cash   75,000    40,500    79,529    25,000    220,029 
Shares   69,963            25,000    94,963 
Balance, March 31, 2022   1,909,407    40,500    1,200,586    50,000    3,200,493 
                          
Exploration costs                         
Balance, March 31, 2021   3,203,419        174,732        3,378,151 
Assay   1,216        4,712        5,928 
Drilling   150,633                150,633 
Geological and consulting   47,243        64,772    543,902    655,917 
Exploration cost recovery               (200,000)   (200,000)
Balance, March 31, 2022   3,402,511        244,216    343,902    3,990,629 
                          
Total balance, March 31, 2022  $5,311,918   $40,500    1,444,802   $393,902   $7,191,122 

 

F-20

 

 

FOREMOST LITHIUM RESOURCE & TECHNOLOGYLTD. (FORMERLY FAR RESOURCES LTD.)

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Expressed in Canadian dollars)

March 31, 2022

 

 

 

6.       EXPLORATIONAND EVALUATION ASSETS (cont’d…)

 

Duringthe year ended March 31, 2021, the following exploration expenditures were incurred on the exploration and evaluation assets:

 

             
   Zoro
Property
   Winston
Property
(as restated
- Note 17)
   Total  
             
Acquisition costs                

Balance, March 31, 2020

  $ 1,664,444    $ 956,671    $ 2,621,115  
Additions – cash     50,000      164,386      214,386  
Additions – shares     50,000          50,000  
Balance, March 31, 2021     1,764,444      1,121,057      2,885,501  
                
Exploration costs                
Balance, March 31, 2020     3,192,140      37,715      3,229,855  
Geological and consulting     11,279      137,017      148,296  
Balance, March 31, 2021     3,203,419      174,732      3,378,151  
                
Total balance, March 31, 2021   $ 4,967,863    $ 1,295,789    $ 6,263,652  

 

F-21

 

 

FOREMOST LITHIUM RESOURCE & TECHNOLOGYLTD. (FORMERLY FAR RESOURCES LTD.)

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Expressed in Canadian dollars)

March 31, 2022

 

 

 

6.       EXPLORATIONAND EVALUATION ASSETS (cont’d...)

 

ZoroProperty

 

ZoroI

 

TheCompany has a 100% interest in the Zoro I Claim in the Snow Lake area in Manitoba by paying a total of $150,000 in cash and issuing7,000,000 common shares (valued at $635,000).

 

Inaddition, during the year ended March 31, 2017, the Company issued 1,000,000 common shares to an arm’s length party at afair value of $135,000 as a finder’s fee on the Zoro I option agreement.

 

ZoroNorth

 

TheCompany has earned a 100% interest in ground contiguous with its Zoro 1 near Snow Lake, Manitoba subject to a 2% NSR by payinga total of $250,000 in cash, issuing $250,000 in shares (2,632,803 shares issued) and incurring $1,000,000 of exploration expenditures.

 

TheCompany can acquire an undivided fifty percent interest in the NSR, being one-half of the NSR or a 1% Net Smelter Return fromby making a $1,000,000 cash payment, together with all accrued but unpaid NSR at the time, prior to the commencement of commercialproduction.

 

Duringthe option period, the Company will be solely responsible for carrying out and administering exploration, development and miningwork on the property and for maintaining the property in good standing.

 

ManitobaLithium

 

TheCompany has earned a 100% interest in all lithium-bearing pegmatite dykes on three contiguous claims in Manitoba by paying $250,000in cash and issuing $250,000 in shares (2,724,674 shares issued).

 

Theproperty is subject to a 2% NSR. The Company can acquire an undivided fifty percent interest in the NSR, being one-half of theNSR or a 1% Net Smelter Return from Strider Resources Limited (“Strider”) by making a $1,000,000 cash payment to Strider,together with all accrued but unpaid NSR at the time, prior to the commencement of commercial production.

 

Duringthe option period, the Company is responsible for carrying out and administering exploration, development and mining work on theproperty and for maintaining the property in good standing.

 

GrassRiver Property

 

Duringthe year ended March 31, 2022, the Company staked claims on the Grass River Property in the Snow Lake area of Manitoba for $40,500.

 

F-22

 

 

FOREMOST LITHIUM RESOURCE & TECHNOLOGYLTD. (FORMERLY FAR RESOURCES LTD.)

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Expressed in Canadian dollars)

March 31, 2022

 

 

 

6.       EXPLORATIONAND EVALUATION ASSETS (cont’d...)

 

WinstonProperty

 

Duringthe year ended March 31, 2015, the Company entered into an option agreement with Redline Minerals Inc., Redline Mining Corporationand Southwest Land & Exploration Inc. (collectively, the “Optionors”) to acquire up to an 80% interest in theWinston Property consisting of the Little Granite claims and the Ivanhoe/Emporia claims located in Sierra County, New Mexico,U.S.A.

 

Duringthe years ended March 31, 2016 and 2017, the Company amended the option agreement with the Optionors to acquire an initial 50%interest upon completion of the following:

 

a)Cash payment of non-refundable deposits of $35,000 (paid);

b)Cash payments of $81,250 (paid);

c)Cash payment of $13,750 on or before November 15, 2014 (paid);

d)Share issuance of 300,000 common shares of the Company on January 15, 2015 (issued);

e)Cash payments of $120,000 as follows;

i)Cash payment of $40,000 on or before February 28, 2016 (paid);

ii)Cash payment of $40,000 on or before June 1, 2016 (paid);

iii)Cash payment of $40,000 on or before June 1, 2017 (see amended terms below);

f)Issuance of 2,500,000 common shares (1,500,000 shares issued) of the Company as follows;

i)Issue 500,000 common shares on or before October 17, 2014 (issued);

ii)Issue 500,000 common shares on or before October 17, 2015 (issued);

iii)Issue 500,000 common shares on or before October 17, 2016; (issued)

iv)Issue 500,000 common shares on or before October 17, 2017 (see amended terms below);

v)Issue 500,000 common shares on or before October 17, 2018 (see amended terms below); and

g)Incurring exploration expenditures totaling $300,000 due on or before October 17, 2017 (see amended terms below).

 

Theagreement was also amended to include a further option to acquire up to an additional 30% (80% in total interest).

 

Inexchange for the amendment of the option agreement, the Company issued 100,000 common shares at a fair value of $3,000 on February26, 2016.

 

Duringthe year ended March 31, 2017, the Company made a $25,000 cash payment to the original vendors of the Winston Property.

 

Duringthe year ended March 31, 2018, the Company’s wholly owned subsidiary offered to acquire a 100% interest to the claims fromthe Optionors by completing the following:

 

a)Cash payment of $35,000 (paid);

b)Issuance of 2,500,000 common shares of the Company (issued and valued at $275,000); and

c)Issuance of a $50,000 non-interest-bearing promissory note which is repayable on August 24, 2017 (issued and repaid).

 

Inaccordance with the terms and condition of the underlying purchase agreement in order to complete the acquisition of the LittleGranite claims, the Company is required to make the following payments:

 

a)Cash payments of US $12,000 on or before July 15, 2017 (paid)

b)Cash payments of US $6,000 on or before March 31, 2018 (paid);

c)Cash payments of US $12,000 on or before July 15, 2018 (paid);

d)Cash payments of US $12,000 on or before July 15, 2019 (paid);

e)Cash payments of US $12,000 on or before July 15, 2020 (paid);

f)Cash payment of US $19,000 on or before October 1, 2020 (paid);

g)Cash payment of US $19,000 on or before October 1, 2021 (paid);

h)Cash payments of US $380,000 on or before October 1, 2022 (paid US$19,000).

 

F-23

 

 

FOREMOST LITHIUM RESOURCE & TECHNOLOGYLTD. (FORMERLY FAR RESOURCES LTD.)

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Expressed in Canadian dollars)

March 31, 2022

 

 

 

6.       EXPLORATIONAND EVALUATION ASSETS (cont’d...)

 

WinstonProperty (cont’d...)

 

Inaccordance with the terms and condition of the underlying purchase agreement in order to complete the acquisition of the Ivanhoe/Emporiaclaims, the Company is required to pay the original owner of the claims the remaining purchase price of US$361,375 (US$42,000paid). Before the remaining purchase price is paid in full, the Company is subject to a minimum monthly royalty payment basedon monthly average silver price which reduces the remaining purchase price once paid. The accrued minimum monthly royalty paymentsoutstanding as of March 31, 2022 totals US$207,125 (2021 - US$183,125). The agreement also entitles the owner to a permanent productionroyalty of 2% of NSR.

 

JeanLake Property

 

OnJuly 30, 2021, the Company entered into an option agreement with Mount Morgan Resources Ltd. to acquire a 100% interest in JeanLake lithium-gold project located in Manitoba.

 

Theoption agreement provides for the Company to earn a 100% interest over 4 years by cash payments and share issuances to Mount MorganResources Ltd. and exploration expenditures as follows:

 

i)$25,000 cash (paid) and common shares of the Company having a value of $25,000 (250,000 shares issued) on or before August 1, 2021;

 

ii)$50,000 cash (paid), $50,000 in common shares and $50,000 exploration expenditures (incurred) on or before August 1, 2022;

 

iii)$50,000 cash, $50,000 in common shares and $50,000 (further) exploration expenditures (incurred) on or before August 1, 2023;

 

iv)$50,000 cash, $50,000 in common shares and $50,000 (further) exploration expenditures (incurred) on or before August 1, 2024;

 

v)$75,000 cash, $75,000 in common shares and $50,000 (further) exploration expenditures (incurred) on or before August 1, 2025.

 

Oncethe Company earns the interest, the Company will grant a 2% NSR to Mount Morgan Resources Ltd. The NSR may be reduced to 1% bythe Company’s payment of $1,000,000 to the NSR holder.

 

Duringthe year ended March 31, 2022, the Company entered into an agreement with Manitoba Government to receive a grant of $300,000 fordrill program on Jean Lake and Zoro Lithium properties and received $200,000 in the current year and $100,000 subsequently.

 

F-24

 

FOREMOST LITHIUM RESOURCE & TECHNOLOGY LTD. (FORMERLY FAR RESOURCES LTD.)

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Expressed in Canadian dollars)

March 31, 2022

 

 

 

7.ACCOUNTS PAYABLE AND ACCRUED LIABILITIES

 

Accountspayables and accrued liabilities for the Company are broken down as follows:

 

   Note    March 31,
2022
   March 31,
2021
(as restated
– Note 17)
 
             
Trade payables        $ 603,002    $ 536,094  
Royalty payables          261,685      231,555  
Payroll and accrued liabilities          68,778      105,432  
Due to related parties     11      99,027      104,266  
Total        $ 1,032,492    $ 977,347  

 

8.SHORT-TERM LOANS PAYABLE

 

   March 31,
2022
   March 31,
2021
 
         
Loans payable on demand, unsecured with no interest and no fixed term  $2,500   $2,500 
Loans payable on demand, unsecured with 10% interest per annum and no fixed term   5,000    5,000 
   $7,500   $7,500 

 

9.LONG-TERM LOANS PAYABLE

 

Duringthe year ended March 31, 2021, the Company received a loan of $40,000 for the Canada Emergency Business Account to provide emergencysupport to business due to the impact of COVID-19. The loan is non-interest bearing until December 31, 2023, after which it willincur interest at 5% per annum. If the principal of $30,000 is fully repaid on or before December 31, 2023, the remaining $10,000will be forgiven.

 

10.CAPITAL STOCK AND RESERVES

 

a)Authorized capital stock:

 

Asat March 31, 2022, the authorized capital stock of the Company was:

 

i)Unlimited number of common shares without par value.

ii)All issued shares are fully paid.

 

b)       Issuedcapital stock:

 

Duringthe year ended March 31, 2022, the Company:

 

issued 9,335,000 common shares upon exercise of options for gross proceeds of $850,575. The weighted average share price on the date of the option exercises was $0.24.

 

issued 7,756,667 common shares upon exercise of warrants for gross proceeds of $741,889.

 

closed a non-brokered private placement of 2,008,324 units at $0.17 per unit for gross proceeds of $341,415. Each unit consists of one common share and one share purchase warrant. The warrant entitles the holder to purchase one additional common share for a period of 18 months at a price of $0.25 per share.

 

issued 250,000 common shares at a value of $25,000 as part of the acquisition payments for the Jean Lake Option Agreement (see note 6).

 

F-25

 

 

FOREMOST LITHIUM RESOURCE & TECHNOLOGYLTD. (FORMERLY FAR RESOURCES LTD.)

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Expressed in Canadian dollars)

March 31, 2022

 

 

 

10.CAPITAL STOCK AND RESERVES (cont’d…)

 

b)Issued capital stock : (cont’d…)

 

issued 559,701 common shares at a value of $69,963 as part of the acquisition payments for the Zoro North Option Agreement (see note 6).

 

closed a non-brokered private placement of 2,390,000 units at $0.105 per unit for gross proceeds of $250,950. Each unit consists of one common share and one share purchase warrant. The warrant entitles the holder to purchase one additional common share for a period of 24 months at a price of $0.13 per share.

 

issued 408,884 common shares valued at $42,933 to settle $42,933 of services with a non-related party.

 

reinstated 200,000 options previously forfeited.

 

issued 1,000,000 common shares valued at $380,000 to settle $279,644 of debt with a non-related party and recorded $100,356 as loss on the settlement.

 

issued 1,500,000 common shares valued at $532,500 pursuant to PSU redemption to a related party.

 

Duringthe year ended March 31, 2021, the Company:

 

issued 7,250,000 common shares upon exercise of options for gross proceeds of $660,250.

 

issued 3,449,936 common shares upon exercise of warrants for gross proceeds of $294,217.

 

closed a non-brokered private placement of 7,461,556 units at $0.056 per unit for gross proceeds of $419,712. Each unit consists of one common share and two share purchase warrants, warrant A and B. Warrant A entitles the holder to purchase one additional common share for a period of two years at a price of $0.075 per share and warrant B entitles the holder to purchase one additional common share for a period of two years at a price of $0.10 per share.

 

issued 515,474 common shares at a value of $50,000 as part of the acquisition payments for the Zoro North Option Agreement (see note 6).

 

closed a non-brokered private placement of 5,000,000 units at $0.05 per unit for gross proceeds of $250,000. Each unit consists of one common share and one share purchase warrants, warrant entitles the holder to purchase one additional common share for a period of two years at a price of $0.10 per share. The Company paid $2,500 in cash issuance fees.

 

c)       Stockoptions:

 

TheCompany follows the policies of the Canadian Securities Exchange under which it is authorized to grant options to executive officersand directors, employees, and consultants enabling them to acquire up to 10% of the issued and outstanding common stock of theCompany. Under the policies, the exercise price of each option may not be less than the market price of the Company’s stockas calculated on the day before the date of grant. The options can be granted for a maximum term of ten years.

 

Theoptions shall be subject to such vesting requirements, if any, as may be determined by the Board from time to time provided thatoptions granted to consultants performing “investor relation activities” must vest in stages over 12 months with nomore than ¼ of the options granted vesting in any six month period.

 

F-26

 

 

FOREMOST LITHIUM RESOURCE & TECHNOLOGYLTD. (FORMERLY FAR RESOURCES LTD.)

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Expressed in Canadian dollars)

March 31, 2022

 

 

 

10.CAPITAL STOCK AND RESERVES (cont’d…)

 

c)Stock options: (cont’d…)

 

Duringthe year ended March 31, 2022, the Company:

 

granted 250,000 stock options to consultants of the Company. The options are exercisable at $0.105 per option for five years with an estimated fair value of $21,500 and vest immediately.

 

granted 500,000 stock options to consultants of the Company. The options are exercisable at $0.15 per option for five years with an estimated fair value of $66,100 and vest immediately.

 

granted 300,000 stock options to consultants of the Company. The options are exercisable at $0.25 per option for five years with an estimated fair value of $61,600 and vest immediately.

 

granted 5,500,000 stock options to consultants of the Company. The options are exercisable at $0.285 per option for one year with an estimated fair value of $666,100 and vest immediately.

 

granted 500,000 stock options to a consultant of the Company. The options are exercisable at $0.41 per option for five years with an estimated fair value of $163,700 and vest immediately.

 

granted 1,000,000 stock options to a consultant of the Company. The options are exercisable at $0.35 per option for five years with an estimated fair value of $285,300 and vest immediately.

 

granted 750,000 stock options to a consultant of the Company. The options are exercisable at $0.33 per option for two years with an estimated fair value of $150,400 and vest immediately.

 

granted 200,000 stock options to a consultant of the Company. The options are exercisable at $0.31 per option for three years with an estimated fair value of $46,600 and will vest 100% on December 8, 2022. For the year ended March 31, 2022, the Company recorded $3,897 as share-based compensation.

 

Duringthe year ended March 31, 2021, the Company:

 

granted 5,050,000 stock options to directors and consultants of the Company. The options are exercisable at $0.07 per option for five years with an estimated fair value of $325,000 and vest immediately.

 

granted 9,000,000 stock options to directors and consultants of the Company. The options are exercisable at $0.08 per option for five years with an estimated fair value of $635,700 and vest immediately.

 

granted 4,800,000 stock options to consultants of the Company. The options are exercisable at $0.145 per option for five years with an estimated fair value of $799,600 and vest immediately.

 

F-27

 

 

FOREMOST LITHIUM RESOURCE & TECHNOLOGYLTD. (FORMERLY FAR RESOURCES LTD.)

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Expressed in Canadian dollars)

March 31, 2022

 

 

 

10.CAPITAL STOCK AND RESERVES (cont’d…)

 

c)Stock options: (cont’d…)

 

Stockoption transactions for the year ended March 31, 2022 are summarized as follows:

 

Expiry Date  Exercise Price   Balance
March 31,
2021
   Granted   Exercised   Forfeited/
Expired
   Balance
March 31,
2022
   Exercisable 
                             
June 27, 2021  $0.100    250,000            (250,000)        
January 4, 2023  $0.285        5,500,000    (250,000)       5,250,000    5,250,000 
January 17, 2024  $0.120        200,000    (200,000)            
March 1, 2024  $0.330        750,000            750,000    750,000 
March 8, 2025  $0.310        200,000            200,000     
June 12, 2025  $0.070    1,950,000        (1,950,000)            
November 20, 2025  $0.080    6,350,000        (5,950,000)       400,000    400,000 
January 15, 2026  $0.145    3,050,000        (985,000)       2,065,000    2,065,000 
October 21, 2026  $0.105        250,000            250,000    250,000 
November 1, 2026  $0.150        500,000            500,000    500,000 
December 3, 2026  $0.250        300,000            300,000    300,000 
January 17, 2027  $0.410        500,000            500,000    500,000 
February 16, 2027  $0.350        1,000,000            1,000,000    1,000,000 
                                    
Total        11,600,000    9,200,000    (9,335,000)   (250,000)   11,215,000    11,015,000 
                                    
Weighted average exercise price       $0.10   $0.29   $0.09   $0.10   $0.26   $0.25 
                                    
Weighted average remaining life (years)                            2.45      

 

Thefair value of stock options was calculated using the Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following weighted average assumptions:

 

   For the year ended
March 31, 2022
   For the year ended
March 31, 2021
 
         
Fair value per option  $0.15   $0.09 
Exercise price  $0.29   $0.09 
Expected life (years)   2.26    5 
Interest rate   1.16%   0.41%
Annualized volatility (based on historical volatility)   114%   144%
Dividend yield   0.00%   0.00%

 

F-28

 

 

FOREMOST LITHIUM RESOURCE & TECHNOLOGYLTD. (FORMERLY FAR RESOURCES LTD.)

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Expressed in Canadian dollars)

March 31, 2022

 

 

 

10.CAPITAL STOCK AND RESERVES (cont’d…)

 

c)Stock options: (cont’d…)

 

Stockoption transactions for the year ended March 31, 2021 are summarized as follows:

 

Expiry Date  Exercise
Price
   Balance
March 31,
2020
   Granted   Exercised   Forfeited/
Expired
   Balance
March 31,
2021
   Exercisable 
                             
November 16, 2020  $0.050    100,000            (100,000)        
May 18, 2021  $0.130    250,000            (250,000)        
June 27, 2021  $0.100    250,000                250,000    250,000 
October 17, 2021  $0.050    250,000        (250,000)            
February 6, 2022  $0.110    500,000            (500,000)        
January 17, 2024  $0.120    9,000,000            (9,000,000)        
February 5, 2025  $0.050    950,000            (950,000)        
June 12, 2025  $0.070        5,050,000    (2,600,000)   (500,000)   1,950,000    1,950,000 
November 20, 2025  $0.080        9,000,000    (2,650,000)       6,350,000    6,350,000 
January 15, 2026  $0.145        4,800,000    (1,750,000)       3,050,000    3,050,000 
                                    
Total        11,300,000    18,850,000    (7,250,000)   (11,300,000)   11,600,000    11,600,000 
                                    
Weighted average exercise price       $0.11   $0.09   $0.09   $0.11   $0.10   $0.10 
                                    
Weighted average remaining life (years)                            4.52      
                                    

 

d)Performance Stock Options:

 

Duringthe year ended March 31, 2022, the Company granted 750,000 performance-based stock options to a consultant of the Company. Theoptions are exercisable at $0.285 per option for two years with an estimated fair value of $126,297 and will vest 100% when theclosing share price is $0.50 or higher for 3 consecutive trading days. For the year ended March 31, 2022, the Company recorded$Nil as share-based compensation as the fair value will be recorded on a straight-line basis over the life of the performance-basedstock option.

 

Expiry Date  Exercise
Price
   Balance  
March 31,
2021
   Granted   Exercised   Forfeited/
Expired
   Balance
March 31,
2022
   Exercisable 
                             
March 31, 2024  $0.285        750,000            750,000     
                                    
Total            750,000            750,000     
                                    
Weighted average exercise price           $0.29           $0.285     
                                    
Weighted average remaining life (years)                       2.00      

 

Therewas no performance-based stock option activity during the year ended March 31, 2021.

 

F-29

 

 

FOREMOST LITHIUM RESOURCE & TECHNOLOGYLTD. (FORMERLY FAR RESOURCES LTD.)

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Expressed in Canadian dollars)

March 31, 2022

 

 

 

10.CAPITAL STOCK AND RESERVES (cont’d…)

 

d)Performance Stock Options: (cont’d…)

 

Forperformance-based stock options with a market condition, a Monte Carlo simulation model is used to determine the fair value. TheMonte Carlo model utilizes multiple input variables that determine the probability of satisfying the market conditions stipulatedin the award. The expense recognized for performance-based options is based on an estimation of the probability of achieving themarket condition and the timing of the achieving of the market condition, which is difficult to predict. The following assumptionswere used at the time of grant:

 

   For the year ended
March 31, 2022
   For the year ended
March 31, 2021
 
         
Market target price  $0.50     
Share price  $0.30     
Expected life (years)   2     
Interest rate   2.27%    
Annualized volatility (based on historical volatility)   111.2%    

 

e)Performance Share Units:

 

OnJanuary 17, 2022, the Company adopted a performance share unit plan (the “PSU Plan”). The PSU Plan provides for theissuance of up to 17,169,535 restricted share units (the “PSUs”). The PSU Plan is a fixed number plan, and the numberof common shares issued under the PSU Plan, when combined with the number of stock options available under the Company’sstock option plan, will not exceed 10% of the Company’s outstanding common shares. Under the terms of the PSU Plan, theCompany is required to obtain shareholder approval for the PSU Plan within 3 years after its adoption, and at least every threeyears thereafter. Any PSUs issued are subject to a four month hold from date of issue.

 

                 
   Number of PSUs
Outstanding
   Number of PSUs
Redeemable
   Weighted
Average
Grant
Date Fair Value
   Share-based
payment reserve
 
                 
Balance at March 31, 2020 and 2021          $   $ 
PSUs granted   13,999,996        0.297    1,063,622 
PSUs vested       2,500,000    0.355     
PSUs redeemed   (1,500,000)   (1,500,000)   0.355    (532,500)
                     
Balance at March 31, 2022   12,499,996    1,000,000   $0.290   $531,122 

 

OnJanuary 31, 2022, the Company granted 13,999,996 PSUs fair valued at $4,156,210, to certain directors and officers under the Company’sPSU Plan. Of the 13,999,996 PSUs granted. 2,500,000 PSUs vested and became redeemable by the holders, and the remaining 11,499,996PSUs will vest and become redeemable only upon the achievement of certain closing price milestones ranging between $0.50 and $1.75which will expire on January 31, 2025.

 

Ofthe 13,999,996 PSUs granted, 2,500,000 PSUs vested during the year ended March 31, 2022 and the remaining unvested PSUs are vestedstraight line over 3 years. During the year ended March 31, 2022 the Company recognized share-based payment expense of $1,063,622.Of the 2,500,000 PSUs that vested, 1,500,000 were converted to common shares during the year-ended March 31, 2022 and 12,499,996remain issued and 1,000,000 remain redeemable as at March 31, 2022.

 

F-30

 

 

FOREMOST LITHIUM RESOURCE & TECHNOLOGYLTD. (FORMERLY FAR RESOURCES LTD.)

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Expressed in Canadian dollars)

March 31, 2022

 

 

 

10.CAPITAL STOCK AND RESERVES (cont’d…)

 

e)Performance Share Units (cont’d…)

 

Forperformance-based PSUs with a market condition, a Monte Carlo simulation model is used to determine the fair value. The MonteCarlo model utilizes multiple input variables that determine the probability of satisfying the market conditions stipulated inthe award. The expense recognized for performance-based PSUs is based on an estimation of the probability of achieving the marketcondition and the timing of the achieving of the market condition, which is difficult to predict. The following assumptions wereused at the time of grant:

 

   For the year ended
March 31, 2022
   For the year ended
March 31, 2021
 
         
Market target price  $1.19     
Share price  $0.355     
Expected life (years)   3     
Interest rate   1.42%    
Annualized volatility (based on historical volatility)   108%    

 

f)Unit warrants:

 

Duringthe year ended March 31, 2022, the Company issued 4,398,324 unit warrants in connection with private placement financings. Basedon the residual method, no value was allocated to the unit warrants issued. A continuity of the unit warrants granted is as follows:

 

Expiry Date  Exercise
Price
   Balance
March 31,
2021
   Granted   Exercised   Cancelled/
Expired
   Balance
March 31,
2022
 
                         
August 28, 2022  $0.075    5,240,000        (2,551,111)       2,688,889*
August 28, 2022  $0.10    7,285,556        (1,205,556)       6,080,000 
December 15, 2022  $0.10    4,900,000        (3,800,000)       1,100,000 
October 29, 2022  $0.25        2,008,324    (200,000)       1,808,324**
December 2, 2023  $0.13        2,390,000            2,390,000***
                               
Total        17,425,556    4,398,324    (7,756,667)       14,067,213 
                               
Weighted average exercise price       $0.09   $0.18   $0.10   $0.00   $0.12 
                               
Weighted average remaining life (years)                            0.67 

*2,688,889warrants exercised subsequently

**33,600warrants exercised subsequently

***800,000warrants exercised subsequently

 

F-31

 

 

FOREMOST LITHIUM RESOURCE & TECHNOLOGYLTD. (FORMERLY FAR RESOURCES LTD.)

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Expressed in Canadian dollars)

March 31, 2022

 

 

 

10.CAPITAL STOCK AND RESERVES (cont’d…)

 

f)Unit warrants: (cont’d…)

 

Duringthe year ended March 31, 2021, the Company issued 19,923,112 unit warrants in connection with private placement financings. Basedon the residual method, no value was allocated to the unit warrants issued. A continuity of the unit warrants granted is as follows:

 

Expiry Date  Exercise
Price
   Balance
March 31,
2020
   Granted   Exercised   Cancelled/
Expired
   Balance
March 31,
2021
 
                         
June 25, 2022  $0.105    952,380        (952,380)        
August 28, 2022  $0.075        7,461,556    (2,221,556)       5,240,000 
August 28, 2022  $0.10        7,461,556    (176,000)       7,285,556 
December 15, 2022  $0.10        5,000,000    (100,000)       4,900,000 
                               
Total        952,380    19,923,112     -(3,449,936)         17,425,556 
                               
Weighted average exercise price                           $0.09 
                               
Weighted average remaining life (years)                            1.44 

 

g)Agent warrants:

 

Duringthe year ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, the Company did not grant any agent warrants.

 

h)Reserves:

 

Reservescomprise of share-based payments, warrant reserves and PSU reserves.

 

F-32

 

 

FOREMOST LITHIUM RESOURCE & TECHNOLOGYLTD. (FORMERLY FAR RESOURCES LTD.)

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Expressed in Canadian dollars)

March 31, 2022

 

 

 

11.     RELATEDPARTY TRANSACTIONS

 

Relatedparty transactions are as follows:

 

For the year ended March 31, 2022        
Paid or accrued to:  Management fees   Share-based
payments
   Total 
Key management personnel:               
CEO  $50,664   $607,784   $658,448 
CFO   12,000    227,919    239,919 
Director   12,000    227,919    239,919 
Former CEO   158,650        158,650 
Former CFO   141,950        141,950 
   $375,264   $1,063,622   $1,438,886 

 

For the year ended March 31, 2021        
Paid or accrued to:  Management fees   Share-based
payments
   Total 
Key management personnel:               
Former Directors  $18,000   $16,089   $34,089 
Former CEO   5,000    141,267    146,267 
Former CEO   45,000    16,089    61,089 
Former CFO   5,000    141,267    146,267 
   $73,000   $314,712   $387,712 

 

Theamounts due to related parties included in accounts payable and accrued liabilities are as follows:

 

   As at
March 31, 2022
   As at
March 31, 2021
 
Due to CFO  $30   $ 
Due to former CEO       1,461 
Due to former CEO   80,997    80,997 
Due to former CFO       3,808 
Due to former directors of the Company   18,000    18,000 
   $99,027   $104,266 

 

Theamounts due are unsecured, non-interest bearing, and have no specific terms of repayment.

 

12.     SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURES WITH RESPECT TO CASH FLOWS

 

Duringthe year ended March 31, 2022, significant non-cash investing and financing transactions included:

 

a)included in accounts payable and accrued liabilities is $542,221 related to exploration and evaluation assets.

 

b)issued 809,701 common shares with a fair value of $94,963 for the acquisition of exploration and evaluation assets.

 

c)issued 9,335,000 common shares upon exercise of options resulting in a reallocation of share-based reserves of $761,273 from reserves to share capital.

 

d)issued 408,884 common shares with a fair value of $42,933 for the services.

 

e)issued 1,000,000 common shares with a fair value of $380,000 to settle $279,644 of debt with a non-related party.

 

F-33

 

 

FOREMOST LITHIUM RESOURCE & TECHNOLOGYLTD. (FORMERLY FAR RESOURCES LTD.)

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Expressed in Canadian dollars)

March 31, 2022

 

 

 

12.     SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURES WITH RESPECT TO CASH FLOWS (cont’d…)

 

f)issued 1,500,000 common shares pursuant to PSU redemption resulting in a reallocation of share-based reserves of $532,500 from reserves to share capital.

 

Duringthe year ended March 31, 2021, significant non-cash investing and financing transactions included:

 

a) included in accounts payable and accrued liabilities is $601,122 (as restated – Note 17) related to exploration and evaluation assets.

 

b)issued 515,474 common shares with a fair value of $50,000 for the acquisition of exploration and evaluation assets.

 

c)issued 7,250,000 common shares upon exercise of options resulting in a reallocation of share-based reserves of $661,409 from reserves to share capital.

 

13.     SEGMENTEDINFORMATION

 

TheCompany primarily operates in one reportable operating segment, being the acquisition and exploration of exploration and evaluationassets. Geographic information is as follows:

 

   March 31,
2022
   March 31,
2021
(as restated –
Note 17)
 
Exploration and evaluation assets           
Canada   $ 5,746,320    $ 4,967,863  
United States     1,444,802      1,295,789  
   $ 7,191,122    $ 6,263,652  

 

14.     FINANCIALRISK MANAGEMENT

 

Capitalmanagement

 

TheCompany’s objective when managing capital is to safeguard the entity’s ability to continue as a going concern. Inthe management of capital, the Company monitors its adjusted capital which comprises all components of equity (i.e. capital stock,reserves and deficit).

 

TheCompany sets the amount of capital in proportion to risk. The Company manages the capital structure and makes adjustments to itin the light of changes in economic conditions and the risk characteristics of the underlying assets. In order to maintain oradjust the capital structure, the Company may issue common shares through private placements. The Company is not exposed to anyexternally imposed capital requirements. The Company’s overall strategy remains unchanged from fiscal year 2021.

 

Fairvalue

 

Fairvalue estimates of financial instruments are made at a specific point in time, based on relevant information about financial marketsand specific financial instruments. As these estimates are subjective in nature, involving uncertainties and matters of significantjudgment, they cannot be determined with precision. Changes in assumptions can significantly affect estimated fair values.

 

Financialinstruments measured at fair value are classified into one of three levels in the fair value hierarchy according to the relativereliability of the inputs used to estimate the fair values. The three levels of the fair value hierarchy are:

 

F-34

 

 

FOREMOST LITHIUM RESOURCE & TECHNOLOGYLTD. (FORMERLY FAR RESOURCES LTD.)

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Expressed in Canadian dollars)

March 31, 2022

 

 

 

14.     FINANCIALRISK MANAGEMENT (cont’d…)

 

Level1 – Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities; 

Level2 – Inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability either directly or indirectly; and 

Level3 – Inputs that are not based on observable market data.

 

Thefair value of the Company’s long-term investment constitutes a Level 1 fair value measurement.

 

Thecarrying value of cash, accounts payable and accrued liabilities, current portion of net investment in sublease, lease obligation,short-term loans payable and long-term loans payable approximate their fair value because of the short-term nature of these instruments.

 

Financialrisk factors

 

TheCompany’s risk exposures and the impact on the Company’s financial instruments are summarized below:

 

Creditrisk

 

Creditrisk is the risk of loss associated with a counterparty’s inability to fulfill its payment obligations. Financial instrumentsthat potentially subject the Company to a significant concentration of credit risk consist primarily of cash and net investmentin sublease. The Company limits its exposure to credit loss by placing its cash with major Canadian financial institutions andmonitors the incoming sublease monthly payments to ensure they are current.

 

Liquidityrisk

 

TheCompany’s approach to managing liquidity risk is to ensure that it will have sufficient liquidity to meet liabilities whendue. As at March 31, 2022, the Company had a cash balance of $235,455 (2021 – $392,213) to settle current liabilities of$1,101,946 (2021 - $1,038,725 (as restated – Note 17)). All of the Company’s financial liabilities except lease obligationhave contractual maturities of 30 days or are due on demand and are subject to normal trade terms. The Company is exposed to liquidityrisk and is dependent on obtaining regular financings in order to continue as a going concern. Despite previous success in acquiringthese financings, there is no guarantee of obtaining future financings.

 

Marketrisk

 

Marketrisk is the risk of loss that may arise from changes in market factors such as interest rates, foreign exchange rates, and commodityand equity prices.

 

a)       Interestrate risk

 

TheCompany has cash balances and no interest-bearing debt. The Company’s cash does not have significant exposure to interestrate risk.

 

b)       Foreigncurrency risk

 

TheCompany is exposed to foreign currency risk on fluctuations related to cash, accounts payable and accrued liabilities, and optionagreement payments that are denominated in a foreign currency. There is a risk in the exchange rate of the Canadian dollar relativeto the US dollar and a significant change in this rate could have an effect on the Company’s results of operations, financialposition or cash flows. The Company has not hedged its exposure to currency fluctuations.

 

c)       Pricerisk

 

TheCompany is exposed to price risk with respect to commodity and equity prices. Equity price risk is defined as the potential adverseimpact on the Company’s earnings due to movements in individual equity prices or general movements in the level of the stockmarket. Commodity price risk is defined as the potential adverse impact on earnings and economic value due to commodity pricemovements and volatilities. The Company closely monitors commodity prices of gold and lithium, individual equity movements, andthe stock market to determine the appropriate course of action to be taken by the Company.

 

F-35

 

 

FOREMOST LITHIUM RESOURCE & TECHNOLOGYLTD. (FORMERLY FAR RESOURCES LTD.)

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Expressed in Canadian dollars)

March 31, 2022

 

 

 

15.     INCOMETAXES

 

Theactual income tax provisions differ from the expected amounts calculated by applying the Canadian combined federal and provincialcorporate income tax rates to the Company’s loss before income taxes. The components of these differences are as follows:

 

         
   2022   2021 
         
Loss before taxes for the year  $(4,150,922)  $(2,612,308)
Canadian federal and provincial income tax rates   27%   27%
           
Expected income tax recovery based on the above rates  $(1,120,749)  $(705,323)
Non-deductible items   699,278    482,643 
Tax benefit not realized   421,471    222,680 
Deferred income tax recovery  $   $ 

 

Thesignificant components of the Company’s deferred income tax assets and liabilities, using a Canadian basic statutory rateof 27% (2021 – 27%) are as follows:

 

         
   March 31,
2022
   March 31,
2021
 
         
Non-capital losses  $3,015,000   $2,206,000 
Cumulative exploration and development expenses   (209,000)   274,000 
Share issuance costs and others   6,000    8,000 
           
    2,812,000    2,488,000 
Unrecognized deferred tax assets   (2,812,000)   (2,488,000)
           
Net deferred tax assets  $   $ 

 

AtMarch 31, 2022, the Company has accumulated non-capital losses of approximately $11,165,000 (2021 - $8,172,000) which may be availableto offset future income for Canadian income tax purposes which expire over the next twenty years. These losses, if not utilized,will expire through to 2042. In addition, there are resource-related expenditures of approximately $6,416,000 (2021 - $7,277,000)which may be used to offset future taxable income indefinitely, subject to annual rates prescribed by the Canadian Income TaxAct. Deferred tax benefits, which may arise as a result of these losses, have not been recognized in these consolidated financialstatements as it is not probable that the Company will generate future taxable income against which to utilize the temporary differences.

 

16.     CONTINGENCIES

 

Duringthe year, the Company filed a claim against certain previous directors of the Company for wrongful transfer of funds in the amountof $157,185 for alleged deferred compensation to these directors. As a result of the claim, the amounts were garnished and arebeing held by the courts until further order of the court.

 

F-36

 

 

FOREMOST LITHIUM RESOURCE & TECHNOLOGYLTD. (FORMERLY FAR RESOURCES LTD.)

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Expressed in Canadian dollars)

March 31, 2022

 

 

 

16.     CONTINGENCIES(cont’d…)

 

Theprevious directors have also filed a counter claim against the Company, alleging that they are entitled to the compensation thathas been garnished and being held in escrow, and are also entitled to termination or change of control clauses as per their allegedmanagement agreements. The alleged management agreements would entitle each of the two directors to 12 months compensation inlieu of notice to termination without cause or 24 months of compensation if their agreements were terminated and within 6 monthsof a change of control of the Company, which includes a change in power to elect a majority of the board of directors or otherwisedirect the management of the Company through proxies, voting agreements, or otherwise. Per the counter claim, the management agreementcontaining these clauses had allegedly been executed during the year prior to their dismissal and the change in control. The Companyis currently in the process of working with legal counsel to respond to the counter claim. At this time the probability and amountsof any potential loss resulting from such claims is not determinable and no amounts have been accrued for any potential liabilityresulting from this in these consolidated financial statements.

 

Wedetermine whether an estimated loss from a contingency should be accrued by assessing whether a loss is deemed probable and canbe reasonably estimated. We assess our potential liability by analyzing our litigation and regulatory matters using availableinformation. We develop our views on estimated losses in consultation with outside counsel handling our defense in these matters,which involves an analysis of potential results, assuming a combination of litigation and settlement strategies. Should developmentsin any of these matters cause a change in our determination as to an unfavorable outcome and result in the need to recognize amaterial accrual or should any of these matters result in a final adverse judgment or be settled for significant amounts, theycould have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, cash flows and financial position in the period or periodsin which such change in determination, judgment or settlement occurs.

 

 

F-37

 

 

FOREMOST LITHIUM RESOURCE & TECHNOLOGYLTD. (FORMERLY FAR RESOURCES LTD.)

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Expressed in Canadian dollars)

March 31, 2022

 

 

 

17.     SUBSEQUENTEVENTS

 

Subsequentto the year ended March 31, 2022, the Company

 

i)issued 3,522,489 common shares upon exercise of warrants for gross proceeds of $314,067.

 

ii)entered into an option agreement to acquire a 100% interest in the MB3530 claim in the Snow Lake area in Manitoba. To earn the interest, the Company paid $8,000 and issued 18,181 common shares. The property is subject to a 2% NSR.

 

iii)entered into an option agreement to acquire a 100% interest in the Peg North claims located in the historic Snow Lake mining district in Manitoba. To earn the interest, the Company will pay $750,000 in cash (paid $100,000) and $750,000 in shares (issued 526,316 shares valued at $100,000) and incur $3,000,000 of exploration expenditures. The property is subject to a 2% NSR for which the Company can make a one-time $1,500,000 payment to re-purchase 1% of the NSR once 100% interest has been achieved.

 

iv)closed a non-brokered private placement of 4,887,668 flow-through common shares at $0.34 per common shares for gross proceeds of $1,661,807. Cash finder’s fees of $98,000 were paid on the financings and the Company issued 288,235 share purchase finders warrants. Each finders warrant entitles the holder to purchase one common share at a price of $0.20 for a two-year period.

 

v)entered into a loan agreement to borrow $1,145,520, inclusive of a prior advance of $145,520 (“Initial Advance”) included in accounts payable and accrued liabilities. The loan accrues interest at a rate of 8.35%, payable monthly, including an aggregate of $5,134 accrued to date on the Initial Advance, and matures on May 10, 2023.

 

vi)granted 2,000,000 PSUs, to an officer under the Company’s PSU Plan. The PSUs will vest and become redeemable only upon the achievement of certain closing price milestones ranging between $0.50 and $1.75 which will expire on April 12, 2025.

 

NOTE:GST is a Canadian commodity tax which is refundable by the Canada Revenue Agency. The company received a refund cheque from CanadaRevenue Agency quarterly. The GST amount in not material thus does not warrant additional disclosure.

  

F-38

 

 

FOREMOST LITHIUM RESOURCE & TECHNOLOGY LTD.

CONDENSED INTERIM CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTSOF FINANCIAL POSITION

(Unaudited– Prepared by Management)

(Expressed in Canadian dollars) 

    Note    

As at

December 31,

2022

   

As At

March 31,

2022

 
                   
ASSETS                      
                       
Current assets                      
Cash         $ 2,312,446     $ 235,455  
GST receivable           113,114       85,891  
Accounts receivable           289       -  
Prepaid expenses and deposits           98,139       55,948  
Net investment in sublease   5       46,515       56,823  
                       
Total current assets           2,570,503       434,117  
                       
Non-current assets                      
Prepaid expenses and deposits           186,754       253,302  
Long-term investment   4       4,000       8,000  
Exploration and evaluation assets   6       10,769,379       7,191,122  
Net investment in sublease   5       -       31,537  
                       
Total assets         $ 13,530,636     $ 7,918,078  
                       
LIABILITIES AND EQUITY                      
                       
Current liabilities                      
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities   7, 11     $ 1,278,468     $ 1,032,492  
Flow-through premium   10       244,497       -  
Short-term loans payable   8       1,227,630       7,500  
Lease obligation   5       50,717       61,954  
Loans payable   9       40,000       -  
                       
Total current liabilities           2,841,312       1,101,946  
                       
Long-term loans payable   9       -       40,000  
Lease obligation – long-term   5       -       34,386  
                       
Total liabilities           2,841,312       1,176,332  
                       
Equity                      
Capital stock   10       26,394,531       24,164,441  
Reserves   10       2,798,408       2,294,394  
Deficit           (18,503,615 )     (19,717,089 )
                       
Total equity           10,689,324       6,741,746  
                       
Total liabilities and equity         $ 13,530,636     $ 7,918,078  

 

Nature and continuance of operations (Note 1)

Contingencies (Note 15)

Subsequent event (Note16)

 

Approved and authorized on behalf of the Board on March 1, 2023:
       
“Jason Barnard” Director “Andrew Lyons” Director
Jason Barnard   Andrew Lyons  

 

The accompanying notes are an integralpart of these condensed interim consolidated financial statements.

 

F-39

 

 

FOREMOST LITHIUM RESOURCE & TECHNOLOGY LTD.  

CONDENSED INTERIM CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTSOF INCOME (LOSS) AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)

(Unaudited– Prepared by Management)

(Expressed in Canadian dollars)  

      

For the three-month period

Ended December 31,

  

For the nine-month period

Ended December 31,

 
                     
   Note      2022      2021      2022      2021  
                         
EXPENSES                         
Consulting       $ 66,514    $ 52,434    $ 295,023    $ 142,801  
Investor relations and promotion         51,770      137,434      147,989      221,437  
Management and director fees   11      189,000      213,179      270,569      313,379  
Office and interest expense   8      27,042      94,061      160,535      114,602  
Professional fees         676,854      143,049      1,191,029      206,660  
Share-based payments   10,11      776,916      149,200      1,316,890      149,200  
Transfer agent and filing fees         22,632      28,627      51,667      44,618  
Travel         3,401      8,813      22,288      20,282  
                         
Loss before other items         (1,814,129 )     (826,797 )     (3,455,990 )     (1,212,979 )
                         
OTHER ITEMS                         
Finance income on sublease   5      1,872      3,849      7,432      12,918  
Foreign exchange         472      (114 )     (28,105 )     (2,570 )
Forgiveness of debt         -      -      -      6,697  
Gain on sublease         1,481      1,481      4,444      4,443  
Gain on sale of property   6      3,500,000      -      3,500,000      -  
Recovery of flow-through premium liability   10      464,532      -      610,845      -  
Other income         -      75,000      -      75,000  
Unrealized loss on marketable securities         -      -      (4,000 )     -  
                         
Income (loss) and comprehensive income (loss) for the period       $ 2,154,228    $ (746,581 )   $ 634,626    $ (1,116,491 )
                         
Basic income (loss) per common share       $ 0.01    $ (0.00 )   $ 0.00    $ (0.01 )
Diluted income (loss) per common share       $ 0.01    $ (0.00 )   $ 0.00    $ (0.01 )
                         
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding – pre dilution         197,184,096      163,727,870      189,645,891      159,803,173  
                         
Dilutive effect - options         3,981,592      -      5,179,924      -  
Dilutive effect - warrants         314,262      -      592,571      -  
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding – post dilution         201,479,950      163,727,870      195,418,386      159,803,173  

 

Theaccompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed interim consolidated financial statements.

 

F-40

 

 

FOREMOST LITHIUMRESOURCE & TECHNOLOGY LTD.  

CONDENSED INTERIM CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTSOF CASH FLOWS 

(Unaudited– Prepared by Management)

(Expressed in Canadian dollars) 

FOR THE NINE MONTH PERIOD ENDED DECEMBER 31,

   2022    2021  
         
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES           
Income (loss) and comprehensive income (loss) for the period   $ 634,626    $ (1,116,491 )
Items not involving cash:           
Share-based payments     1,316,890      149,200  
Interest expense     14,990      14,075  
Recovery flow-through premium liability     (610,845 )     -  
Finance income on sublease     (7,432 )     (12,918 )
Gain on sale of property     (3,500,000 )     -  
Unrealized loss on marketable securities     4,000      -  
           
Changes in non-cash working capital items:           
GST receivable     (27,223 )     (5,289 )
Accounts receivable     (289 )     -  
Prepaid expenses and deposits     24,357      (35,715 )
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities     49,573      237,560  
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities     ‌(2,101,353)      (769,578 )
           
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES           
Sale of property     3,500,000      -  
Exploration and evaluation expenditures     (3,261,683 )     (548,688 )
Exploration and evaluation recoveries     100,000      -  
Net cash provided by investing activities     ‌338,317      (548,688 )
           
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES           
Private placements     1,661,807      592,365  
Share issue costs     (99,624 )     (1,785 )
Exercise of warrants     1,059,017      460,833  
Exercise of options     77,750      299,500  
Short-term loan received     1,145,520      -  
Repayment of lease obligation     (53,720 )     (53,720 )
Receipt of sublease payments     49,277      49,276  
Net cash provided by financing activities     3,840,027      1,346,469  
           
Change in cash for the period     2,076,991      28,203  
           
Cash, beginning of the period     235,455      392,213  
           
Cash, end of period   $ 2,312,446    $ 420,416  
           
Cash received during the period for interest   $ -    $ -  

Supplemental disclosures with respect to cash flow (Note12)

 

Theaccompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed interim consolidated financial statements.

 

F-41

 

 

FOREMOST LITHIUM RESOURCE & TECHNOLOGY LTD.  

CONDENSED INTERIM CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTSOF CHANGES IN EQUITY 

(Unaudited– Prepared by Management)

(Expressed in Canadian dollars) 

   Capital stock                      
     Shares      Amount     

Subscriptions

received
in advance

     Reserves      Deficit      Total equity  
Balance, March 31, 2021     155,217,334    $ 20,169,728    $ 40,000    $ 1,140,567    $ (15,600,786 )   $ 5,749,509  
                               
Acquisition of exploration and evaluation assets     809,701      94,963      -      -      -      94,963  
Private placement     4,398,324      592,365      -      -      -      592,365  
Share issuance costs     -      (1,785 )     -      -      -      (1,785 )
Share issued – options exercised     3,750,000      563,692      -      (264,192 )     -      299,500  
Share issued – warrants exercised     5,311,111      500,833      (40,000 )     -      -      460,833  
Share issued for services     408,884      42,933      -      -      -      42,933  
Share-based payments     -      -      -      149,200      -      149,200  
Options cancelled     -      -      -      (24,183 )     24,183      -  
Loss for the period     -      -      -      -      (1,116,491 )     (1,116,491 )
                               
Balance, December 31, 2021     169,895,354    $ 21,962,729    $ -    $ 1,001,392    $ (16,693,094 )   $ 6,271,027  
                               
Balance, March 31, 2022     180,425,910    $ 24,164,441    $ -    $ 2,294,394    $ (19,717,089 )   $ 6,741,746  
                               
Acquisition of exploration and evaluation assets     879,732      152,454      -      -      -      152,454  
Private placement     4,887,668      1,661,807      -      -      -      1,661,807  
Flow-through premium     -      (855,342 )     -      -      -      (855,342 )
Share issuance costs     -      (99,624 )     -      -      -      (99,624 )
Share issuance costs – warrants     -      (22,000 )     -      22,000      -      -  
Share issued – options exercised     650,000      156,278      -      (78,528 )     -      77,750  
Share issued – warrants exercised     10,637,489      1,059,017      -      -      -      1,059,017  
Share issued – PSU redeemed     500,000      177,500      -      (177,500 )     -      -  
Share-based payments     -      -      -      1,316,890      -      1,316,890  
Options cancelled     -      -      -      (61,600 )     61,600      -  
PSU cancelled     -      -      -      (517,248 )     517,248      517,248  
Income for the period     -      -      -      -      634,626      634,626  
                               
Balance, December 31, 2022     197,980,799    $ 26,394,531    $ -    $ 2,798,408    $ (18,503,615 )   $ 10,689,324  

 

Theaccompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed interim consolidated financial statements.

 

F-42

 

 

FOREMOSTLITHIUM RESOURCE & TECHNOLOGY LTD.  

NOTESTO THE CONDENSED INTERIM CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited– Prepared by Management)

(Expressedin Canadian dollars)

December 31, 2022

  

1.NATURE AND CONTINUANCE OF OPERATIONS

 

ForemostLithium Resource & Technology Ltd. (the “Company”) which was incorporated under the laws of the Province of BritishColumbia, is a public company listed on the Canadian Securities Exchange (the “CSE”) and trades under the symbol FAT.The Company’s head office is located at 2500 – 700 West Georgia Street, Vancouver, BC, V7Y 1K8. The Company’sregistered and records office is located at 2500 – 700 West Georgia Street, Vancouver, BC, V7Y 1K8.

  

On January 4, 2022, the Companychanged its name to Foremost Lithium Resource & Technology Ltd.

 

On February 14, 2022, the Company begantrading on the OTCQB Venture Market under United States under the symbol FRRSF.

 

The Company is an exploration companyfocused on the identification and development of high potential mineral opportunities in stable jurisdictions.

 

Going concern of operations

 

Thesecondensed interim consolidated financial statements have been prepared on a going concern basis which assumes that the Companywill be able to realize its assets and discharge its liabilities in the normal course of business for the foreseeable future.As at December 31, 2022, the Company has had significant losses. In addition, the Company has not generated revenues from operations.The Company has financed its operations primarily through the issuance of common shares and short-term loans. The Company continuesto seek capital through various means including the issuance of equity and/or debt. These circumstances cast significant doubtas to the ability of the Company to meet its obligations as they come due, and accordingly, the appropriateness of the use ofaccounting principles applicable to a going concern. These condensed interim consolidated financial statements do not includeadjustments to amounts and classifications of assets and liabilities that might be necessary should the Company be unable to continueoperations.

 

In March 2020, there was a global pandemicoutbreak of COVID-19. The actual and threatened spread of the virus globally has had a material adverse effect on the global economyand specifically, the regional economies in which the Company operates. The pandemic could result in delays in the course of business,including potential delays to its business plans and activities, and continue to have a negative impact on the stock market, includingtrading prices of the Company’s shares and its ability to raise new capital. These material uncertainties raise substantialdoubt upon the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern and realize its assets and settle its liabilities and commitmentsin the normal course of business.

 

The Company’s business financialcondition and results of operations may be further negatively affected by economic and other consequences from Russia’smilitary action against Ukraine and the sanctions imposed in response to that action in late February 2022. While the Companyexpects any direct impacts, of the pandemic and the war in the Ukraine, to the business to be limited, the indirect impacts onthe economy and on the mining industry and other industries in general could negatively affect the business and may make it moredifficult for it to raise equity or debt financing. There can be no assurance that the Company will not be impacted by adverseconsequences that may be brought about on its business, results of operations, financial position and cash flows in the future.

 

In order to continue as a going concernand to meet its corporate objectives, the Company will require additional financing through debt or equity issuances or otheravailable means. Although the Company has been successful in the past in obtaining financing, there is no assurance that it willbe able to obtain adequate financing in the future or that such financing will be on terms advantageous to the Company.

 

F-43

 

 

FOREMOST LITHIUM RESOURCE & TECHNOLOGY LTD.  

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED INTERIM CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited – Prepared by Management)

(Expressed in Canadian dollars)

December 31, 2022

 

2.BASIS OF PREPARATION

 

Statement of compliance

 

Thesecondensed interim consolidated financial statements, including comparatives, have been prepared in accordance with IAS 34, InterimFinancial Reporting (“IAS 34”), as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (“IASB”) andinterpretations issued by the IFRS Interpretations Committee (IFRICs). Accordingly, they do not include all of the informationrequired for full annual financial statements by International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRS”) for completefinancial statements for year-end reporting purposes. These condensed interim consolidated financial statements should be readin conjunction with the Company’s audited financial statements for the year ended March 31, 2022, which have been preparedin accordance with IFRS. The condensed interim consolidated financial statements are presented in Canadian dollars, which is alsothe Company’s functional currency.

 

Basis of measurement

 

These condensed interim consolidatedfinancial statements have been prepared on a historical cost basis, except for financial instruments classified as fair valuethrough profit or loss which are stated at their fair value. In addition, these financial statements have been prepared usingthe accrual basis of accounting except for cash flow information.

 

Basis of consolidation

 

Thecondensed interim consolidated financial statements include the financial statements of Foremost Lithium Resource & TechnologyLtd. and its subsidiaries, Sierra Gold & Silver Ltd. and Sequoia Gold & Silver Ltd.

Name of Subsidiary Country of Incorporation Principal Activity

Proportion of Ownership Interest

 

      December 31, 2022 March 31, 2022
Sierra Gold & Silver Ltd. USA Holding Company 100% 100%
Sequoia Gold & Silver Ltd. Canada Holding Company 100% 100%

All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated.

 

3.SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

 

Use of estimates and judgments

 

The preparation of these condensed interim consolidatedfinancial statements in conformity with IFRS requires management to make judgments and estimates and form assumptions that affectthe reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and reported amounts of revenues and expensesduring the reporting periods. On an ongoing basis, management evaluates its judgments and estimates in relation to assets, liabilities,revenue and expenses. Management uses historical experience and various other factors it believes to be reasonable under the givencircumstances as the basis for its judgments and estimates. Actual outcomes may differ from these estimates.

 

Significant accounting judgments

 

Significant accounting judgments thatmanagement has made in the process of applying accounting policies and that have the most significant effect on the amounts recognizedin the consolidated financial statements include, but are not limited to, the following:

 

i)Assessment of any indicators of impairment of the carrying value of the Company’s exploration and evaluation assets;

 

ii)The ability of the Company to continue as a going concern; and

 

F-44

 

 

FOREMOST LITHIUM RESOURCE & TECHNOLOGY LTD.  

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED INTERIM CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited – Prepared by Management)

(Expressed in Canadian dollars)

December 31, 2022

 

3.SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (cont’d...)

 

Use of estimates and judgments (cont’d...)

 

iii)Contingencies by their nature, will only be resolved when one or more future events occur or fail to occur. The assessment of contingencies inherently involves the exercise of significant judgment and estimates of the outcome of future events. The Company is involved in certain legal claims as described in note 15, and the likelihood or outcomes of these claims involves the exercise of significant judgement.

 

Critical accounting estimates

 

Key assumptions concerning the future and other key sourcesof estimation uncertainty that have a significant risk of resulting in a material adjustment to the carrying amount of assetsand liabilities within the next financial year include, but are not limited to, the following:

 

Cash and cash equivalents

 

Cash and cash equivalents are comprised of cash on handand cash equivalents. Cash equivalents are short-term, highly liquid holdings that are readily convertible to known amounts ofcash and which are subject to an insignificant risk of change in value. The Company does not currently hold any cash equivalents.

 

Foreign currency translation

 

The functional currency for the Company and its subsidiariesis the currency of the primary economic environment in which the entity operates. Transactions in foreign currencies are translatedto the functional currency of the entity at the exchange rate in existence at the date of the transaction. Monetary assets andliabilities denominated in foreign currencies at the reporting date are retranslated at the period end date exchange rates.

 

The functional currency of the parent entity and SequoiaGold & Silver Ltd. is the Canadian dollar, which is also the presentation currency of our consolidated financial statements.The functional currency of Sierra Gold & Silver Ltd. is the United States dollar.

 

Foreign operations are translated from their functionalcurrencies into Canadian dollars on consolidation as follows:

 

(i)          Assetsand liabilities for each statement of financial position presented are translated at the closing rate at the date of the statementof financial position;

 

(ii)          Incomeand expenses for each statement of comprehensive income (loss) are translated at the average exchange rate for the period; and

 

(iii)         Allresulting exchange differences are recognized in other comprehensive income (loss) as cumulative translation adjustments.

 

Exchange differences that arise relating to long-term intercompanybalances that form part of the net investment in a foreign operation are also recognized in a separate component of equity throughother comprehensive income (loss).

 

On disposition or partial disposition of a foreign operation,the cumulative amount of related exchange differences recorded in this separate component of equity is recognized in profit orloss.

 

Government grants

 

Government grants are recognized when there is reasonableassurance that the grant will be received and all attached conditions will be complied with. When the grant relates to an expenseitem, it is recognized as income on a systematic basis over the period the expense costs, for which it is intended to compensate,are expensed. When the grant relates to an asset, the cost of the asset is reduced by the amount of the grant and the grant isrecognized as a reduced depreciation expense over the expected useful life of the asset.

 

F-45

 

 

FOREMOST LITHIUM RESOURCE & TECHNOLOGY LTD.  

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED INTERIM CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited – Prepared by Management)

(Expressed in Canadian dollars)

December 31, 2022

 

3.SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (cont’d...)

 

Mineral properties – exploration and evaluationassets

 

Pre-exploration costs

 

Pre-exploration costs are expensed in the year in whichthey are incurred.

 

Exploration and evaluation expenditures

 

Once the legal right to explore a property has been acquired,all costs related to the acquisition, exploration and evaluation of the property are capitalized. These direct expenditures includesuch costs as materials used, surveying costs, drilling costs, payments made to contractors, and depreciation on plant and equipmentduring the exploration phase. Costs not directly attributable to exploration and evaluation activities, including general administrativeoverhead costs, are expensed in the period in which they occur.

 

When a project is deemed to no longer have commerciallyviable prospects to the Company, exploration and evaluation expenditures in respect of that project are deemed to be impaired.As a result, those exploration and evaluation expenditure costs, in excess of estimated recoveries, are written off to profitor loss.

 

The Company assesses exploration and evaluation assets forimpairment when facts and circumstances suggest that the carrying amount of an asset may exceed its recoverable amount.

 

Once the technical feasibility and commercial viabilityof extracting the mineral resource has been determined, the property is considered to be a mine under development and is classifiedas “mines under construction”. Exploration and evaluation assets are tested for impairment before the assets are transferredto development properties.

 

As the Company currently has no operational income, anyincidental revenues earned in connection with exploration activities are applied as a reduction to capitalized exploration costs.

 

Exploration and evaluation assets are classified as intangibleassets.

 

The Company enters into farm-out arrangements, whereby theCompany will transfer part of a mineral interest, as consideration, for an agreement by the transferee to meet certain explorationand evaluation expenditures which would have otherwise been undertaken by the Company. The Company does not record any expendituresmade by the farmee on its behalf. Any cash or other consideration received from the agreement is credited against the costs previouslycapitalized to the mineral interest given up by the Company, with any excess consideration accounted for as a gain on disposal.

 

The Company accounts for mining tax credits on a cash basisand are applied as a reduction to capitalized exploration costs.

 

Provision for environmental rehabilitation

 

The Company recognizes liabilities for legal or constructiveobligations associated with the retirement of exploration and evaluation assets and equipment. The net present value of futurerehabilitation costs is capitalized to the related asset along with a corresponding increase in the rehabilitation provision inthe period incurred. Discount rates using a pre-tax rate that reflect the time value of money are used to calculate the net presentvalue.

 

The Company’s estimates of reclamation costs couldchange as a result of changes in regulatory requirements, discount rates and assumptions regarding the amount and timing of thefuture expenditures. These changes are recorded directly to the related assets with a corresponding entry to the rehabilitationprovision.

 

Decommissioning obligations:

 

The Company’s activities may give rise to dismantling,decommissioning and site disturbance re-mediation activities. A provision is made for the estimated cost of site restoration andcapitalized in the relevant asset category.

 

Decommissioning obligations are measured at the presentvalue of management’s best estimate of the expenditure required to settle the present obligation at the reporting date.Subsequent to the initial measurement, the obligation is adjusted at the end of each period to reflect the passage of time andchanges in the estimated future cash flows underlying the obligation. The increase in the provision due to the passage of timeis recognized as finance costs whereas increases due to changes in the estimated future cash flows are capitalized. Actual costsincurred upon settlement of the decommissioning obligations are charged against the provision to the extent the provision wasestablished.

 

F-46

 

 

FOREMOST LITHIUM RESOURCE & TECHNOLOGY LTD.  

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED INTERIM CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited – Prepared by Management)

(Expressed in Canadian dollars)

December 31, 2022

 

3.SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (cont’d...)

 

Contingencies

 

A contingent liability is a possible obligation, and a contingentasset is a possible asset, that arises from past events and whose existence will be confirmed only by the occurrence or non-occurrenceof one or more uncertain future events not wholly within the control of the Company. A contingent liability may also be a presentobligation that arises from past events that is not recognized because it is not probable that an outflow of economic resourceswill be required to settle the obligation or the amount of the obligation cannot be measured reliably.

 

Impairment of non-financial assets

 

At the end of each reporting period the carrying amounts ofthe Company’s long-lived assets, including mineral property interests, are reviewed to determine whether there is any indicationthat those assets are impaired. If any such indication exists, the recoverable amount of the asset is estimated in order to determinethe extent of the impairment, if any. The recoverable amount is the higher of fair value less costs to sell and value in use.Fair value is determined as the amount that would be obtained from the sale of the asset in an arm’s length transactionbetween knowledgeable and willing parties. In assessing value in use, the estimated future cash flows are discounted to theirpresent value using a discount rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specificto the asset. If the recoverable amount of an asset is estimated to be less than its carrying amount, the carrying amount of theasset is reduced to its recoverable amount and the impairment loss is recognized in the profit or loss for the period. For anasset that does not generate largely independent cash inflows, the recoverable amount is determined for the cash generating unitto which the asset belongs. Where an impairment loss subsequently reverses, the carrying amount of the asset (or cash generatingunit) is increased to the revised estimate of its recoverable amount, but to an amount that does not exceed the carrying amountthat would have been determined had no impairment loss been recognized for the asset (or cash-generating unit) in prior years.A reversal of an impairment loss is recognized immediately in profit or loss.

 

Financial instruments

 

IFRS 9 uses a single approach to determine whether a financialasset is classified and measured at amortized cost or fair value. The approach in IFRS 9 is based on how an entity manages itsfinancial instruments and the contractual cash flows characteristics of the financial asset.

 

The classification of debt instruments is driven by thebusiness model for managing the financial assets and their contractual cash flow characteristics. Debt instruments are measuredat amortized cost if the business model is to hold the instrument for collection of contractual cash flows and those cash flowsare solely principal and interest.

 

If the business model is not to hold the debt instrument,it is classified as fair value through profit or loss (“FVTPL”). Financial assets with embedded derivatives are consideredin their entirety when determining whether their cash flows are solely payments of principal and interest.

 

The Company classifies its financial assets into one ofthe categories described below, depending on the purpose for which the asset was acquired. Management determines the classificationof its financial assets at initial recognition.

 

Equity instruments that are held for trading (includingall equity derivative instruments) are classified as FVTPL, for other equity instruments, on the day of acquisition the Companycan make an irrevocable election (on an instrument-by-instrument basis) to designate them as at fair value through other comprehensiveincome (“FVTOCI”).

 

Fair value through profit or loss (“FVTPL”)– Financial assets carried at FVTPL are initially recorded at fair value and transaction costs are expensed in the statementof loss. Realized and unrealized gains and losses arising from changes in the fair value of the financial asset held at FVTPLare included in the statement of loss in the period in which they arise. Derivatives are also categorized as FVTPL unless theyare designated as hedges.

 

Fair value through other comprehensive income (“FVTOCI”)- Investments in equity instruments at FVTOCI are initially recognized at fair value plus transaction costs. Subsequently, theyare measured at fair value, with gains and losses arising from changes in fair value recognized in other comprehensive income.There is no subsequent reclassification of fair value gains and losses to profit or loss following the derecognition of the investment.

 

Financialassets at amortized cost - A financial asset is measured at amortized cost using the effective interest method if the objectiveof the business model is to hold the financial asset for the collection of contractual cash flows, and the asset’s contractualcash flows are comprised solely of payments of principal and interest. They are classified as current assets or non-current assetsbased on their maturity date and are initially recognized at fair value and subsequently carried at amortized cost less any impairment.

 

F-47

 

 

FOREMOST LITHIUM RESOURCE & TECHNOLOGY LTD.  

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED INTERIM CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited – Prepared by Management)

(Expressed in Canadian dollars)

December 31, 2022

 

3.SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (cont’d...)

 

Financialinstruments (cont’d...) 

 

The following table shows the classification and measurementof the Company’s financial instruments under IFRS 9: 

 

Financial assets/liabilities   Classification and measurement
Cash   at amortized cost
Long-term investment   FVTPL
Net investment in sublease   at amortized cost
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities   at amortized cost
Lease obligation   at amortized cost
Short-term loans payable   at amortized cost
Long-term loans payable   at amortized cost

 

Financial liabilities other than derivative liabilitiesare recognized initially at fair value and are subsequently stated at amortized cost. Transaction costs on financial assets andliabilities other than those classified at FVTPL are treated as part of the carrying value of the asset or liability. Transactioncosts for assets and liabilities at FVTPL are expensed as incurred.

 

F-48

 

 

FOREMOST LITHIUM RESOURCE & TECHNOLOGY LTD.  

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED INTERIM CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited – Prepared by Management)

(Expressed in Canadian dollars)

December 31, 2022

 

3.SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (cont’d...)

 

Impairment of financial assets at amortized cost

 

The Company recognizes the expected credit losses (“ECL”)model on a forward-looking basis on financial assets that are measured at amortized cost, contract assets and debt instrumentscarried at FVTOCI.

 

At each reporting date, the Company measures the ECL forthe financial asset at an amount equal to the lifetime expected credit losses if the credit risk on the financial asset has increasedsignificantly since initial recognition. If at the reporting date, the financial asset has not increased significantly since initialrecognition, the Company measures the ECL for the financial asset at an amount equal to twelve month expected credit losses. TheCompany applies the simplified method and measures a loss allowance equal to the lifetime expected credit losses for trade receivables.

 

TheCompany recognizes in profit and loss, as an impairment gain or loss, the amount of expected credit losses (or reversal) thatis required to adjust the loss allowance at the reporting date to the amount that is required to be recognized. The loss allowancewas $Nil as at December 31, 2022.

 

Derecognition of financial assets and financial liabilities

 

A financial asset is derecognized when the contractual rightto the asset’s cash flows expire; or if the Company transfers the financial asset and substantially all risks and rewardsof ownership to another entity.

 

The Company derecognizes a financial liability when itsobligations are discharged, cancelled or expired.

 

Income taxes

 

Income tax expense comprises current and deferred tax. Incometax is recognized in profit or loss except to the extent that it relates to items recognized directly in equity. Current tax expenseis the expected tax payable on taxable income for the year, using tax rates enacted or substantively enacted at period end, adjustedfor amendments to tax payable with regards to previous years.

 

Deferred tax is recorded using the liability method, providingfor temporary differences, between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amountsused for taxation purposes. Temporary differences are not provided for goodwill not deductible for tax purposes, the initial recognitionof assets or liabilities that affects neither accounting nor taxable loss, or differences relating to investments in subsidiariesto the extent that they will probably not reverse in the foreseeable future. The amount of deferred tax provided is based on theexpected manner of realization or settlement of the carrying amount of assets and liabilities, using tax rates enacted or substantivelyenacted at the reporting date.

 

A deferred tax asset is recognized only to the extent thatit is probable that future taxable profits will be available against which the asset can be utilized.

 

Loss per share

 

TheCompany uses the treasury stock method to compute the dilutive effect of options, warrants and similar instruments. Under thismethod, the dilutive effect on loss per share is recognized on the use of the proceeds that could be obtained upon exercise ofoptions, warrants and similar instruments. It assumes that the proceeds would be used to purchase common shares at the averagemarket price during the year. For the period ended December 31, 2022, 17,065,000 (March 31, 2022 – 11,965,000) stock options,1,488,235 (March 31, 2022 – 14,067,213) warrants and 500,000 (March 31, 2022 – 12,499,996) performance share unitswere not included in the calculation of dilutive earnings per share as their inclusion was anti-dilutive.

 

Loss per share is calculated using the weighted average numberof common shares outstanding during the period.

 

Share-based payments

 

The Company grants stock options to acquire common sharesof the Company to directors, officers, employees and consultants. An individual is classified as an employee when the individualis an employee for legal or tax purposes or provides services similar to those performed by an employee.

 

F-49

 

 

FOREMOST LITHIUM RESOURCE & TECHNOLOGY LTD.  

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED INTERIM CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited – Prepared by Management)

(Expressed in Canadian dollars)

December 31, 2022

 

3.SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (cont’d...)

 

Share-based payments (cont’d...)

 

The fair value of stock options is measured on the dateof grant, using the Black-Scholes option pricing model, and is recognized in share-based payment reserve over the vesting period.Consideration paid for the shares along with the fair value recorded in share-based payment reserve on the exercise of stock optionsis credited to capital stock. When vested options are cancelled, forfeited, or are not exercised by the expiry date, the amountpreviously recognized in share-based payment reserve is transferred to accumulated losses (deficit). The Company estimates a forfeiturerate and adjusts the corresponding expense each period based on an updated forfeiture estimate.

 

In situations where equity instruments are issued to non-employeesand some or all of the goods or services received by the entity as consideration cannot be specifically identified, they are measuredat the fair value of the share-based payment. Otherwise, share-based payments are measured at the fair value of goods or servicesreceived. Where the terms and conditions of options are modified, the increase in the fair value of the options, measured immediatelybefore and after the modification, is also charged to profit or loss over the remaining vesting period.

 

For performance share units and stock options with vestingcontaining a market condition, the grant date fair value is measured using the Monte Carlo model to reflect such conditions andthere is no true-up for differences between expected and actual outcomes.

 

The expense recognized for performance-based stock-optionsis based on an estimation of the probability of achieving the market condition and the timing of the achieving of the market condition,which is difficult to predict. The fair value is recognized straight line over the life of the performance share units or stockoptions which vest based on a market condition. Upon achieving a market condition, the awards shall vest and any unvested fairvalue related to the vested awards will be accelerated and recognized.

 

Share issue costs

 

Share issue costs are deferred and charged directly to capitalstock on completion of the related financing. If the financing is not completed, share issue costs are charged to operations.Costs directly identifiable with the raising of capital will be charged against the related capital stock.

 

Valuation of equity units issued in private placements

 

The Company has adopted a residual value method with respectto the measurement of shares and warrants issued as private placement units. The residual value method first allocates value tothe more easily measurable component based on fair value and then the residual value, if any, to the less easily measurable component.

 

The fair value of the common shares issued in the privateplacements was determined to be the more easily measurable component and were valued at their fair value, as determined by theclosing quoted bid price on the announcement date. The balance, if any, was allocated to the attached warrants. Any fair valueattributed to the warrants is recorded as reserves.

 

Flow-through shares

 

Canadian Income Tax legislation permits an enterprise to issuesecurities referred to as flow-through shares, whereby the investor can claim the tax deductions arising from the renunciationof the related resource expenditures. The Company accounts for flow-through shares whereby the premium paid for the flow-throughshares in excess of the market value of the shares without flow-through features at the time of issue is credited to other liabilitiesand included in profit or loss at the same time the qualifying expenditures are made.

 

Leases

 

At inception of a contract, the Company assesses whetherthe contract is, or contains, a lease. A contract is, or contains, a lease if the contract conveys the right to control the useof an identified asset for a period of time in exchange for consideration.

 

Leases of right-of-use assets are recognized at the leasecommencement date at the present value of the lease payments that are not paid at that date. The lease payments are discountedusing the interest rate implicit in the lease, if that rate can be readily determined, and otherwise at the Company’s incrementalborrowing rate. At the commencement date, a right-of-use asset is measured at cost, which is comprised of the initial amount ofthe lease liability adjusted for any lease payments made at or before the commencement date, plus any decommissioning and restorationcosts, less any lease incentives received.

 

Each lease payment is allocated between repayment of thelease principal and interest. Interest on the lease liability in each period during the lease term is allocated to produce a constantperiodic rate of interest on the remaining balance of the lease liability. Except where the costs are included in the carryingamount of another asset, the Company recognizes in profit or loss (a) the interest on a lease liability and (b) variable leasepayments not included in the measurement of a lease liability in the period in which the event or condition that triggers thosepayments occurs. The Company subsequently measures the right-of-use asset at cost less any accumulated depreciation and any accumulatedimpairment losses; and adjusted for any remeasurement of the lease liability. Right-of-use assets are depreciated over the shorterof the asset’s useful life or the lease term, except where the lease contains a bargain purchase option a right-of-use assetis depreciated over the asset’s useful life.

 

F-50

 

 

FOREMOST LITHIUM RESOURCE & TECHNOLOGY LTD.  

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED INTERIM CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited – Prepared by Management)

(Expressed in Canadian dollars)

December 31, 2022

 

3.SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (cont’d...)

 

Leases(cont’d...)

 

When the Company enters into a sublease, it determines atlease inception date whether each sublease is a finance lease or an operating lease based on whether the contract transfers substantiallyall of the risks and rewards incidental to ownership of the underlying asset. If this is the case, then the sublease is a financiallease: if not then it is an operational lease.

 

Forfinancial leases, and when the Company acts as intermediate lessor, it recognizes a sublease receivable and derecognizes the right-of-useassets relating to the head lease that it transfers to the sub leases. Right-of-use assets and net investment in sublease receivablesrelating to the subleases are measured in the same way as the right-of-use assets and lease liabilities for the head lease, usingthe same discount rate for the actualization of future payments to be received.

 

Newaccounting standards issued and effective

 

Certainnew standards, interpretations, and amendments to existing standards have been issued by the IASB or IFRC that are mandatory foraccounting years beginning on or after January 1, 2022. New accounting pronouncements that are not applicable or are not consequentialto the Company have been excluded in the preparation of these condensed interim consolidated financial statements.

   

i)

Onerous Contracts - Cost of Fulfilling a Contract (Amendments to IAS 37) - The amendments to IAS 37 specify which costs an entity includes in determining the cost of fulfilling a contract for the purpose of assessing whether the contract is onerous. Costs that relate directly to a contract can either be incremental costs of fulfilling that contract (examples would be direct labour, materials) or an allocation of other costs that relate directly to fulfilling contracts (example would be the allocation of the depreciation charge for property, plant and equipment used in fulfilling the contract).

 

Theseamendments are effective for reporting periods beginning on or after January 1, 2022. The adoption of this new accounting standardhad no material impact on the Company’s condensed interim consolidation financial statements for the current period.

 

Anumber of new standards, and amendments to standards and interpretations, are not effective and have not been early adopted inpreparing these condensed interim consolidated financial statements. The following accounting standards and amendments are effectivefor future periods:

 

i)Classificationof Liabilities as Current or Non-current (Amendments to IAS 1) - The amendments to IAS1 provide a more general approach to theclassification of liabilities based on the contractual arrangements in place at the reporting date.

 

These amendments are effective for reporting periodsbeginning on or after January 1, 2023.

 

Theadoption of this new accounting standard is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s condensed interim consolidationfinancial statements for the current period.

 

F-51

 

 

FOREMOST LITHIUM RESOURCE & TECHNOLOGY LTD.  

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED INTERIM CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited – Prepared by Management)

(Expressed in Canadian dollars)

December 31, 2022

 

4.LONG-TERM INVESTMENT

 

  December 31, 2022   March 31, 2022
  Number of
shares
  Cost   Fair Value   Number of
shares
  Cost   Fair Value
Alchemist Mining Inc. 10,000 $ 9,500 $ 4,000   10,000 $ 9,500 $ 8,000

 

On August 20, 2014, the Company received100,000 common shares of Alchemist Mining Inc. (“Alchemist”), a corporation of which the CEO is a family member ofthe Company’s former CEO, at a fair value of $5,500 related to the Tchentlo Lake property. Alchemist shares were initiallyvalued at the trading price of $0.055 per share.

 

On August 20, 2016, the Company received100,000 common shares of Alchemist related to the amended Tchentlo Lake property. These shares were initially valued at the tradingprice of $0.04 per share.

 

The Company classified the Alchemistshares as an investment at fair value through profit or loss.

 

Effective November 19, 2021, AlchemistMining Inc. consolidated its common shares on a 20:1 basis.

 

AtDecember 31, 2022, the Company valued the shares at $4,000 (March 31, 2022 - $8,000) and recorded an unrealized loss of $4,000(March 31, 2022 - $Nil) from changes in the fair value.

 

5.LEASES

 

Forthe nine month period ending December 31, 2022, interest expense on the lease obligation was $8,097 (2021 - $14,075). The leaseterm matures on September 30, 2023. The below tables show the continuity of lease obligation and the reconciliation between theundiscounted and discounted balances:

 

Lease obligation, March 31, 2021  $150,218 
Interest expense   17,749 
Payments made   (71,627)
Lease obligation, March 31, 2022   96,340 
Interest expense   8,097 
Payments made   (53,720)
Lease obligation, December 31, 2022   50,717 
Current portion   (50,717)
Non-current portion  $- 

 

F-52

 

 

FOREMOST LITHIUM RESOURCE & TECHNOLOGY LTD.  

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED INTERIM CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited – Prepared by Management)

(Expressed in Canadian dollars)

December 31, 2022

 

5.LEASES (cont’d...)

 

   December 31, 2022 
Less than one year  $53,720 
Greater than one year   - 
Total lease obligation - undiscounted   53,720 
Unamortized interest   (3,003)
Total lease obligation - discounted  $50,717 

 

Theweighted average incremental borrowing rate applied to the lease liabilities on April 1, 2019 was 15%.

 

Duringthe year ended March 31, 2021, the Company amended the lease agreement and recognized a loss on lease amendment of $8,956. Duringthe year ended March 31, 2021, the Company also recognized a gain on sublease of $4,295.

 

For the periodending December 31, 2022, finance income of the net investment in sublease was $7,432 (2021 - $12,918). The sublease term matureson September 30, 2023. The below tables show the continuity of net investment in sublease and the reconciliation between the undiscountedand discounted balances:

 

Net investment in sublease, March 31, 2021  $137,772 
Finance income   16,290 
Payments received   (65,702)
Net investment in sublease, March 31, 2022   88,360 
Finance income   7,432 
Payments received   (49,277)
Net investment in sublease, December 31, 2022   46,515 
Current portion   (46,515)
Non-current portion  $- 

 

   December 31, 2022  
Less than one year   $ 49,276  
Greater than one year     -  
Total net investment in sublease – undiscounted     49,276  
Unamortized finance income     (2,761 )
Total net investment in sublease – discounted   $ 46,515  

   

F-53

 

 

FOREMOST LITHIUM RESOURCE & TECHNOLOGY LTD.  

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED INTERIM CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited – Prepared by Management)

(Expressed in Canadian dollars)

December 31, 2022

 

6.EXPLORATION AND EVALUATION ASSETS

 

Duringthe period ended December 31, 2022, the following exploration expenditures were incurred on the exploration and evaluation assets:

 

  

Zoro

Property

  

Grass River
Property

  

Winston Property

  

Peg North

Property

  

Jean Lake Property

  

Jol Lithium

Property

  

Total

 
                             
Acquisition costs                                   

Balance, March 31, 2022

  $1,909,407   $40,500   $1,200,586   $-   $50,000   $-   $3,200,493 
Cash   -    -    58,150    100,000    50,000    8,000    216,150 
Shares   -    -    -    100,000    50,000    2,454    152,454 
Other   -    3,000    67,717    -    -    -    70,717 
Balance, December 31, 2022   1,909,407    43,500    1,326,453    200,000    150,000    10,454    3,639,814 
                                    
Exploration costs                                   
Balance, March 31, 2022   3,402,511    -    244,216    -    343,902    -    3,990,629 
Assay   626    -    -    -    -    -    626 
Geological and consulting   696,178    412,874    82,662    465,234    1,542,997    38,365    3,238,310 
Exploration cost recovery   -    -    -    -    (100,000)   -    (100,000)
Balance, December 31, 2022   4,099,315    412,874    326,878    465,234    1,786,899    38,365    7,129,565 
                                    
Total Balance, December 31, 2022  $6,008,722   $456,374   $1,653,331   $665,234   $1,936,899   $48,819   $10,769,379 

 

F-54

 

 

FOREMOST LITHIUM RESOURCE & TECHNOLOGY LTD.  

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED INTERIM CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited – Prepared by Management)

(Expressed in Canadian dollars)

December 31, 2022

 

6.EXPLORATION AND EVALUATION ASSETS (cont’d…)

 

Duringthe year ended March 31, 2022, the following exploration expenditures were incurred on the exploration and evaluation assets:

 

  

Zoro

Property

  

Grass River

Property

  

Winston

Property

(as

restated –

Note 17)

  

Jean Lake

Property

  

Total

 
                     
Acquisition costs                          
Balance, March 31, 2021   $ 1,764,444    $ -    $ 1,121,057    $ -    $ 2,885,501  
Cash     75,000      40,500      79,529      25,000      220,029  
Shares     69,963      -      -      25,000      94,963  
Balance, March 31, 2022     1,909,407      40,500      1,200,586      50,000      3,200,493  
                          
Exploration costs                          
Balance, March 31, 2021     3,203,419      -      174,732      -      3,378,151  
Assay     1,216      -      4,712      -      5,928  
Drilling     150,633      -      -      -      150,633  
Geological and consulting     47,243      -      64,772      543,902      655,917  
Exploration cost recovery     -      -      -      (200,000 )     (200,000 )
Balance, March 31, 2022     3,402,511      -      244,216      343,902      3,990,629  
                          
Total balance, March 31, 2022   $ 5,311,918    $ 40,500    $ 1,444,802    $ 393,902    $ 7,191,122  

 

F-55

 

 

FOREMOST LITHIUM RESOURCE & TECHNOLOGY LTD.  

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED INTERIM CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited – Prepared by Management)

(Expressed in Canadian dollars)

December 31, 2022

 

6.EXPLORATION AND EVALUATION ASSETS (cont’d...)

 

ZoroProperty

 

ZoroI

 

TheCompany has a 100% interest in the Zoro I Claim in the Snow Lake area in Manitoba by paying a total of $150,000 in cash and issuing7,000,000 common shares (valued at $635,000).

 

Inaddition, during the year ended March 31, 2017, the Company issued 1,000,000 common shares to an arm’s length party at afair value of $135,000 as a finder’s fee on the Zoro I option agreement.

 

ZoroNorth

 

TheCompany has earned a 100% interest in ground contiguous with its Zoro 1 near Snow Lake, Manitoba subject to a 2% NSR by payinga total of $250,000 in cash, issuing $250,000 in shares (2,632,803 shares issued) and incurring $1,000,000 of exploration expenditures.

 

TheCompany can acquire an undivided fifty percent interest in the NSR, being one-half of the NSR or a 1% Net Smelter Return fromby making a $1,000,000 cash payment, together with all accrued but unpaid NSR at the time, prior to the commencement of commercialproduction.

 

Duringthe option period, the Company will be solely responsible for carrying out and administering exploration, development and miningwork on the property and for maintaining the property in good standing.

 

ManitobaLithium

 

TheCompany has earned a 100% interest in all lithium-bearing pegmatite dykes on three contiguous claims in Manitoba by paying $250,000in cash and issuing $250,000 in shares (2,724,674 shares issued).

 

Theproperty is subject to a 2% NSR. The Company can acquire an undivided fifty percent interest in the NSR, being one-half of theNSR or a 1% Net Smelter Return from Strider Resources Limited (“Strider”) by making a $1,000,000 cash payment to Strider,together with all accrued but unpaid NSR at the time, prior to the commencement of commercial production.

 

Duringthe option period, the Company is responsible for carrying out and administering exploration, development and mining work on theproperty and for maintaining the property in good standing.

 

GrassRiver Property

 

Duringthe year ended March 31, 2022, the Company staked claims on the Grass River Property in the Snow Lake area of Manitoba for $40,500.During the period ended December 31, 2022, the Company staked claims on the Grass River Property in the Snow Lake area of Manitobafor $3,000.

 

PegNorth Property

 

Duringthe period ended December 31, 2022, the Company entered into an option agreement to acquire a 100% interest in the Peg North claimslocated in the historic Snow Lake mining district in Manitoba upon completion of the following:

  

a)Cash payments of $750,000 as follows;

 

i)Cash payment of $100,000 on or before June 23, 2022 (paid);

ii)Cash payment of $100,000 on or before June 9, 2023;

iii)Cash payment of $100,000 on or before June 9, 2024;

iv)Cash payment of $150,000 on or before June 9, 2025;

v)Cash payment of $150,000 on or before June 9, 2026;

vi)Cash payment of $150,000 on or before June 9, 2027; and

 

b)Issuance of $750,000 in shares of the Company as follows;

i)Issue $100,000 in common shares on or before June 23, 2022 (issued 526,316 shares);

ii)Issue $100,000 in common shares on or before June 9, 2023;

iii)Issue $100,000 in common shares on or before June 9, 2024;

iv)Issue $150,000 in common shares on or before June 9, 2025;

v)Issue $150,000 in common shares on or before June 9, 2026

vi)Issue $150,000 in common shares on or before June 9, 2027; and

 

c)Incurring explorationexpenditures totaling $3,000,000 (incurred $465,264) due on or before June 9, 2027.

 

Theproperty is subject to a 2% NSR for which the Company can make a one-time $1,500,000 payment to re-purchase 1% of the NSR once100% interest has been achieved. 

 

F-56

 

 

6.EXPLORATION AND EVALUATION ASSETS (cont’d...)

 

HiddenLake Property

 

During theperiod ended December 31, 2022, the Company sold its 60% interest in the Hidden Lake Project in Yellowknife, NWT for $3,500,000resulting in a gain on sale of property of $3,500,000. 

 

WinstonProperty

 

Duringthe nine-month period ended December 31, 2022, the Company amended the terms of the option agreement and acquired a 100% interestin the Winston Property by issuing a US$75,000 promissory note (US$25,000 paid). The promissory note is due on October 15, 2023and is non interest bearing.

 

Inaccordance with the terms and condition of the underlying purchase agreement in order to complete the acquisition of the Ivanhoe/Emporiaclaims, the Company is required to pay the original owner of the claims the remaining purchase price of US$361,375 (US$42,000paid). Before the remaining purchase price is paid in full, the Company is subject to a minimum monthly royalty payment basedon monthly average silver price which reduces the remaining purchase price once paid. The accrued minimum monthly royalty paymentsoutstanding as of December 31, 2022 totals US$225,125 (March 31, 2022 - US$207,125). The agreement also entitles the owner toa permanent production royalty of 2% of NSR.

  

Priorto acquiring the 100% interest, during prior fiscal years, the Company had the following option agreements which are now superseded:

 

Duringthe year ended March 31, 2015, the Company entered into an option agreement with Redline Minerals Inc., Redline Mining Corporationand Southwest Land & Exploration Inc. (collectively, the “Optionors”) to acquire up to an 80% interest in theWinston Property consisting of the Little Granite claims and the Ivanhoe/Emporia claims located in Sierra County, New Mexico,U.S.A.

 

F-57

 

  

FOREMOST LITHIUM RESOURCE & TECHNOLOGY LTD.  

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED INTERIM CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited – Prepared by Management)

(Expressed in Canadian dollars)

December 31, 2022

 

6.EXPLORATION AND EVALUATION ASSETS (cont’d...)

 

Winston Property (cont’d...)

 

Duringthe years ended March 31, 2016 and 2017, the Company amended the option agreement with the Optionors to acquire an initial 50%interest upon completion of the following:

 

a)Cash payment of non-refundable deposits of $35,000 (paid);

b)Cash payments of $81,250 (paid);

c)Cash payment of $13,750 on or before November 15, 2014 (paid);

d)Share issuance of 300,000 common shares of the Company on January 15, 2015 (issued);

e)Cash payments of $120,000 as follows;

vii)Cash payment of $40,000 on or before February 28, 2016 (paid);

viii)Cash payment of $40,000 on or before June 1, 2016 (paid);

ix)Cash payment of $40,000 on or before June 1, 2017 (see amended terms below);

f)Issuance of 2,500,000 common shares (1,500,000 shares issued) of the Company as follows;

vii)Issue 500,000 common shares on or before October 17, 2014 (issued);

viii)Issue 500,000 common shares on or before October 17, 2015 (issued);

ix)Issue 500,000 common shares on or before October 17, 2016; (issued)

x)Issue 500,000 common shares on or before October 17, 2017 (see amended terms below);

xi)Issue 500,000 common shares on or before October 17, 2018 (see amended terms below); and

g)Incurring exploration expenditures totaling $300,000 due on or before October 17, 2017 (see amended terms below).

 

Theagreement was also amended to include a further option to acquire up to an additional 30% (80% in total interest).

 

Inexchange for the amendment of the option agreement, the Company issued 100,000 common shares at a fair value of $3,000 on February26, 2016.

 

Duringthe year ended March 31, 2017, the Company made a $25,000 cash payment to the original vendors of the Winston Property.

 

Duringthe year ended March 31, 2018, the Company’s wholly owned subsidiary offered to acquire a 100% interest to the claims fromthe Optionors by completing the following:

 

a)Cash payment of $35,000 (paid);

b)Issuance of 2,500,000 common shares of the Company (issued and valued at $275,000); and

c)Issuance of a $50,000 non-interest-bearing promissory note which is repayable on August 24, 2017 (issued and repaid).

 

Inaccordance with the terms and condition of the underlying purchase agreement in order to complete the acquisition of the LittleGranite claims, the Company is required to make the following payments:

 

a)Cash payments of US $12,000 on or before July 15, 2017 (paid)

b)Cash payments of US $6,000 on or before March 31, 2018 (paid);

c)Cash payments of US $12,000 on or before July 15, 2018 (paid);

d)Cash payments of US $12,000 on or before July 15, 2019 (paid);

e)Cash payments of US $12,000 on or before July 15, 2020 (paid);

f)Cash payment of US $19,000 on or before October 1, 2020 (paid);

g)Cash payment of US $19,000 on or before October 1, 2021 (paid);
h)Cash payments of US $380,000 on or before October 1,2022 (paid US$19,000) (see amended terms above).

 

F-58

 

 

FOREMOST LITHIUM RESOURCE & TECHNOLOGY LTD.  

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED INTERIM CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited – Prepared by Management)

(Expressed in Canadian dollars)

December 31, 2022

 

6.EXPLORATION AND EVALUATION ASSETS (cont’d...)

 

JeanLake Property

 

OnJuly 30, 2021, the Company entered into an option agreement with Mount Morgan Resources Ltd. to acquire a 100% interest in JeanLake lithium-gold project located in Manitoba.

 

Theoption agreement provides for the Company to earn a 100% interest over 4 years by cash payments and share issuances to Mount MorganResources Ltd. and exploration expenditures as follows:

 

i)$25,000 cash (paid) and common shares of the Company having a value of $25,000 (250,000 shares issued) on or before August 1, 2021;

ii)$50,000 cash (paid), $50,000 in common shares (335,235 shares issued) and $50,000 exploration expenditures (incurred) on or before August 1, 2022;

iii)$50,000 cash, $50,000 in common shares and $50,000 (further) exploration expenditures (incurred) on or before August 1, 2023;

iv)$50,000 cash, $50,000 in common shares and $50,000 (further) exploration expenditures (incurred) on or before August 1, 2024;

v)$75,000 cash, $75,000 in common shares and $50,000 (further) exploration expenditures (incurred) on or before August 1, 2025.

  

Oncethe Company earns the interest, the Company will grant a 2% NSR to Mount Morgan Resources Ltd. The NSR may be reduced to 1% bythe Company’s payment of $1,000,000 to the NSR holder.

 

Duringthe year ended March 31, 2022, the Company entered into an agreement with Manitoba Government to receive a grant of $300,000 fordrill program on Jean Lake and Zoro Lithium properties and received $200,000 during the year ended March 31, 2022 and $100,000during the period ended December 31, 2022.

 

JolLithium Property

 

Duringthe period ended December 31, 2022, the Company entered into an option agreement to acquire a 100% interest in the MB3530 claimin the Snow Lake area in Manitoba. To earn the interest, the Company paid $8,000 and issued 18,181 common shares. The propertyis subject to a 2% NSR.

 

F-59

 

 

FOREMOST LITHIUM RESOURCE & TECHNOLOGY LTD.  

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED INTERIM CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited – Prepared by Management)

(Expressed in Canadian dollars)

December 31, 2022

 

7.ACCOUNTS PAYABLE AND ACCRUED LIABILITIES

 

Accountspayables and accrued liabilities for the Company are broken down as follows:

 

   Note   December 31,
2022
   March 31,
2022
 
             
Trade payables       $625,620   $603,002 
Royalty payables        304,896    261,685 
Accrued liabilities        194,634    68,778 
Due to related parties   11    153,318    99,027 
Total       $1,278,468   $1,032,492 

 

8.SHORT-TERM LOANS PAYABLE

 

   December 31,
2022
   March31,
2022
 
         
Loans payable on demand, unsecured with no interest and no fixed term  $2,500   $2,500 
Loans payable on demand, unsecured with 10% interest per annum and no fixed term   5,000    5,000 
Loans payable on May 10, 2023 unsecured with 8.35% interest per annum   1,152,413    - 
US $50,000 promissory note (Note 6)   67,717    - 
   $1,227,630   $7,500 

 

Duringthe period ended December 31, 2022, the Company entered into a loan agreement with a related party to borrow $1,145,520, inclusiveof a prior advance of $145,520 (“Initial Advance”) included in short-term loans payable owing to a director of theCompany. The loan accrues interest at a rate of 8.35%, payable monthly, and matures on May 10, 2023. The loan is secured againstall goods of the Company. The Company paid an aggregate of $56,000 in interest during the period ended December 31, 2022.

 

9.

LOANS PAYABLE

 

Duringthe year ended March 31, 2021, the Company received a loan of $40,000 for the Canada Emergency Business Account to provide emergencysupport to business due to the impact of COVID-19. The loan is non-interest bearing until December 31, 2023, after which it willincur interest at 5% per annum. If the principal of $30,000 is fully repaid on or before December 31, 2023, the remaining $10,000will be forgiven.

 

10.CAPITAL STOCK AND RESERVES

 

a)Authorized capital stock:

 

Asat December 31, 2022, the authorized capital stock of the Company was: 

 

i)Unlimited number of common shares without par value.

ii)All issued shares are fully paid.

 

b)Issued capital stock:

 

Duringthe period ended December 31, 2022, the Company:

 

issued 650,000 common shares upon exercise of options for gross proceeds of $77,750, resulting in a reallocation of share-based reserves of $78,528 from reserves to share capital. The weighted average share price on the date of the option exercises was $0.24.

 

issued 10,637,489 common shares upon exercise of warrants for gross proceeds of $1,059,017.

 

issued 526,316 common shares at a value of $100,000 as part of the acquisition payments for the Peg North Option Agreement (see note 6).

 

issued 18,181 common shares at a value of $2,454 as part of the acquisition payments for the Snow Lake Option Agreement (see note 6).

 

closed a non-brokered private placement of 4,887,668 flow-through common shares at $0.34 per common shares for gross proceeds of $1,661,807. Cash finder’s fees of $99,624 were paid on the financings and the Company issued 288,235 share purchase finders warrants. Each finders warrant entitles the holder to purchase one common share at a price of $0.20 for a two-year period. A value of $855,342 was attributed to the flow-through premium liability in connection with the financing. As at December 31, 2022, the Company has fulfilled $1,186,784 of the flow-through exploration commitments.

  

issued 335,235 common shares at a value of $50,000 as part of the acquisition payments for the Jean Lake Option Agreement (see note 6).

 

issued 500,000 common shares valued at $177,500 pursuant to PSU redemption to a related party.

  

Duringthe year ended March 31, 2022, the Company:

 

issued 9,335,000 common shares upon exercise of options for gross proceeds of $850,575. The weighted average share price on the date of the option exercises was $0.24.

 

issued 7,756,667 common shares upon exercise of warrants for gross proceeds of $741,889.

 

closed a non-brokered private placement of 2,008,324 units at $0.17 per unit for gross proceeds of $341,415. Each unit consists of one common share and one share purchase warrant. The warrant entitles the holder to purchase one additional common share for a period of 18 months at a price of $0.25 per share.

 

issued 250,000 common shares at a value of $25,000 as part of the acquisition payments for the Jean Lake Option Agreement (see note 6).

 

issued 559,701 common shares at a value of $69,963 as part of the acquisition payments for the Zoro North Option Agreement (see note 6).

 

F-60

 

 

FOREMOST LITHIUM RESOURCE & TECHNOLOGY LTD.  

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED INTERIM CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited – Prepared by Management)

(Expressed in Canadian dollars)

December 31, 2022

 

10.CAPITAL STOCK AND RESERVES (cont’d…)

 

b)Issued capital stock: (cont’d…)

 

closed a non-brokered private placement of 2,390,000 units at $0.105 per unit for gross proceeds of $250,950. Each unit consists of one common share and one share purchase warrant. The warrant entitles the holder to purchase one additional common share for a period of 24 months at a price of $0.13 per share.

 

issued 408,884 common shares valued at $42,933 to settle $42,933 of services with a non-related party.

 

reinstated 200,000 options previously forfeited.

 

issued 1,000,000 common shares valued at $380,000 to settle $279,644 of debt with a non-related party and recorded $100,356 as loss on the settlement.

 

issued 1,500,000 common shares valued at $532,500 pursuant to PSU redemption to a related party.

 

F-61

 

 

FOREMOST LITHIUM RESOURCE & TECHNOLOGY LTD.  

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED INTERIM CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited – Prepared by Management)

(Expressed in Canadian dollars)

December 31, 2022

 

10.CAPITAL STOCK AND RESERVES (cont’d…)

 

c)Stock options:

 

TheCompany follows the policies of the Canadian Securities Exchange under which it is authorized to grant options to executive officersand directors, employees, and consultants enabling them to acquire up to 10% of the issued and outstanding common stock of theCompany. Under the policies, the exercise price of each option may not be less than the marketprice of the Company’s stock as calculated on the day before the date of grant. The options can be granted for a maximumterm of ten years.

 

Theoptions shall be subject to such vesting requirements, if any, as may be determined by the Board from time to time provided thatoptions granted to consultants performing “investor relation activities” must vest in stages over 12 months with nomore than ¼ of the options granted vesting in any six month period.

 

Duringthe period ended December 31, 2022, the Company: 

 

granted 1,000,000 stock options to a consultant of the Company. The options are exercisable at $0.255 per option for three years with an estimated fair value of $198,300 and vest immediately.

 

granted 400,000 stock options to a consultant of the Company. The options are exercisable at $0.275 per option for three years with an estimated fair value of $83,200 and vest immediately.

 

granted 3,100,000 stock options to a consultant of the Company. The options are exercisable at $0.18 per option for three years with an estimated fair value of $395,600 and vest immediately.

 

granted 1,550,000 stock options to a consultant of the Company. The options are exercisable at $0.19 per option for three years with an estimated fair value of $208,600 and vest immediately.

 

cancelled 300,000 stock options, resulting in a reallocation of share-based reserves of $61,600 from reserves to deficit.

 

Duringthe year ended March 31, 2022, the Company:

 

granted 250,000 stock options to consultants of the Company. The options are exercisable at $0.105 per option for five years with an estimated fair value of $21,500 and vest immediately.

 

granted 500,000 stock options to consultants of the Company. The options are exercisable at $0.15 per option for five years with an estimated fair value of $66,100 and vest immediately.

 

granted 300,000 stock options to consultants of the Company. The options are exercisable at $0.25 per option for five years with an estimated fair value of $61,600 and vest immediately.

 

granted 5,500,000 stock options to consultants of the Company. The options are exercisable at $0.285 per option for one year with an estimated fair value of $666,100 and vest immediately.

 

granted 500,000 stock options to a consultant of the Company. The options are exercisable at $0.41 per option for five years with an estimated fair value of $163,700 and vest immediately.

 

granted 1,000,000 stock options to a consultant of the Company. The options are exercisable at $0.35 per option for five years with an estimated fair value of $285,300 and vest immediately.

 

granted 750,000 stock options to a consultant of the Company. The options are exercisable at $0.33 per option for two years with an estimated fair value of $150,400 and vest immediately.

  

F-62

 

 

FOREMOST LITHIUM RESOURCE & TECHNOLOGY LTD.  

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED INTERIM CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited – Prepared by Management)

(Expressed in Canadian dollars)

December 31, 2022

 

10.CAPITAL STOCK AND RESERVES (cont’d…)

 

c)Stock options: (cont’d…)

 

granted 200,000 stock options to a consultant of the Company. The options are exercisable at $0.31 per option for three years with an estimated fair value of $46,600 and will vest 100% on December 8, 2022. For the year ended March 31, 2022, the Company recorded $3,897 as share-based compensation. For the period ended December 31, 2022, the Company recorded $42,702 as share-based compensation.

 

Stockoption transactions for the period ended December 31, 2022 are summarized as follows: 

 

Expiry Date  Exercise Price  

Balance

March 31,

2022

   Granted   Exercised   Forfeited/ Expired  

Balance

December 31, 2022

  

Exercisable

 

January 4, 2023

  $0.285    5,250,000    -    -    -    5,250,000*   5,250,000 
March 1, 2024  $0.330    750,000    -    -    -    750,000    750,000 
March 8, 2025  $0.310    200,000    -    -    -    200,000    200,000 
September 2, 2025  $0.255    -    1,000,000    -    -    1,000,000    1,000,000 
September 6, 2025  $0.275    -    400,000    -    -    400,000    400,000 
November 20, 2025  $0.080    400,000    -    (100,000)   -    300,000    300,000 
December 2, 2025  $0.180    -    3,100,000    -    -    3,100,000    3,100,000 
December 13,2025  $0.190    -    1,550,000    -    -    1,550,000    1,550,000 
January 15, 2026  $0.145    2,065,000    -    (300,000)   -    1,765,000    1,765,000 
October 21, 2026  $0.105    250,000    -    (250,000)   -    -    - 
November 1, 2026  $0.150    500,000    -    -    -    500,000    500,000 
December 3, 2026  $0.250    300,000    -    -    (300,000)   -    - 
January 17, 2027  $0.410    500,000    -    -    -    500,000    500,000 
February 16, 2027  $0.350    1,000,000    -    -    -    1,000,000    1,000,000 
Total        11,215,000    6,050,000    (650,000)   (300,000)   16,315,000    16,315,000 
                                    
Weighted average exercise price       $0.26   $0.20   $0.12   $0.25   $0.24   $0.24 
                                    
Weighted average remaining life (years)                            1.99      

*expiredsubsequently

 

Thefair value of stock options was calculated using the Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following weighted average assumptions:

 

   For the period ended
December 31, 2022
   For the year ended
March 31, 2022
 
         
Fair value per option  $0.21   $0.15 
Exercise price  $0.20   $0.29 
Expected life (years)   3.00    2.26 
Interest rate   3.49%   1.16%
Annualized volatility (based on historical volatility)   118%   114%
Dividend yield   0.00%   0.00%

 

F-63

 

 

FOREMOST LITHIUM RESOURCE & TECHNOLOGY LTD.  

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED INTERIM CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited – Prepared by Management)

(Expressed in Canadian dollars)

December 31, 2022

 

10.CAPITAL STOCK AND RESERVES (cont’d…)

 

c)Stock options: (cont’d…)

 

Stockoption transactions for the year ended March 31, 2022 are summarized as follows:

 

Expiry Date  Exercise Price   Balance
March 31,
2021
   Granted   Exercised   Forfeited/ Expired   Balance
March 31,
2022
   Exercisable 
June 27, 2021  $0.100    250,000    -    -    (250,000)   -    - 
January 4, 2023  $0.285    -    5,500,000    (250,000)   -    5,250,000    5,250,000 
January 17, 2024  $0.120    -    200,000    (200,000)   -    -    - 
March 1, 2024  $0.330    -    750,000    -    -    750,000    750,000 
March 8, 2025  $0.310    -    200,000    -    -    200,000    - 
June 12, 2025  $0.070    1,950,000    -    (1,950,000)   -    -    - 
November 20, 2025  $0.080    6,350,000    -    (5,950,000)   -    400,000    400,000 
January 15, 2026  $0.145    3,050,000    -    (985,000)   -    2,065,000    2,065,000 
October 21, 2026  $0.105    -    250,000    -    -    250,000    250,000 
November 1, 2026  $0.150    -    500,000    -    -    500,000    500,000 
December 3, 2026  $0.250    -    300,000    -    -    300,000    300,000 
January 17, 2027  $0.410    -    500,000    -    -    500,000    500,000 
February 16, 2027  $0.350    -    1,000,000    -    -    1,000,000    1,000,000 
Total        11,600,000    9,200,000    (9,335,000)   (250,000)   11,215,000    11,015,000 
                                    
Weighted average exercise price       $0.10   $0.29   $0.09   $0.10   $0.26   $0.25 
                                    
Weighted average remaining life (years)                            2.45      

 

d)Performance Stock Options:

 

Duringthe year ended March 31, 2022, the Company granted 750,000 performance-based stock options to a consultant of the Company. Theoptions are exercisable at $0.285 per option for two years with an estimated fair value of $126,297 and will vest 100% when theclosing share price is $0.50 or higher for 3 consecutive trading days. For the year ended March 31, 2022, the Company recorded$Nil as share-based compensation as the fair value will be recorded on a straight-line basis over the life of the performance-basedstock option as it was issued on March 31, 2022. For the period ended December 31, 2022, the Company recorded $47,361 as share-basedcompensation.

 

Expiry Date  Exercise Price   Balance
March 31,
2022
   Granted   Exercised   Forfeited/ Expired   Balance
December 31,
2022
   Exercisable 
                                    
March 31, 2024  $0.285    750,000    -    -    -    750,000    - 
Total        750,000    -    -    -    750,000    - 
                                    
Weighted average exercise price       $0.285    -    -    -   $0.285    - 
                                    
Weighted average remaining life (years)                            1.25      

 

F-64

 

 

FOREMOST LITHIUM RESOURCE & TECHNOLOGY LTD.  

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED INTERIM CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited – Prepared by Management)

(Expressed in Canadian dollars)

December 31, 2022

 

10.CAPITAL STOCK AND RESERVES (cont’d…)

 

e)Performance Share Units: (“PSU”)

 

Forperformance-based stock options with a market condition, a Monte Carlo simulation model is used to determine the fair value. TheMonte Carlo model utilizes multiple input variables that determine the probability of satisfying the market conditions stipulatedin the award. The expense recognized for performance-based options is based on an estimation of the probability of achieving themarket condition and the timing of the achieving of the market condition, which is difficult to predict. The following assumptionswere used at the time of grant:

 

   For the period ended
December 31, 2022
   For the year ended
March 31, 2022
 
         
Market target price  $0.50   $0.50 
Share price  $0.265   $0.30 
Expected life (years)   3    2 
Interest rate   2.39%   2.27%
Annualized volatility (based on historical volatility)   107.5%   111.2%

 

EffectiveJanuary 17, 2022, amended September 7, 2022, the Company’s board of directors adopted a performance -based share unit plan(the “PSU Plan”) which reserved a fixed aggregate of 17,169,535 common shares (being 10% of the Company’s thenissued and outstanding common shares”) for issuance upon the redemption of performance-based share award units (each a “PSU”).Under the terms of the PSU Plan, the Company is required to obtain shareholder approval for the PSU Plan within 3 years afterits adoption, and at least every three years thereafter. Any PSUs issued are subject to a four month hold from date of issue.

 

                 
   Number of PSUs
Outstanding
   Number of PSUs
Vested
   Weighted Average
Grant Date
Fair Value
   Share-based
payment reserve
 
                 
Balance at March 31, 2021   -    -   $-   $- 
PSUs granted   13,999,996    -    0.297    1,063,622 
PSUs vested   -    2,500,000    0.355    - 
PSUs redeemed   (1,500,000)   (1,500,000)   0.355    (532,500)
                     
Balance at March 31, 2022   12,499,996    1,000,000    0.290    531,122 
PSUs granted   8,000,004    -    0.190    - 
PSUs vesting through the period   -    -    0.290    341,127 
PSUs redeemed   (500,000)   (500,000)   0.355    (177,500)
PSUs forfeited/cancelled   (19,500,000)   -    0.297    (517,249)
                     
Balance at December 31, 2022   500,000    500,000   $0.355   $177,500 

 

OnJanuary 31, 2022, the Company granted 13,999,996 PSUs fair valued at $4,156,210, to certain directors and officers under the Company’sPSU Plan. Of the 13,999,996 PSUs granted. 2,500,000 PSUs vested and became redeemable by the holders, and the remaining 11,499,996PSUs will vest and become redeemable only upon the achievement of certain closing price milestones ranging between $0.50 and $1.75which will expire on January 31, 2025.

  

F-65

 

 

FOREMOST LITHIUM RESOURCE & TECHNOLOGY LTD.  

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED INTERIM CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited – Prepared by Management)

(Expressed in Canadian dollars)

December 31, 2022

 

10.CAPITAL STOCK AND RESERVES (cont’d…)

 

e)Performance Share Units: (cont’d…)

 

Ofthe 13,999,996 PSUs granted, 2,500,000 PSUs vested during the year ended March 31, 2022 and the remaining unvested PSUs are expensedstraight line over 3 years. During the year ended March 31, 2022, the Company recognized share-based payment expense of $1,063,622.Of the 2,500,000 PSUs that vested, 1,500,000 were converted to common shares during the year-ended March 31, 2022. During theperiod ended December 31, 2022, the Company recognized share-based payment expense of $135,395.

 

Duringthe period ended December 31, 2022, the Company granted 2,000,000 PSUs fair valued at $387,379, to a director under the Company’sPSU Plan. The PSUs will vest and become redeemable only upon the achievement of certain closing price milestones ranging between$0.50 and $1.75 which were to expire on April 12, 2025. During the period ended December 31, 2022, the Company recognized share-basedpayment expense of $60,495.

 

During theperiod ended December 31, 2022, the Company modified 6,999,996 unvested PSUs from earlier grants. The modified PSUs are fair valuedat $1,025,963 and will vest and become redeemable upon the occurrence of certain capital market liquidity events, with the balancevesting on the achievement of certain closing price milestones ranging between $0.39 and $1.36. The Company recognized $78,204in share-based compensation expense.

 

Duringthe period ended December 31, 2022, the Company granted 6,000,004 PSUs fair valued at $1,288,898, to directors under the Company’sPSU Plan. The PSUs will vest and become redeemable upon the occurrence of certain capital market liquidity events, with the balancevesting on the achievement of certain closing price milestones ranging between $0.39 and $1.36. The Company recognized $67,032in share-based compensation expense.

 

Duringthe period ended December 31, 2022, 19,500,000 unvested PSUs were cancelled. Upon cancellation $517,248 of previously recognizedshare-based compensation expense was reversed from reserves directly to deficit.

 

f)       Unit warrants:

 

A continuity of the unit warrants granted is as follows: 

 

Expiry Date  Exercise Price   Balance
March 31,
2022
   Granted   Exercised   Cancelled/ Expired   Balance
December 31,
2022
 
                         
August 28, 2022  $0.075    2,688,889    -    (2,688,889)   -    - 
August 28, 2022  $0.10    6,080,000    -    (6,080,000)   -    - 
October 29, 2022  $0.25    1,808,324    -    (178,600)   (1,629,724)   - 
December 15, 2022  $0.10    1,100,000    -    (500,000)   (600,000)   - 
December 2, 2023  $0.13    2,390,000    -    (1,190,000)   -    1,200,000 
Total        14,067,213    -    (10,637,489)   (2,229,724)   1,200,000 
Weighted average exercise price       $0.12    -   $0.10   $0.21   $0.13 
Weighted average remaining life (years)                            0.45 

 

During the year ended March 31, 2022, the Company issued4,398,324 unit warrants in connection with private placement financings. Based on the residual method, no value was allocatedto the unit warrants issued. A continuity of the unit warrants granted is as follows:

 

Expiry Date  Exercise Price   Balance
March 31,
2021
   Granted   Exercised   Cancelled/ Expired   Balance
March 31,
2022
 
                         
August 28, 2022  $0.075    5,240,000    -    (2,551,111)   -    2,688,889 
August 28, 2022  $0.10    7,285,556    -    (1,205,556)   -    6,080,000 
December 15, 2022  $0.10    4,900,000    -    (3,800,000)   -    1,100,000 
October 29, 2022  $0.25    -    2,008,324    (200,000)   -    1,808,324 
December 2, 2023  $0.13    -    2,390,000    -    -    2,390,000 
Total        17,425,556    4,398,324    (7,756,667)   -    14,067,213 
                               
Weighted average exercise price       $0.09   $0.18   $0.10   $0.00   $0.12 
                               
Weighted average remaining life (years)                            0.67 

 

F-66

 

 

FOREMOST LITHIUM RESOURCE & TECHNOLOGY LTD.  

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED INTERIM CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited – Prepared by Management)

(Expressed in Canadian dollars)

December 31, 2022

  

10.CAPITAL STOCK AND RESERVES (cont’d…)

 

f)Unit warrants: (cont’d…)

 

g)Agent warrants:

 

Duringthe period ended December 31, 2022, the Company issued 288,235 agent warrants in connection with private placement financings.A continuity of the unit warrants granted is as follows:

 

Expiry Date  Exercise Price   Balance
March 31,
2022
   Granted   Exercised   Cancelled/ Expired   Balance
December 31,
2022
 
                         
July 19, 2024  $0.200    -    288,235    -    -    288,235 
Total        -    288,235    -    -    288,235 
                               
Weighted average exercise price        -   $0.20    -    -   $0.20 
                               
Weighted average remaining life (years)                            1.55 

 

Thefair value of stock options was calculated using the Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following weighted average assumptions::

 

   For the
period ended
December 31,
2022
   For the
year ended
March 31,
2022
 
         
Fair value per option  $0.14    - 
Exercise price  $0.20    - 
Expected life (years)   2.00    - 
Interest rate   3.30%   - 
Annualized volatility (based on historical volatility)   120%   - 
Divdend yield   0.00%   - 

 

h)Reserves:

 

Reserves comprise of share-based payments, warrant reservesand PSU reserves.

 

11.RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

 

Keymanagement personnel include those persons having authority and responsibility for planning, directing and controlling the activitiesof the Company as a whole. The Company has determined that key management personnel consist of executive and non-executive membersof the Company’s Board of Directors and corporate officers and companies controlled by them. The remuneration of directorsand other members of key management personnel during the nine month period ended December 31, 2022 as follows:

 

For the period ended December 31, 2022

Paid or accrued to:

 

Management
and director
fees

  

Investor relation

fees

  

Share-based payments

  

Total

 
Key management personnel:                    
Current and former directors, officers and companies controlled by them  $270,569   $66,530   $736,726   $1,073,825 

 

         

For the period ended December 31, 2021

Paid or accrued to:

 

Management fees

   Share-based payments  

Total

 
Key management personnel:               
Current and former directors, officers and companies controlled by them  $313,379   $-   $313,379 

 

Shortterm related party loan payable (Note 8).

 

The amounts due to related partiesincluded in accounts payable and accrued liabilities are as follows:

 

   

As at

December 31,
2022

 

As at

March 31,

2022

Current and former directors, officers and companies controlled by them $ 156,647 $ 99,027

 

The amounts due are unsecured, non-interest bearing, andhave no specific terms of repayment.

 

F-67

 

 

FOREMOST LITHIUM RESOURCE & TECHNOLOGY LTD.  

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED INTERIM CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited – Prepared by Management)

(Expressed in Canadian dollars)

December 31, 2022

 

12.SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURES WITH RESPECT TO CASH FLOWS

 

Duringthe period ended December 31, 2022, significant non-cash investing and financing transactions included:

 

i.included in accounts payable and accrued liabilities is $738,624 related to exploration and evaluation assets.

 

ii.included in short-term loans payable is $67,717 related to exploration and evaluation assets.

 

iii.issued 879,732 common shares with a fair value of $152,454 for the acquisition of exploration and evaluation assets.

 

iv.issuance of 650,000 common shares upon exercise of options resulting in a reallocation of share-based reserves of $78,528 from reserves to share capital.

 

v.issued 500,000 common shares pursuant to PSU redemption resulting in a reallocation of share-based reserves of $177,500 from reserves to share capital.

 

vi.issued 288,235 share purchase finders warrants valued at $22,000.

 

vii.cancelled 300,000 options resulting in a reallocation of share-based reserves $61,600 from reserves to deficit.

 

viii.cancelled 19,500,000 PSUs resulting in a reallocation of share-based reserves $517,248 from reserves to deficit.

 

During the period ended December 31, 2021, significant non-cashinvesting and financing transactions included:

 

a)included in accounts payable and accrued liabilities is $424,915 related to exploration and evaluation assets.

 

b)issuance of 3,750,000 common shares upon exercise of options resulting in a reallocation of share-based reserves of $264,191 from reserves to share capital.

 

c)issued 809,701 common shares with a fair value of $94,963 for the acquisition of exploration and evaluation assets.

 

d)issued 408,884 common shares with a fair value of $42,933 for the services.

  

13.SEGMENTED INFORMATION

 

The Company primarily operates in one reportable operatingsegment, being the acquisition and exploration of exploration and evaluation assets. Geographic information is as follows:

 

   December 31, 2022   March 31,
2022
 
Exploration and evaluation assets          
Canada  $9,116,048   $5,746,320 
United States   1,653,331    1,444,802 
   $10,769,379   $7,191,122 

 

14.FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT

 

Capital management

 

The Company’s objective whenmanaging capital is to safeguard the entity’s ability to continue as a going concern. In the management of capital, theCompany monitors its adjusted capital which comprises all components of equity (i.e. capital stock, reserves and deficit).

 

The Company sets the amount of capitalin proportion to risk. The Company manages the capital structure and makes adjustments to it in the light of changes in economicconditions and the risk characteristics of the underlying assets. In order to maintain or adjust the capital structure, the Companymay issue common shares through private placements. The Company is not exposed to any externally imposed capital requirements.The Company’s overall strategy remains unchanged from fiscal year 2022.

 

Fair value

 

Fair value estimates of financial instruments are made ata specific point in time, based on relevant information about financial markets and specific financial instruments. As these estimatesare subjective in nature, involving uncertainties and matters of significant judgment, they cannot be determined with precision.Changes in assumptions can significantly affect estimated fair values.

 

Financial instruments measured at fair value are classifiedinto one of three levels in the fair value hierarchy according to the relative reliability of the inputs used to estimate thefair values. The three levels of the fair value hierarchy are:

 

F-68

 

 

FOREMOST LITHIUM RESOURCE & TECHNOLOGY LTD.  

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED INTERIM CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited – Prepared by Management)

(Expressed in Canadian dollars)

December 31, 2022

 

14.FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT (cont’d…)

 

Fairvalue (cont’d...)

 

Level 1 – Unadjustedquoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities;  

Level 2 – Inputs otherthan quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability either directly or indirectly; and  

Level 3 – Inputs thatare not based on observable market data.

 

The fair value of the Company’s long-term investmentconstitutes a Level 1 fair value measurement.

 

Thecarrying value of cash, accounts payable and accrued liabilities, accounts receivable, current portion of net investment in sublease,lease obligation and short-term loans payable approximate their fair value because of the short-term nature of these instruments.

 

Financial risk factors

 

The Company’s risk exposuresand the impact on the Company’s financial instruments are summarized below:

 

Credit risk

 

Credit risk is the risk of loss associated with a counterparty’sinability to fulfill its payment obligations. Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to a significant concentrationof credit risk consist primarily of cash and net investment in sublease. The Company limits its exposure to credit loss by placingits cash with major Canadian financial institutions and monitors the incoming sublease monthly payments to ensure they are current.

 

Liquidity risk

 

TheCompany’s approach to managing liquidity risk is to ensure that it will have sufficient liquidity to meet liabilities whendue. As at December 31, 2022, the Company had a cash balance of $2,312,446 (March 31, 2022 – $235,455) to settle currentliabilities of $2,841,312 (March 31, 2022 - $1,101,946). All of the Company’s financial liabilities except lease obligationand loan payable have contractual maturities of 30 days or are due on demand and are subject to normal trade terms. The Companyis exposed to liquidity risk and is dependent on obtaining regular financings in order to continue as a going concern. Despiteprevious success in acquiring these financings, there is no guarantee of obtaining future financings.

 

Market risk

 

Market risk is the risk of loss thatmay arise from changes in market factors such as interest rates, foreign exchange rates, and commodity and equity prices.

 

a)Interest rate risk

 

TheCompany has cash balances and no variable interest-bearing debt. The Company’s cash does not have significant exposure tointerest rate risk.

 

b)Foreign currency risk

 

The Company is exposed to foreign currency risk on fluctuationsrelated to cash, accounts payable and accrued liabilities, and option agreement payments that are denominated in a foreign currency.There is a risk in the exchange rate of the Canadian dollar relative to the US dollar and a significant change in this rate couldhave an effect on the Company’s results of operations, financial position or cash flows. The Company has not hedged itsexposure to currency fluctuations.

 

c)Price risk

 

The Company is exposed to price risk with respect to commodityand equity prices. Equity price risk is defined as the potential adverse impact on the Company’s earnings due to movementsin individual equity prices or general movements in the level of the stock market. Commodity price risk is defined as the potentialadverse impact on earnings and economic value due to commodity price movements and volatilities. The Company closely monitorscommodity prices of gold and lithium, individual equity movements, and the stock market to determine the appropriate course ofaction to be taken by the Company.

 

15.CONTINGENCIES

 

Duringthe year ended March 31, 2022, the Company filed a claim against certain previous directors of the Company for wrongful transferof funds in the amount of $157,185 for alleged deferred compensation to these directors. As a result of the claim against theCompany, alleging that they are entitled to the compensation that had been garnished, and are also entitled to termination orchange of control clauses as per their alleged management agreements. The amounts were garnished and later released as part ofthe settlement agreement detailed below.

 

Theprevious directors have also filed a counter claim against the Company, alleging that they are entitled to the compensation thathas been garnished and being held in escrow, and are also entitled to termination or change of control clauses as per their allegedmanagement agreements. The alleged management agreements would entitle each of the two directors to 12 months compensation inlieu of notice to termination without cause or 24 months of compensation if their agreements were terminated and within 6 monthsof a change of control of the Company, which includes a change in power to elect a majority of the board of directors or otherwisedirect the management of the Company through proxies, voting agreements, or otherwise. Per the counter claim, the management agreementcontaining these clauses had allegedly been executed during the year prior to their dismissal and the change in control.

 

Subsequentto December 31, 2022, the Company reached an agreement to settle the claim and counterclaim by the release of the funds held incourt to the defendants and a nominal payment which has been made.

 

Duringthe period ended December 31, 2022, the Company received correspondence from legal counsel to a former officer and alleging theformer officer was in an employment relationship with the Company and the Company failed to pay him wages and severance, claimingdamages from alleged wrongful dismissal, bad faith damages and related claims. The claim also alleged that the Company did nothave the legal right to cancel 6,500,000 outstanding PSU’s. The Company has made an assessment on the validity of the claimsand, at this time, the probability and amounts of any potential loss resulting from such claims is not determinable and no amountshave been accrued for any potential liability resulting from this in these condensed interim consolidated financial statements.

 

Duringthe period ended December 31, 2022, the Company received correspondence from legal counsel to a former officer of the Companyalleging the former officer was in an employment relationship with the Company and the Company failed to pay him wages and severancealleging he has been subject to inappropriate conduct in the course of his alleged employment . The claim also alleged that theCompany did not have the legal right to cancel 3,500,000 outstanding PSU’s. The Company has made an assessment on the validityof the claims and, at this time, the probability and amounts of any potential loss resulting from such claims is not determinableand no amounts have been accrued for any potential liability resulting from this in these condensed interim consolidated financialstatements.

 

The Companydetermines whether an estimated loss from a contingency should be accrued by assessing whether a loss is deemed probable and canbe reasonably estimated. The Company assesses our potential liability by analyzing our litigation and regulatory matters usingavailable information. The Company develops our views on estimated losses in consultation with outside counsel handling our defensein these matters, which involves an analysis of potential results, assuming a combination of litigation and settlement strategies.Should developments in any of these matters cause a change in our determination as to an unfavorable outcome and result in theneed to recognize a material accrual or should any of these matters result in a final adverse judgment or be settled for significantamounts, they could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, cash flows and financial position in the periodor periods in which such change in determination, judgment or settlement occurs.

 

F-69

 

 

FOREMOST LITHIUM RESOURCE & TECHNOLOGY LTD.  

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED INTERIM CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited – Prepared by Management)

(Expressed in Canadian dollars)

December 31, 2022

 

16.SUBSEQUENT EVENT

 

Subsequentto the period ended December 31, 2022:

 

i.500,000 outstanding vested PSUs were redeemed.

 

ii.entered into an agreement with Manitoba Government to receive a grant of $300,000 for drill program on Jean Lake and Zoro Lithium properties.

 

17.PRIOR YEAR RESTATEMENT

 

Duringthe year ended March 21, 2022, management determined that there was an error pertaining to exploration and evaluation assets andaccounts payable and accrued liabilities. This error was the result of the under accrual of payments required on the Company’sWinston mineral property (see note 6). The comparatives of the Company for the year ended March 31, 2021 have therefore been restated.

 

Effectsof these adjustments on the consolidated statement of financial position as at March 31, 2021 are as follows:

 

   March 31,
2021 as
originally
presented
  

Adjustments

  

March 31, 2021

restated

 
Exploration and evaluation assets  $6,032,097   $231,555   $6,263,652 
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities  $745,792   $231,555   $977,347 

 

Thecorrection of errors did not have an impact on total cash used in operating activities, total cash from financing activities andtotal cash used in investing activities for the year ended March 31, 2021.

 

Therewas no change to loss and comprehensive loss or basic and diluted loss per common share for the year ended March 31, 2021 as aresult of this restatement.

 

F-70

 

 

CommonShares

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

  

ForemostLithium Resource & Technology Ltd.  

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

PRELIMINARY PROSPECTUS

 

 

 

 

 

 

ThinkEquity

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

, 2023

 

Through and including            ,2023 (the 25th day after the date of this offering), all dealers effecting transactionsin these securities, whether or not participating in this offering, may be required to deliver a prospectus. This is in additionto a dealer’s obligation to deliver a prospectus when acting as an underwriter and with respect to an unsold allotment orsubscription.

 

 

 

 

PART II

INFORMATION NOT REQUIREDIN THE PROSPECTUS

 

Item 6. Indemnification of Directors and Officers.

 

Under the BCBCA, we mayindemnify our current or former directors or officers or another individual who acts or acted at our request as a director orofficer, or an individual acting in a similar capacity, of another entity which the Company is or was a shareholder or creditorof, against all costs, charges and expenses, including an amount paid to settle an action or satisfy a judgment, reasonably incurredby the individual in respect of any civil, criminal, administrative, investigative or other proceeding in which the individualis involved because of his or her association with us or another entity. The BCBCA also provides that we may also advance moneysto a director, officer or other individual for costs, charges and expenses reasonably incurred in connection with such a proceeding;provided that such individual shall repay the moneys if the individual does not fulfill the conditions described below.

 

However, indemnification is prohibited under theBCBCA if any of the following circumstances apply:

 

if the indemnity is made under an earlier agreement to indemnify or pay expenses and, at the time that the agreement to indemnify or pay expenses was made, the company was prohibited from giving the indemnity or paying the expenses by its memorandum or articles;

if the indemnity or payment is made otherwise than under an earlier agreement to indemnify or pay expenses and, at the time that the indemnity or payment is made, the company is prohibited from giving the indemnity or paying the expenses by its memorandum or articles;

if, in relation to the subject matter of the eligible proceeding, the eligible party did not act honestly and in good faith with a view to the best interests of the company or the associated corporation, as the case may be;

in the case of an eligible proceeding other than a civil proceeding, if the eligible party did not have reasonable grounds for believing that the eligible party’s conduct in respect of which the proceeding was brought was lawful.

 

Section 20 of our Articlesof Incorporation requires us to indemnify each of our current or former directors or alternate directors (each an “eligibleparty”)as well as their respective heirs and legal personal representatives, against all eligible penalties to which suchperson is or may be liable by reason of the eligible party having been a director or alternate director (an “eligible proceeding”),and deem the Company to have contracted with such eligible parties on the terms of the indemnity provided for therein. Further,following the final disposition of any eligible proceeding, the Company must pay the expenses actually and reasonably incurredby such person in respect of that proceeding.

 

Item 7. Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities.

 

During the past three years,we have issued and sold the below securities. We believe that each of the following issuances was exempt from registration underthe Securities Act in reliance on Regulation S under the Securities Act regarding sales by an issuer in offshore transactions.We believe that our issuances of options to our employees, directors, officers and consultants were exempt from registration underthe Securities Act in reliance on Rule 701 under the Securities Act. No underwriters were involved in these issuances of securities.

 

During the period from January 1, 2023 to May 17, 2023,the Company:

 

  issued 535,000 common shares at $0.15 (US$0.11) per share as part of the acquisition of the Lac Simard South Property.

 

Duringthe period from April 1, 2022 to December 31, 2022, the Company:

 

issued 500,000 common shares at $0.10 (US$0.075) upon exercise of warrants for gross proceeds of $50,000 (US$36,950);

 

issued 500,000 common shares in exchange for 500,000 PSU Redemption valued at $177,500 (US$131,173) (no proceeds);

 

issued 125,000 common shares at $0.25 (US$0.185) upon exercise of warrants for gross proceeds of $31,250 (US$23,094);

 

issued 250,000 common shares at $0.105 (US$0.08) upon exercise of options for gross proceeds of $26,250 (US$19,399);

 

issued 20,000 common shares at $0.25 (US$0.185) upon exercise of warrants for gross proceeds of $5,000 (US$3,695);

 

issued 117,000 common shares at $0.13 (US$0.10) upon exercise of warrants for gross proceeds of $15,210 (US$11,240);

 

issued 100,000 common shares at $0.08 (US$0.06) upon exercise of options for gross proceeds of $8,000 (US$5,912);

 

issued 130,000 common shares at $0.13 (US$0.095) upon exercise of warrants for gross proceeds of $16,900 (US$12,489);

 

issued 83,000 common shares at $0.13 (US$0.095) upon exercise of warrants for gross proceeds of $10,790 (US$7,974);

 

issued 60,000 common shares at $0.13 (US$0.095) upon exercise of warrants for gross proceeds of $7,800 (US$5,764);

 

issued 5,368,889 common shares at $0.10 (US$0.075) upon exercise of warrants for gross proceeds of $536,889 (US$396,761);

 

closed a non-brokered private placement of 4,887,668 flow-through common shares at $0.34 (US$0.25) per common shares for gross proceeds of $1,661,807 (US$1,228,075). Cash finder’s fees of $98,000 (US$72,422) were paid on the financings and the Company issued 288,235 share purchase finders warrants. Each finders warrant entitles the holder to purchase one common share at a price of $0.20 (US$0.15) for a two- year period;

 

issued 18,181 common shares at a value of $2,454 (US$1,814) as part of the acquisition payment for the Jol Lithium Option Agreement;

 

entered into a loan agreement to borrow $1,145,520 (US$846,539), inclusive of prior advance of $145,520 (US$107,539) (“Initial Advance” included withing accounts payable and accrued liabilities. The loan accrues interest at a rate of 8.35%, payable monthly, including an aggregate of $6,894 (US$5,095) accrued to date on the Initial Advance, and matures on May 10, 2023;

 

issued 833,600 common shares upon exercise of warrants for gross proceeds of $112,400 (US$83,064);

 

issued 526,316 common shares at a value of $‌100,000 (US$‌73,900) as part of the acquisition payments for the Peg North Option Agreement;

 

issued 2,688,889 common shares upon exercise of warrants for gross proceeds of $201,667 (US$149,032);

 

 

issued 335,235 common shares at a value of $50,000 (US$36,950) pursuant to the acquisition of the Jean Lake Property;

 

issued 300,000 common shares upon exercise of options for gross proceeds of $93,475 (US$‌69,078); and

 

issued 711,111 common shares upon exercise of warrants for gross proceeds of $71,111 (US$‌52,551).

 

During the year ended March 31, 2022, the Company:

 

issued 9,335,000 common shares upon exercise of options for gross proceeds of $850,575 (approximately US$628,575). The weighted average share price on the date of the option exercises was $0.24 (approximately US$0.18);

 

issued 7,756,667 common shares upon exercise of warrants for gross proceeds of $741,889 (approximately US$548,256);

 

II-1

 

 

closed a non-brokered private placement of 2,008,324 units at $0.17 (approximately US$0.125) per unit for gross proceeds of $341,415 (approximately US$252,306). Each unit consists of one common share and one share purchase warrant. The warrant entitles the holder to purchase one additional common share for a period of 18 months at a price of $0.25 (approximately US$0.185) per share;

 

issued 250,000 common shares at a value of $25,000 (approximately US$18,475) as part of the acquisition payments for the Jean Lake Option Agreement;

 

issued 559,701 common shares at a value of $69,963 (approximately US$51,703) as part of the acquisition payments for the Zoro North Option Agreement;

 

closed a non-brokered private placement of 2,390,000 units at $0.105 (approximately US0.08) per unit for gross proceeds of $250,950 (approximately US$185,452). Each unit consists of one common share and one share purchase warrant. The warrant entitles the holder to purchase one additional common share for a period of 24 months at a price of $0.13 (approximately US$0.10) per share;

 

issued 408,884 common shares valued at $42,933 (approximately US$31,727) to settle $42,933 (approximately US$31,727) of services with a non-related party;

 

reinstated 200,000 options previously forfeited;

 

issued 1,000,000 common shares valued at $380,000 (approximately US$280,820) to settle $279,644 (approximately US$206,657) of debt with a non-related party and recorded $100,356 (approximately US$74,163) as loss on the settlement; and

 

issued 1,500,000 common shares valued at $532,500 (approximately US$393,518) pursuant to PSU redemption to a related party.

  

During the year ended March 31, 2021, the Company:

 

issued 7,250,000 common shares upon exercise of options for gross proceeds of $660,250 (approximately US$487,925);

 

issued 3,449,936 common shares upon exercise of warrants for gross proceeds of $294,217 (approximately US$217,426);

 

closed a non-brokered private placement of 7,461,556 units at $0.056 (approximately US$0.04) per unit for gross proceeds of $419,712 (approximately US$310,167). Each unit consists of one common share and two share purchase warrants, warrant A and B. Warrant A entitles the holder to purchase one additional common share for a period of two years at a price of $0.075 (approximately US$0.05) per share and warrant B entitles the holder to purchase one additional common share for a period of two years at a price of $0.10 (approximately US$0.075) per share;

 

issued 515,474 common shares at a value of $50,000 (approximately US$36,950) as part of the acquisition payments for the Zoro North Option Agreement; and

 

closed a non-brokered private placement of 5,000,000 units at $0.05 (approximately US$0.04) per unit for gross proceeds of $250,000 (approximately US$184,750). Each unit consists of one common share and one share purchase warrants, warrant entitles the holder to purchase one additional common share for a period of two years at a price of $0.10 (approximately US$0.075) per share. The Company paid $2,500 (approximately US$1,848) in cash issuance fees.

 

During the year ended March 31, 2020, the Company:

 

issued 2,619,403 with a fair value of $125,000 (approximately US$92,375) to Strider Resources Limited as property acquisition payments, with 1,500,000 shares valued at $75,000 (approximately US$55,425) as part of the Manitoba Lithium Option Agreement, and 1,119,403 shares valued at $50,000 (approximately US$36,950) as part of the Zoro North Option Agreement;

 

issued 2,000,000 common shares at a price of $0.10 (approximately US$0.075) per share as a result of the completion of a private placement. Proceeds received net of share issue costs were $200,000 (approximately US$147,800);

 

II-2

 

 

issued 1,904,761 units at a price of $0.053 (approximately US$0.04) per unit as a result of the completion of a private placement. Proceeds received net of share issue costs were $94,004 (approximately US$69,469). Each unit is comprised of one common share and one-half of a common share purchase warrant. Each warrant will be exercisable into one common share for a three year term at a price of $0.105 (approximately US$0.08);

 

issued 2,500,800 shares with a fair value of $125,040 (approximately US$92,405) to repay non-related party short-term loans of $125,040 (approximately US$92,405);

 

issued 65,763 shares valued at $7,778 (approximately US$5,748) to settle $7,778 (approximately US$5,748) of debt with the CEO and other directors; and

 

issued16,655,769 shares valued at $832,789 (approximately US$615,431) to settle $832,789 (approximately US$615,431) ofdebt with related parties and non-related parties.

 

II-3

 

 

Item 8. Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules.

 

(a) Exhibits

 

Exhibit No.   Description
1.1+   Form of Underwriting Agreement
3.1(1)   Articles of Incorporation of Foremost Lithium Resource & Technology Ltd.
4.1(3)   Form of Unit Warrant
4.2(3)   Form of Finder’s Warrant
4.3+   Form of Representative’s Warrant
5.1+   Opinion of Farris LLP regarding the legality of the common shares
5.2+   Opinion of Dorsey & Whitney LLP
10.1(2)   Option Agreement by and between the Company, Top Notch Marketing Ltd., R. Ross Blusson, and Double-U-Em Investments Ltd. dated April 28, 2016
10.2(2)   Option Agreement by and between the Company and Strider Resources Limited, dated August 4, 2016
10.3(2)   Amendment to Option Agreement by and between the Company, Top Notch Marketing Ltd., and Double-U-Em Investments Ltd. Dated April 28, 2017
10.4(3)   Option Agreement by and between the Company and Strider Resources Limited, dated September 20, 2017
10.5(2)   Option Agreement by and between the Company and 92 Resources Corp. dated February 28, 2018
10.6(2)   Stock Option Agreement dated January 15, 2021, by and between the Company and David Edmondson
10.7(2)   Option Agreement by and between the Company and Mount Morgan Resources Ltd., dated July 30, 2021
10.8(2)   Company Stock Option Plan (2021)
10.9(2)   Promissory Note to Jason Barnard and Christina Barnard, dated May 10, 2022
10.10(2)   General Security Agreement by and between the Company and Jason Barnard and Christina Barnard, dated May 10, 2022
10.11(2)   Mineral Property Acquisition Agreement by and between the Company and Mae de Graff, dated June 9, 2022
10.12(3)   Option Agreement by and between the Company and Strider Resources Limited, dated June 28, 2022
10.13+†  

Employment Agreement between Jason Barnard, and the Company dated May 10, 2023

10.14(3)   Consulting Agreement between C. Driver Ltd and the Company dated December 15, 2022
10.15+   Amendment to Promissory Note to Jason Barnard and Christina Barnard, dated May 1, 2023
21.1*   List of Subsidiaries
23.1+   Consent of Crowe MacKay LLP
23.2+   Consent of Farris LLP (included in Exhibit 5.1)
23.3+   Consent of Dorsey & Whitney LLP (included in Exhibit 5.2)
23.4(2)   Consent of Mark Fedikow related to the Zoro Lithium Project
23.5(2)   Consent of Scott Zelligan related to the Zoro Lithium Project
24.1   Power of Attorney (included on the signature page of this registration statement)
96.1(3)   Technical Report Summary (Zoro Lithium Project)
107+   Filing Fee Table

 

* To be filed by amendment
+ Filed herewith
Indicates management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement
(1) Previously filed as an Exhibit to the registrant’s Registration Statement on Form F-1 (File No. 377-06362) filed with the SEC on September 9, 2022, and incorporated by reference herein.
(2) Previously filed as an Exhibit to Amendment No. 2 to the registrant’s Registration Statement on Form F-1 (File No. 377-06362) filed with the SEC on January 17, 2023, and incorporated by reference herein.

(3) Previously filed as an Exhibit to Amendment No. 3 to the registrant’s Registration Statement on Form F-1 (File No. 377-06362) filed with the SEC on April 13, 2023, and incorporated by reference herein.

  

(b) Financial Statement Schedules

 

Schedules have been omitted because the informationrequired to be set forth therein is not applicable or is shown in the financial statements or the notes thereto.

  

II-4

 

 

Item 9. Undertakings.

 

The undersigned registranthereby undertakes to provide to the underwriters at the closing specified in the underwriting agreement, certificates in suchdenominations and registered in such names as required by the underwriters to permit prompt delivery to each purchaser.

 

Insofar as indemnificationfor liabilities arising under the Securities Act may be permitted to directors, officers and controlling persons of the registrantpursuant to the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, the registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the SEC such indemnificationis against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnificationagainst such liabilities (other than the payment by the registrant of expenses incurred or paid by a director, officer or controllingperson of the registrant in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such director, officer orcontrolling person in connection with the securities being registered, the registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counselthe matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether suchindemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and will be governed by the final adjudicationof such issue.

 

The undersigned registrant herebyundertakes that:

 

(1)For purposes of determining any liability under the Securities Act, the information omitted from the form of prospectus filed as part of this registration statement in reliance upon Rule 430A and contained in a form of prospectus filed by the registrant pursuant to Rule 424(b)(1) or (4) or 497(h) under the Securities Act shall be deemed to be part of this registration statement as of the time it was declared effective.

(2)For purposes of determining any liability under the Securities Act, each post-effective amendment that contains a form of prospectus shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.

  

II-5

 

 

SIGNATURES

 

Pursuant to the requirements of theSecurities Act of 1933, the registrant certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all of the requirementsfor filing on Form F-1 and has duly caused this registration statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereuntoduly authorized, in the City of Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada on the 17th day of May, 2023.

 

  FOREMOST LITHIUM RESEARCH & TECHNOLOGY LTD.
     
  By:  /s/ Jason Barnard
  Name: Jason Barnard
  Title: Chief Executive Officer

 

POWER OF ATTORNEY

 

KNOW ALL PERSONS BY THESE PRESENTS,that each person whose signature appears below hereby constitutes and appoints Jason Barnard his or her true and lawful attorney-in-factand agent, with full power of substitution and resubstitution, for him or her and in his or her name, place and stead, in anyand all capacities, to sign any and all amendments, including post-effective amendments, to this registration statement, and anyregistration statement relating to the offering covered by this registration statement and filed pursuant to Rule 462(b) underthe Securities Act of 1933, and to file the same, with exhibits thereto and other documents in connection therewith, with theSecurities and Exchange Commission, granting unto said attorney-in-fact and agent, full power and authority to do and performeach and every act and thing requisite and necessary to be done, as fully for all intents and purposes as he or she might or coulddo in person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that each of said attorney in fact and agent or their substitute or substitutesmay lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.

  

Pursuant to the requirements of theSecurities Act of 1933, this registration statement has been signed by the following persons in the capacities and on the datesindicated.

 

Signature   Title   Date
         
/s/ Jason Barnard   President and Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer)   May 17, 2023
Jason Barnard        
         
/s/ Cyrus Driver   Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)   May 17, 2023
Cyrus Driver        
         
/s/ Michael McLeod   Director   May 17, 2023
Michael McLeod        
         
/s/ Andrew Lyons   Director   May 17, 2023
Andrew Lyons        
         
/s/ Christopher MacPherson   Director   May 17, 2023
Christopher MacPherson        
         
/s/ Jonathan More   Director   May 17, 2023
Johnathan More        

 

II-6

 

 

 

SIGNATURE OF AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE IN THE UNITED STATES  

 

Pursuant to theSecurities Act of 1933, the undersigned, the duly authorized representative in the United States of Foremost Lithium Research& Technology Ltd. has signed this registration statement or amendment thereto in New York on May 17, 2023.  

 

  Cogency Global Inc.
     
  By: /s/ Colleen A. DeVries
  Name: Colleen A. DeVries
  Title:

Senior Vice President. On behalf of Cogency Global Inc.

 

 

 

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